It seems like every year brings a new outbreak of sickness. Recent research tells us how diseases spread, from person to person. And it also gives us an idea how we can spread something better than diseases.

       An author called Malcom Gladwell recently published a book explaining how the process works. We usually think of an epidemic（流行病） as a force of nature that rolls over anyone in its way. In fact, it starts with a single person or very few people. These people travel around and infect （传染） small groups in different places. When enough of these groups are infected, then the disease suddenly seems to be everywhere. Gladwell also found that the process of infection was not just limited to disease? It also affects the world of ideas.

       The process can be seen in books and fashion. So called “underground bestsellers” are not pushed towards the public. They spread through hundreds of small reading groups until the day when everybody you know seems to have a copy. A group of young people may decide to wear an item of clothing simply because no one else is wearing it. Designers who monitor street fashion then pick up the idea and spread it. Finally everyone is wearing it.

       New York is often described as an unfriendly place. People are too busy looking after business to look after each other. In the early 1990s, one unknown person decided to perform at least one kind act a day. This caught on with his or her friends. The newspapers noticed the trend （趋势）. New York became full of people smiling and carrying each other’s bags.

       The success of trends like this fits in with other social phenomena （现象）. One is the 80/20 rule. This was invented by economists who noticed that in any situation 20 percent of the people did 80 percent of the work. Another is the “bystander problem”. Psychologists noticed that in accidents where a large number of people were around, no one stepped forward to help. Each person supposed that someone else would do something. When there were less people present, more of them decided to offer help.

What all this proves is the power of individuals （个人） and small groups. The “epidemic model” could be a great way of making a business grow or spreading an idea. small start can make a big difference.

1．The writer’s main purpose is to tell us_________.

       A．how diseases spread                                   B．how ideas are formed

C．how popularity takes place                    D．what diseases and ideas have in common

2．What do the underlined words “underground bestsellers” （in Paragraph 3） refer to in this text?

       A．Books which are good but few people know about.

B．Books which become popular without putting advertisements

C．Booksellers who sell books without putting advertisements

D．Booksellers who are good at selling books.

3．The 80/20 rule shows the fact that _________.

       A．the majority of people are powerless             B．there is not enough work for people

C．a small group may be a great power                     D．there exists a problem of overpopulation

4．According to the passage, we know _________.

       A．The “epidemic model” doesn’t exist nowadays.

B．The “epidemic model” plays an important role in making a business grow or spreading an

idea.

C．The “epidemic model” came into being in the early 1990s.

D．The “epidemic model” is a book written by Malcolm Gladwell.

Since the beginning of time, man has been interested in the moon. The Romans designed a special day to show admiration and respect to the moon. They called it “Monday”, or “Monday”, as we know it today. Later, the great mind of Leonardo da Vinci studied the moon and designed a machine to carry a human to the moon. Leonardo said that one day a great machine bird would take a person to the moon and bring great honour to the home where it was born.

       Four and a half centuries later, Leonardo’s idea was realized. Apollo Ⅱ took three Americans Collins, Aldrin, and Armstrong to the moon. The mission （任务） did fill the whole world with great surprise, as Leonardo had said it would. Numerous （many） essays, articles, and books were written about man’s first moon mission. But perhaps the most interesting story was one written before the event over 100 years before.

       In 1865, French author Jules Verne wrote a story about the first journey to the moon. His story was very similar to the 1969 Apollo Ⅱ mission.

       Verne’s spacecraft also contained three men—two Americans and a Frenchman. The spacecraft was described as being almost the same size as Apollo Ⅱ. The launch （发射） site in Verne’s story was also in Florida. The spacecraft in Verne’s story was named the “Columbiad”. The Apollo Ⅱ command ship was called “Columbia”. His account description of sending the spacecraft into the space could easily have been written about how Apollo Ⅱ was sent into the space.

       Verne’s story was the same as the actual event in several other respects （方面）. The speed of Verne’s spacecraft was 36,000 feet per second; Apollo’s was 35,533 feet per second.Verne’s spacecraft took 97 hours to reach the moon; Apollo’s time was 103 hours. Like Apollo’s spacemen, Verne’s spacemen took pictures of the moon’s surface, relaxed on their seats, cooked with gas, and experienced weightlessness. They too came down in the Pacific and were picked up by an American warship.

       What were the reasons for Jules Verne’s extreme accuracy （精确） in describing an event 100 years or more before it actually occurred? He based his writings on the laws of physics and astronomy. Nineteenth-century science and the vivid （clear） Verne’s imagination gave people an unbelievably accurate （exact） prediction of one of the greatest events of the 20^th century.

1．Jules Verne wrote his story of a man’s visit to the moon about _________.

       A．100 years before the Apollo Ⅱ mission        B．10 years before the Apollo Ⅱ mission

C．four and one half centuries ago                    D．100 years ago

2．Verne’s story about the first journey to the moon is very similar to _________.

       A．the second US space mission                B．the Apollo Ⅱ mission

C．Leonardo da Vinci’s story                     D．numerous other books on the same subject

3．The passage suggests that Jules Verne _________.

       A．developed the laws of physics

B．based his writings on the works of Leonardo da Vinci

C．was very lucky in what he had described about the future

D．knew a great deal about the laws of physics and astronomy

4．The passage mainly describes _________.

       A．the rapid progress of mankind                      B．Verne’s accurate prediction of the future

C．the 1969 Apollo Ⅱ moon mission               D．the 19th century science and technology

假如你是李华，请就本校食堂服务（canteen service）的状况给校长写一封信。内容包括：

词数：100左右，开头已为你写好。（以下内容不得抄入答题卡）

Mr. President,

       I’m a senior student of our school. I’d like to say something about the canteen service in our school.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

--- I’m afraid I’ll keep you waiting a while longer.

---          . I can wait all my life only if you can work it out for me.

A．Well, excuse me                      B．Oh, come on      

C．Well, let it alone                       D．Oh, my god

I’m looking for a          tie to match my suit.

A．mid – sized red silk                                    B．red mid – sized silk

C．red silk mid – sized                            D．silk red mid – sized

I heard you have         vacant position for a secretary. I’ve come to apply for job.

A．the; a           B．a; the           C．/; a             D．a; /

I had to buy       these books because I didn’t know which one was the best.

A．both         B．none           C．neither         D．all

He speaks English well indeed, but of course not         a native speaker.

A．as fluent as                       B．more fluent than    

C．so fluently as                     D．much fluently than

--- English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

--- Yes.        more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A．Know           B．Knowing          C．To know         D．Known

After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself, he      it into the sea.

A．transported            B．unloaded             C．released             D．handled