How Does Your Body Keep the Same Temperature?

       The temperature of your body should always be the same if you are fine, no matter whether the weather is hot or cold. That is why the doctor tests your temperature with a thermometer when you are sick. Normally, your  body temperature is ninety-eight point six degrees Fahrenheit (华氏的). If it is higher than that, it is a sure sign that something is wrong with your body.

       Your body keeps the same temperature all the time, because it balances (平衡) the heat it produces and the heat it gives off. It is always burning up food and producing heat. It can produce heat faster when the body needs or give off heat faster when the body becomes too warm. Let’s see how this works.

       The heat of your body is given off chiefly through the skin. When you feel cold, your skin is tight and shows “goose flesh”. When you feel chilly (寒冷的), you must jump around to keep warm. Then your muscles begin to work, burn up fuel and produce more heat. It is not pleasant to shiver so you usually prefer warming up by taking exercise, or put on more clothes to keep warm.

       When you get warm, the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied with blood that heat is given off rapidly. If you get too warm, you begin to sweat and more body heat is used in evaporating the moisture (蒸发水分) in your body. In warm weather or warm rooms, you wear less clothing, so that heat can be given off freely. You prefer less exercise because your body is warm enough, and the extra heat produced by taking too much exercise makes you uncomfortable.

       Now you see why you feel differently in different kinds of weather. In summer, when it is hot, you feel tired and lazy. You do not care to work or play, but enjoy lying down and doing nothing. When you get out of doors in winter, the cold air makes you feel lively. You want to run and play.

52.Why does the doctor take a person’s temperature when he gets sick?

A.    Because his temperature is a sign which can show whether he is sick or not.

B.    Because his temperature is always the same, no matter whether he is sick or not.

C.    Because when he is ill, his temperature is sure to be higher than normal.

D.    Because his temperature will be sure to change if something is wrong with him.

53. How does the body keep the same temperature all the time?

A.  It balances the heat it gets and loses.

B.  It is always producing heat from food.

C.  It gives off the heat that the body produces.

D.  It stops producing heat when it needs to.

54.When a person gets too warm, he begins to sweat in order to _____________.

A.  evaporate the moisture

B.  give off heat quickly

C.  make the skin soft and loose

D.  get the blood to move faster

55.From this passage we know that we feel differently in different kinds of weather because _________.

A.  our bodies deal with different kinds of weather in different ways to keep the same temperature.

B.  we feel tired and lazy in summer and lively in winter when we are outside in cold air

C.  we have different emotions in different kinds of weather

D.  the body temperature is always changing in different kinds of weather

Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the United States and Australia. They also want their children to take extra-course activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes which will give them a head in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend an unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter.

However, what most parents fail to see is that the best early education they can give their children is usually very cheap.

Parents can see that their children are very skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.

The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills that they need to be confident, happy and clever.

Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking, sewing and doing other housework.

Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and lots of self-confidence.

Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious and arouse his interest. He will spend hours looking at them, trying to fix them; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not merely teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.

 

36.Parents in China, according to this passage, ____________.

 A. are too strict with their children

 B. are too rich to educate their children

 C. have some problems in educating their children correctly

 D. are too poor to educate their children

37. Generally speaking, children’s skills __________.

 A. come from their parents

 B. have nothing to do with their education

 C. may be different from child to child

 D. have something to do with their marks in the exams

38. The writer of this passage does not seem to be satisfied with_______.

 A.  the parents’ ideas of educating their children

 B.  the education system

 C.  children’s skills

  D.  children’s hobbies

39. Doing some cooking at home helps children_________.

 A.  learn how to serve their parents

 B.  learn how to become strong and fat

 C.  benefit from it and prepare themselves for the future

 D.  make their parents believe that they are clever

The back door of the ambulance(救护车) was suddenly shut and the driver ran to the front, jumped into his seat, and started the engine. Inside were the _____16 _____ parents, Mr. and Mrs. Green, the mother holding their baby daughter Ally. The little girl had _____17 _____ food stuck in her throat and could hardly breathe.

The driver, Mr. White,  _____18 _____ his siren (报警器) and flashing light, and started speeding towards the nearest hospital, fighting against _____19 _____. The cars ahead of him pulled out of the way as he drove through the _____20 _____. From the back of the _____21 _____the parents were shouting at him to _____ 22_____, since Ally had almost stopped _____23 _____. In front of him he saw some traffic lights, with the red “STOP” light shining. Mr. White knew that he had no time to _____ 24_____, so he drove straight past the traffic lights, looking _____25 _____his left and right as he did so.

Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver had the windows _____ 26_____, since the car was air-conditioned, and he was playing his radio. He did not _____27 _____the ambulance. The lights were green, so he drove straight _____28 _____into the path of the ambulance.

Mr. White tried to stop his ambulance but it was too late. It hit the taxi. Everybody was shaken but no one was hurt. Mr. White looked to see _____ 29_____little Ally was. He was astonished to see relief (宽慰) instead of _____30 _____on the faces of the parents.

“Look!” cried Mrs. Green. “She is _____31 _____ again.”

“It must have been the _____32 _____.” said her husband. “It _____33 _____ the food out of her throat.” The baby’s color was turning to normal, and she was crying in a loud but healthy _____34 _____.

They were all joyful, and quite forgot about the accident, the taxi, and the lines of _____35 _____ all around them.

 

16. A. worried

B. angry

C. happy

D. surprised

17. A. little

B. some

C. no

D. few

18. A. opened on

B. turned on

C. turned off

D. sped up

19. A. police

B. enemy

C. lights

D. time

20. A. empty street

B. busy traffic

C. crowds

D. deserted place

21. A. street

B. cars

C. traffic

D. ambulance

22. A. hurry

B. be careful

C. stop

D. drive

23. A. breathing

B. seeing

C. saying

D. talking

24. A. think

B. look about

C. lose

D. miss

25. A. at

B. from

C. forward

D. to

26. A. open

B. clean

C. up

D. down

27. A. hear

B. see

C. find

D. notice

28. A. away

B. on

C. off

D. out

29. A. how

B. what

C. where

D. who

30. A. pleasure

B. anger

C. fear

D. surprise

31. A. crying

B. breathing

C. smiling

D. speaking

32. A. light

B. policeman

C. car

D. crash

33. A. took

B. picked

C. knocked

D. made

34. A. sound

B. voice

C. tone

D. noise

35. A. people

B. policemen

C. lights

D. cars

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