Imagine your body is like the house you live in. Every day, your family creates rubbish. The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection.  

Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected. You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week. The following week you put out another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week. But again, only two bags are collected. Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.  

This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys(肾脏)don’t work efficiently. Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products. Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.  

It’s not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection difficult.  

Kidneys’ main job is to remove toxins(毒素)and unwanted water from our blood. Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood. Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no apparent(显而易见的)pain.  

Research shows that more than 25% of all patients found to require dialysis(透析)do not see a kidney specialist until less than 90 days before dialysis starts. Some risk factors(因素)for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control, however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage. Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades. Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.  

 

71.The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that _____.  

A.it’s safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste  

B.it doesn’t matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time.  

C.it’s important for our body to empty the waste in time every day  

D.our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently  

72.The underlined word “insidious”(in Paragraph 3)means _____.  

A.gradual and unnoticed         B.apparent and fast  

C.smooth and safe                 D.painful and long  

73.We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, _____.  

A.the kidney failure begins  

B.the kidneys may have been seriously damaged  

C.we have lost about 10 percent of kidney function  

D.the kidneys can still work properly  

74.How many factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?  

A.Three.          B.Four.         C.Five.         D.Six.  

75.Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage?  

A.Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.  

B.Go to see a kidney specialist whenever you find any warning sign.  

C.Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.  

D.Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.  

American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system against infection(感染). Doctors at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, did the study. The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid(氨基酸)called L-theanine. The scientists say it may increase the strength of Gamma delta T cells, which are part of the body’s defenses.  

First, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens(抗原)found in the amino acid. Antigens help the body react to infection. Then the scientists added some bacteria(细菌). Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection. Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon.  

In the second part of the study, eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day. Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. That is dried coffee mixed with hot water.  

Two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. They also looked at what happened when they added bacteria to the blood cells. They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea. The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon.  

Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study. He says the antigens added to the Gamma delta T cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria. He says the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time.  

Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. If the findings prove to be true, he says, then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections. He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body’s defenses.  

 

67.We may know from the text that _____ can be found in different kinds of tea.  

A.Gamma delta T cells     B.L-theanine       C.interferon          D.bacteria  

68.Tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system because it helps _____.  

A.the body to produce more interferon  

B.the body to produce more Gamma delta T cells  

C.to add some bacteria to the blood cells  

D.to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body  

69.According to Dr Bukowski, _____.  

A.the findings of the study have already proved to be true  

B.he has taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with it  

C.further study is needed to prove the findings true  

D.he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer  

70.What would be the best title for this text?  

A.Tea Is Better Than Coffee.             B.Tea May Help Fight Infection  

C.Tea Can Help Prevent Cancer.         D.Our Body Needs Tea  

This March is a busy month in Shanghai. There’s a lot to do. Here are the highlights(最精彩的部分).

Live Music - Late Night Jazz

Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player. He’s coming with his new 7-piece band, Herbie’s Heroes. Herbie is known to play well into the early hours, so don’t expect to get much sleep. This is Herbie’s third visit to Shanghai. The first two were sold out, so get your tickets quickly.

PLACE: The Jazz Club  DATES: 15-23 March  PRICE: ¥80,120  

TIME: 10:00p.m. till late!  TEL: 6466-8736

Scottish dancing  

Take your partners and get ready to dance till you drop. Scottish dancing is fun and easy to learn. Instructors will demonstrate(展示)the dances. The live band, Gordon Stroppie and the Weefrees, are also excellent.

PLACE: Jack Stein’s  DATES: every Monday  PRICE: ¥60 including one drink  TIME: 7:00 - 0:00 p.m.  TEL: 6402-1877

Exhibitions - Shanghai Museum  

There are 120,000 pieces on show here. You can see the whole of Chinese history under one roof. It’s always interesting to visit, but doubly so at the moment with the Egyptian Tombs exhibition. There are lots of mummies and more gold than you’ve ever seen before. Let us know if you see a mummy move!

PLACE: Shanghai Museum  PRICE: ¥30(¥15 for students)  

TEL: 6888-6888    DATES: daily   TIME: Monday-Friday 9:00a.m. - 5:00p.m.   

Weekends 9:00a.m. - 9:00p.m.

Dining Sushi(寿司)chef in town  

Sushi is getting really big in Shanghai. In Japan, it’s become an art form. The most famous Sushi “artist” is Yuki Kamura. She’s also one of the few female chefs in Japan. She’ll be at Sushi Scene all of this month.

PLACE: Sushi Scene in the Shanghai Hotel  DATES: all months  

PRICE: ¥200  TIME: lunchtime  TEL: 6690-3211

For a full listing of events, see our website.  

 

64.Suppose you are going to attend an activity at 8: 00p.m.on Saturday, which one can you choose?  

A.Live Music - Late Night Jazz                 B.Scottish dancing  

C.Exhibitions - Shanghai Museum             D.Dining - Sushi chef in town  

65.Which of the following is true according to the advertisements?  

