It is hard to imagine that such a small country，the size of Indiana with the population of Alaska，tucked in the Himalaya Mountains，accessible only by two airplanes，is the “Happiest Country’’ in the world and has one of the fastest growing GDP’S in the world．This country is Bhutan，“Land of the Thunder Dragon”，which is located in South Asia and is encompassed by India，China，and Nepal．

Bhutan is the last standing Buddhist Kingdom in the World and，until recently，has preserved much of their culture since the l7th century by avoiding globalization and staying isolated from the world．Internet，television，and western dress were banned from the country up until ten years ago．Over the past ten years globalization has begun to change in Bhutan，but things remain perfectly balanced．

Bhutan is the only country in the world that has a ‘GNH’，which refers to “Gross National Happiness．’’The process of measuring GNH began when Bhutan opened up to globalization．It measures people’s quality of life，and makes sure that “material and spiritual development happen together．”Bhutan has done an amazing job of finding this balance．Bhutan has continually been ranked as the happiest country in all of Asia，and the eighth Happiest Country in the world according to Business Week．In 2007，Bhutan had the second fastest growing GDP in the world，at the same time as maintaining their environment and cultural identity．

In 2008，in Bhutan’s first democratic election，28-year-old Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wang Chuck was elected president of Bhutan．He promises to “maintain a stance （立场)of protection against the worst aspects of globalization，maintaining the ‘Gross National Happiness’．”But Jigme himself is no stranger to globalization．He attended high school at Phillips Academy and university at Wheaton College and then graduated from Oxford．

1.The underlined word “encompassed’’ in the first paragraph most probably means __________ .

A．coveredB．surrounded

C．separatedD．guarded

2.Why is Bhutan regarded as “the happiest country”?

A．Because it changes its policy and begins to open up．

B．Because it uses “GNH” to measure its achievement．

C．Because it stresses both material and spiritual development．

D．Because it has the second fastest growing GDP in the world．

3.What Can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．The election in Bhutan is far from satisfactory．

B．Globalization has influenced Bhutan’s religion．

C．Jigme’s educational background will cause distrust．

D．People in Bhutan will continue living a happy life．

4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

Coffee is a powerful beverage．On a personal level，it helps keep US awake and active．On a much broader level，it has helped shape our history and continues to shape our culture．

Coffee didn’t take off until the l400s when people figured out they could roast its seeds．By the l500s，the drink had spread to coffeehouses across the Arab world．Within another l50 years，it took Europe by storm．

“It actually had a major impact on the rise of business，” historian Mark Pendergrast says．Coffeehouses became a spot not just to enjoy a cup but to exchange ideas．The insurer Lloyd’s of London was founded hundreds of years ago in one of London’s 2,000 coffeehouses．Literature，newspapers and even the works of great composers like Bach and Beethoven were also spawned(涌现)in coffeehouses．

It is often said that after the Boston Tea Party of l773，when American colonists attacked British tea ships and threw boxes of tea into the harbor，Americans universally switched over to drinking coffee．In a letter John Adams wrote to his wife，Abigail，the Founding Father claims his love of tea but says he will have to learn to embrace coffee instead，because drinking tea had become a symbol of not loving the country．

For all the upsides coffee has brought the modern world，it also led to its fair share of downsides，too．Europeans carried coffee with them as they colonized various parts of the world，and this frequently meant they enslaved people in order to grow it．In Brazil — where slavery was legal until l888 — coffee plantations would use slash-and-burn agriculture，tearing down rain forests and planting coffee trees．Once the soil had been exhausted，growers would move on to another place．

And yet，coffee，as Pendergrast says，”had a very good impact in many ways on our civilization，even though it was，for a long time，grown by slaves．”

1.Why did people enjoy going to coffeehouses?

A．Because it was a fashion to drink coffee．

B．Because coffeehouses provided a better flavor．

C．Because they could stay awake and active there．

D．Because they could exchange ideas there．

2.What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A．American colonists made great profits by trading in coffee．

B．Tea was regarded as a symbol of loving one’s country．

C．Coffee became very popular after the incident in Boston．

D．John Adams was the Founding Father of the Tea Party．

3.In the fifth paragraph．the writer points out that __________ .

A．Coffee plantation was closely connected with slavery

B．coffee plantation led to outdated agriculture in Brazil

C．slavery in Brazil had been against the law until l888

D．slavery was responsible for the damage to rainforests

4.What is mainly talked about in this passage?

A．Some interesting stories about coffee culture．

B．Important Roles that coffee played in history．

C．How coffee became the most popular beverage．

D．How coffee affected America’s independence．

Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things，from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure，a sick one can cause serious harm?

Over the centuries，various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humor．Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory，the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others．Their theory seems to explain teasing，but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes．Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory，the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires．His theory works well for dirty jokes，less well for most puns．

The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory，the idea that humor arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens．Incongruity has a lot going for it — jokes with unexpected funny lines，for example，fit well．But scientists have found that in comedy，unexpectedness is overvalued．

With the goal of developing a new，more satisfactory explanation，I produced “the gentle violation(违背)theory”，the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening，but is actually OK or safe．A dirty joke，for example，trades on moral or social violations，but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about．Similarly，puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense．

And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒)，or just avoided the phenomenon altogether，my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter．Tickling involves violating someone’s physical space in a gentle way．People can’t tickle themselves — because it isn’t a violation．

1.What is the author’s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?

A．Critical．B．ApprovingC．uncaringD．Unclear

2.According to Sigmund Freud’s theory，we can infer that __________ .

A．people will laugh when they see others suffer

B．telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’s nervous feelings ’

C．unexpectedness can explain how humor works

D．tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension

3.According to the author，why are some things funny to some people but not to others?

A．Because the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person．

B．Because people have different expectations for the same thing．

C．Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart．

D．Because people’s understanding of violation is different．

4.What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage?

A．To draw people’s attention to the research of humor．

B．To criticize people’s misconceptions about humor．

C．To explain what exactly causes people to laugh．

D．To prove the sense of humor can be developed．

请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。

A report shows that China has over 300 million smokers，the highest in the world，with the rate of teenage smokers increasing every year．

要求：1．就此材料发表你的看法；

2．紧扣材料，有明确的观点；

3．词数不少于60；

4．在答题卡上作答。

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假如你是新华中学一名高三毕业生。请根据以下要点给某英文报写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对高三生活的看法。

(1) 对获得的帮助表示感谢；

(2) 对将来生活的规划；

(3) 对学弟、学妹的建议。

要求：1．词数：不少于80(开头己给出，不计入总词数)；

2．在答题卡上作答。

High school is regarded as the best time in a person’s life．As a senior 3 student，it won’t take long before I graduate．____________________________________________________________

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Their love _____ quickly over the months that followed after they met in a dating show.

A. was developed B. developed

C. had developed D. would develop

–When did Tom, head of this famous international corporation, stand trial in open court ?

–It was on Thursday _____ you were in Beijing.

A. when B. that C. where D. which

Mary dropped the vase, but her mother stared at her _____ she had done something clever．

A. in case B. as if

C. so that D. though

The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent.

A. questioned; was cheated

B. being questioned; was cheating

C. questioned; had cheated

D. being questioned; has cheated

–Mo Yan’s novels have attracted public attention.

–Yeah. Now there are his books _____ in every bookstore.

A. affordable B. acceptable

C. available D. valuable