．After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced___ in 2001 as the year before．

A．as twice many machines           B．twice as many machines

C．as many machines twice           D．twice many machines

IV.阅读理解：（共32分，每小题2分）

    Can you imagine your doctor warning that taking a bath could be unhealthy? In the early 1800s, many doctors thought that bathtubs(浴缸) could carry diseases, so they advised against their use. The advice wasn’t based on personal experience, because few of the doctors owned bathtubs. The White House did not even have a bathtub until 1851.

    In the 19th century, only one home out of six had a bathroom. A child took only one bath a week. On Saturday nights, children all lined up for their turns to wash in a wooden bathtub in the kitchen. Mothers had to boil the water on the stove and carry it over to fill the bathtub. It’s no wonder that children could not jump into a bathtub as they do today.

    When the first bathtubs were introduced, even their makers weren’t sure whether the new fashion would last. They advertised their products as water containers that “could be used as bathing tubs”.

      The bathtub became popular in America shortly after World War I. By then most middle-class families had indoor taps. At first most bathtubs were made of wood, but as the popularity of the product increased, so did the creativity of bathtub makers. Before porcelain(瓷) bathtubs there were rubber ones like the plastic swimming pools kids use today. In the past few years owners often invited guests to see them. They told their friends how wonderful baths in these bathtubs could be.

    Now doctors no longer warn that bathtubs carry diseases. Instead, they tell their patients about the benefits of frequent bathing in the bathtubs. Maybe one of the best reasons why doctors encourage frequent trips to the bathtub is that bathed patients smell better!

1. Many doctors in the past were against using bathtubs because ______.

   A. they didn’t have their own bathtubs

   B. they thought bathtubs could carry diseases.

   C. the children might hurt themselves in the bathtubs

   D. bathtubs were too expensive for the common families

2. Why couldn’t children jump into a tub in the 19th century as they do today?

   A. It was unhealthy to do so.      B. The bathtubs were not enough.

   C. Mothers were always busy.     D. The bathtubs were made of wood.

3 .Which of the following is true according to the text?

   A. Some different materials can be used to make bathtubs.

   B. In the 19th century only one home out of seven had a bathroom.

   C. The bathtub became popular when they were introduced to the market.

   D. Children prefer the bathtubs made of plastic to those made of porcelain.

4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

   A. all the doctors have bathtubs in their homes

   B. the doctors have realized the advantages of bathtubs

C. the doctors will make lots of money by advertising bathtubs

   D. the patients should take a bath before going to see a doctor

 --- Which of the two poems do you like better?

  --- ____ short one, of course. I think it’s really ___ most interesting one.

A. A, the        B. The, a     C. The , the    D. A, a 

The policewoman believes that Derek gave a reasonably _______ account of what had happened to the poor family during the robbery.

       A. informal    B. potential     C. constant       D. accurate

 I have won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ________ my Mum.

A. am taking          B. have taken                C. take                  D. will have taken

Consult the page adapted from an English dictionary and do Questions 45–48．

root1 /ru:t/ n [C]

1 ??PLANT?? the part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground and gets water form the soil: Be careful not to damage the roots when repotting．| tree roots —see picture at germinate

2 ??CAUSE OF A PROBLEM?? the main cause of a problem: Money is the root of all evil．| be/lie at the root of （=be the cause of a problem） Often allergies are at the root of a lot of the problems．| get to the root of （=find out the cause of a problem） | root cause （=the main reason for a problem）

3 ??OF A CUSTOM/TRADITION?? roots the origins of a custom or tradition that has continued for a long time: has its roots in Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US．

4 ??OF AN IDEA/BELIEF?? the main part of an idea or belief which all the other parts come from: be/lie at the root of Foucault is challenging the very root of 20th century liberalism．

5 ??FAMILY CONNECTION?? sb’s roots your con- nection with a place because you were born there, or your family used to live there: Naita has come to Ghana in search of her roots．

6 put down roots if you put down roots somewhere, you start to feel that this place is your home and to have relationships with the people there

7 ??TOOTH/HAIR ETC?? the part of a tooth, hair etc that fixes it to the rest of your body

8 take root a） if an idea takes root, people begin to accept or believe it: The concepts of democracy and free trade are finally beginning to take root．b） if a plant takes root, it starts to grow where you have planted it

9 have a （good） root round informal especially BrE to search for something by moving other things around

10 root and branch if you destroy something root and branch, you get rid of it completely and permanently because it is bad

11 ??LANGUAGE?? technical the basic part of a word which shows its main meaning, to which other parts can be added: The suffix ‘ness’ can be added to the root ‘cold’ to form the word ‘coldness’．—compare stem1 （4）

12 ??MATHEMATICS?? technical a number that when multiplied by itself a certain number of times, equals the number that you have: 2 is the fourth root of 16．

       —see also cube root, square root, grass roots

root2 v

1 ??SEARCH?? [I always + adv/prep] to search for something by moving things around: [+ through/in/ around] “Hang on a second,” said Leila, rooting through her handbag for a pen．| [+ for] pigs rooting for food

2 ??PLANT?? a） [I] to grow roots: New shrubs will root easily in summer．b） [T usually passive] to fix a plant firmly by its roots: The bush was too firmly rooted in the hard earth to dig up easily．| root itself Clumps of thyme had rooted themselves between the rocks．—see also deeply rooted （deeply （5））

3 be rooted in to have developed from something and be strongly influenced by it: policies that are rooted in Marxist economic theory

4 be rooted to the spot to be so shocked, surprised, or frightened that you cannot move

       root for sb phr v [T] informal 1 to give support and encouragement to someone in a competition, test or difficult situation, because you want them to succeed: Good luck – we’ll all be rooting for you! 2 especially AmE to support a sports team or player by shouting and cheering: We’ll all be rooting for the Dallas Cowboys in the Superbowl．

       root sth ?? out phr v [T] 1 to find out where a particular kind of problem exists and get rid of it: Racism cannot be rooted out without strong government action．2 informal to find something by searching for it: I’ll try and root out something suitable for you to wear．

       root sth ?? up phr v [T] to dig or pull a plant up with its roots

1．What’s meaning of the word “roots” in the sentence “Many Americans have roots in Europe．”?

       A．The underground part of a plant．     B．One’s connection with a place．

       C．The origins of a custom or tradition．   D．The main cause of a problem．

2．What’s the fourth root of 81?

       A．27． B．9．   C．6．   D．3．

3．Which phrase can complete the sentence “Do you think it is possible to ____ crime?”

       A．root for           B．root out           C．root up            D．root through

4．In which of the following situations can we use the phrase “be rooted to the spot”?

       A．A bush is so firmly rooted in the ground that it is difficult to pull it up．

       B．A football fan got excited when his favorite football team scored a goal．

       C．A girl became too scared to walk when she caught sight of a long snake．

       D．A man is unable to walk because he was caught in a car accident years ago．

—We’d better go downstairs right now for lunch．

       —____ They serve food 24 hours a day．

       A．Hurry up!        B．Take your time．            C．It doesn’t matter．  D．No way!

Bill Gates has created a wonderful “window” ______ people can surf the Internet freely．

A．that                        B．which                     C．where                     D．when

After driving for five hours, they arrived at_________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.

   A. what          B. that          C. which          D. where

. ______ washing machine’s out of order, so I have to wash all our clothes by ______ hand.

A. The … /                  B. A … the                  C. The … the              D. A … /