A.Scottish dancing is so interesting and easy that it never tires you out.  

B.The performance given by the American jazz band won’t last long.  

C.Sushi is not popular in Shanghai as it is a kind of Japanese traditional food.  

D.It is more interesting to visit Shanghai Museum for the exhibits from Egypt.  

66.From the text we may learn that Kamura is _____.  

A.a cook            B.a waitress               C.an instructor           D.an artist  

What makes a house a home?

Not size, of course. I’ve been in some of the grandest houses in America, and it’s clear no one lives there. Earlier this year, I had dinner in a mud hut in Ethiopia, where we sat on chairs next to the hostess’ bed ― a home that had more warmth than any house I’ve been in since.

Now John Edwards is exploring what makes a house a home in his just-released(发行)Home: The Blueprints of Our Lives. There Edwards writes, “This isn’t a book about houses; it’s a book about homes. About the values they rest on, the dreams they are filled with, and the people they have shaped,” Edwards writes. “The houses and circumstances are different, but much of what you find inside will be familiar.”

Whether you’re sitting in an airport flight now, waiting to fly to your childhood home for Thanksgiving, or in your own home waiting for the relatives to arrive, you know what he’s talking about.

We’ve lived in our townhouse for 21 years. It’s home now. The loose windows that shake in the wind. The fireplace so shallow it holds only one log. The kitchen window that offers a view of the world passing by. It’s where friends sit on the kitchen counter drinking wine while dinner is being fixed. I lived there for only 18, but it will always be my true home. Even the lamp in the west living room window, which I could see far down the road when driving home late at night, still shines.

While all this talk about childhood memories can be warm and comforting, home is whom you’re with, not where you are. As Edwards writes, “Home is family. Home is safety. Home is faith.”

Happy homecoming.

 

60.According to the author, what makes a house a home?

A.All the belongings in the house.         B.Feelings of warmth and comfort.

C.The houses and circumstances.         D.Drinking with friends on the kitchen counter.

61.About the book Home: The Blueprints of Our Lives, we know that _____.

A.it was the description of Edwards’ houses

B.it is mainly about houses

C.it helps us understand the concept(概念)of home

D.it was written by the author of the text

62.What did the author mean when he mentioned the loose windows and the shallow fireplace?

A.His house was too old to live in.             B.He missed the feelings of home.

C.He hated living there.                            D.He missed his old friends too much.

63.It can be inferred according to the text that _____.

A.the author’s family were very rich             B.every happy home is the same

C.the author has been living an unhappy life      D.the author and Edwards hold similar ideas

A group of soldiers were stationed(驻扎)in the country near the home of a big landowner, called Lord Hunt. As they wanted to stay on good terms with the landowner, they offered to blow up a large tree stump that had remained after part of a tree had been blown down in the storm. But Lord Hunt asked them not to damage the plantation(绿化带)of young trees that was next to the stump. The officer in charge of the engineers promised him that they would be careful. Lord Hunt was so pleased that he asked the whole group to lunch on the day of the explosion.

The day came and just before lunch, the officer checked with one of his men to see if they had put enough explosive in the stump. “I checked the maths,” said the soldier “and it comes to 32 kilos.” “Are you sure?” asked the officer. “Perhaps you’d better put in a bit more just to make sure.” The lunch continued and everyone ate a lot and drank a lot.

A little later, the group of soldiers went outside with Lord Hunt to see the explosion. “You just see, Lord Hunt, that tree will fall in exactly the right place without hurting any of your young trees,” said the officer. The soldier lit the fuse, then walked quickly away to take cover. After a minute the tree, instead of falling over on its side, rose with the explosion 20 metres into the air, taking with it a huge quantity of earth together with all the young plantation. “Sorry sir, I made a mistake!” said the soldier. “It should have been 3.2 kilos, not 32 kilos.”

Lord Hunt was so upset that he turned around and walked back to his house. He looked at the house in horror and saw that every single window had been broken by the explosion. He was so upset that he went to the toilet on the ground floor to get over his feelings of shock. When he had finished, he pulled the plug of the toilet and the whole ceiling, which had been weakened by the explosion, fell on his head.

 

56.It can be inferred from the text that the tree “stump”(in paragraph1)was ________.

A.the broken top part of a tree       B.the bottom part of a large tree

C.the branches of a fallen tree       D.a young tree in another plantation

57.The explosion caused great damages because ________.

A.the officer told the soldier to put in a bit more to make sure of the result

B.the soldier made a mistake in maths about the amount of the explosive

C.the soldier wanted to play a joke on Lord Hunt

D.the soldier drunk so much that he could not carry out the order from the officer

58.When the explosion came, it ________.

A.destroyed the tree without harming the plantation

B.blew up the tree but left the stump

C.was stronger than expected

D.blew up the tree in the expected direction

59.When Lord Hunt saw the results of the explosion, ________.

A.he was very angry and complained to the officer

B.he went inside to check the house for damage

C.he was shocked and upset

D.he was surprised to see the damaged ceilings

 

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