Falling and gravity

About 400 years ago, Caltleo

noticed that objects speed up,

or accelerate, as they fall.

 

He found that heavy and light

things, of the same shape and

size, take the same time to fall

to the ground. Gravity pulls

then-* down equally.

 

Try this for yourself with

different objects, like a slipper :

and a heavy boot.

 

Air resistance

Objects of different shapes and

sizes fall at different rates.  The

shape of a parachute makes

people fall more slowly.

 

 

The air pushing

against the parachute

causes a lot of air

resistance*. A person

without a parachute

falls faster because less

air pushes against

them.

The faster something falls, the

more air resistance there is on

it. Eventually, the air resistance

 slowing it down becomes as

strong as the pull of gravity.

Then its speed no longer

changes. This is called terminal

speed.

Free fall

If there were no air, there would be no air

resistance. All falling objects would just get

faster and faster < called is This rate. same the>

free fall.

67. Falling objects are pulled down to the ground by  

A. gravity                         B. resistance              C. speed                   D. acceleration(加速度) 

68. Why do people make parachutes(降落伞)? 

A. To look pretty and colourful in the air.            B. To slow down the falling speed. 

C. To push against the air in the sky.                  D. To accelerate the falling movement. 

69. Which did Galileo discover? 

A. A heavy ball falls faster than a light ball.          B. A light ball falls faster than a heavy ball. 

C. A light ball and a heavy ball fall at the same speed

D. A light ball and a heavy ball fall at different speed.

70. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Heavy and light objects fall equally when they are different in size.

B. When air resistance equals gravity, objects fall at terminal speed.

C. Without air; all falling objects get faster and faster at the same rate.

D. Slippers(拖鞋) and boots (靴子)fall at the same speed because they have the same shape 

The University of Southampton is a forward―thinking university with a diverse student population, which is from a variety of cultures. Its main Highfield campus is located two miles from the centre of Southampton, with other sites spread across Southampton and Winchester. Originally founded in 1862 as the Hartley Institute, Southampton University has grown into a large university with over 24, 000 undergraduate and postgraduate students and 5, 000 staffs.

 

 Highfield Campus is the university’s main campus. It is set in green and pleasant surroundings, just a short walk from the city centre. New and modern student facilities(设备), such as the Jubilee Sports Centre and Students’ Union, the Hartley Library, a range of restaurants, a bookshop, a post office and four major banks could be found here.

Southampton University is one of the top 10 research universities in the UK and has achieved high scores for its teaching and learning activities. The experts in this university regularly introduce new approaches and techniques related to the world today. Some of these have entered world-leading research centres and institutes.

A wide range of scholarships(奖学金)are arranged to aid the students’ studies at Southampton University. The university offers a large number of scholarships for any of the students’ courses. Most scholarships are awarded on the basis of the achievements of the students and all are competitive. If the student is serious about his desire to study with a scholarship, he should look into all scholarships open to him and put in a strong application for each one.

Students joining Southampton University either from home or abroad will find that it is really a great place to live and study in.

 
 

56. Which of the following best shows the structure(缘陶)of the passage?

 

(①:Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4, ⑤=Paragraph 5)

57. The underlined word “diverse”(in Paragraph 1)most probably mean         

A. proper                           B. different                  C. enough                    D. excellent

58. Which of the following is NOT supported in the passage?

A. Southampton University has a population of over 29, 000

B. It’s convenient to borrow or buy books on the campus

C. There are more than ten research universities in the UK

D. Most scholarships are offered to hard―working students

59. The best title for this passage would be

A. Highfield Campus, Pride of Southampton University

B. Hartley Institute, Mother of Southampton University

C. Southampton University, First-class University

D. Southampton University, World-leading Research Centre

Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class at an American university. Yaser was a(an) 36 student from Jordon. He wanted to learn more about American culture and hoped that he and Steve would become good friends. At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always  37 Yaser warmly before class. Sometimes he  38  invited Yaser to eat lunch with him. But Steve seemed  39   after the first term was over. The two  40  classmates didn’t see each other very much at school. One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn’t seem very  41  in talking to him. Yaser was hurt by Steve’s change of  42  . “Steve said we were friends, ”Yaser complained(抱怨), “and I thought friends were friends  43  . ”Yaser is a little  44  . As a foreigner, he doesn’t understand the way Americans  45  friendship. Americans use the wor“friend”in a very  46  way. They may call both casual acquaintances(相识的人)and close  47  “friends”. These friendships are   48  on common interests. When the  49  activity ends, the friendship may fade. Now as Steve and Yaser are no longer classmates, their“friendship”has changed. In some cultures friendship  50  a strong life-long connection between two people. In these cultures friendships develop slowly, since they are built to  51  . American society is one of  52  change. Studies show that one out of five American families moves every year. American friendships develop quickly, and they may change just  53  quickly. Americans may at first seem friendly. But American friendliness is not always a(an) 54  of true friendship. Learning how Americans look at friendship can help non-Americans 55   misunderstandings.

36. A. American   

B. native   

C. international

D. home

37. A. greeted   

B. welcomed   

C. invited

D. received

38. A. ever   

B. even   

C. never

D. seldom

39. A. familiar   

B. helpful   

C. grateful

D. distant

40. A. former   

B. normal   

C. unusual

D. ordinary

41. A. excited   

B. shocked   

C. interested

D. disappointed

42. A. mind   

B. relation   

C. opinion

D. attitude

43. A. for ever   

B. for once   

C. for a time

D. for a while

44. A. delighted   

B. confused   

C. frightened

D. impressed

45. A. express   

B. form   

C. view

D. like

46. A. general   

B. unique   

C. usual

D. strict

47. A. relatives   

B. companions   

C. classmates

D. workmates

48. A. depended   

B. based   

C. focused

D. set

49. A. shared   

B. connected   

C. combined

D. chosen

50. A. contains   

B. damages   

C. includes

D. means

51. A. enjoy   

B. last   

C. appreciate

D. value

52. A. slow   

B. steady   

C. rapid

D. similar

53. A. very   

B. too   

C. as

D. so

54. A. suggestion   

B. offer   

C. advice

D. idea

55. A. avoid   

B. ignore   

C. forbid

D. forgive

 

 

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