Question

阅读理解 　　Early people had very little effect on the environment．They lived in caves in very small groups．They collected or killed only enough for the clan’s survival．Early clans were nomadic, which means that they did not stay in one place．Instead, they moved around, following the animals that were their main food source and seeking areas where seasonal plants grew wild．Moving around seasonally helped to protect the environment．The land had time to recover and animals had time to breed(繁殖)before the clan returned for the next season． 　　As time went by, these small family clans joined with others to form larger groups for protection．Joining with other clans gave them more hunters and more women to help cut up the meat and share it between families．Eventually, people tamed(驯养)wild animals such as dogs and horses．People settled around rivers and fertile plains to share responsibilities and duties．Then, people began to plant crops instead of moving to areas where the plants grew．This development changed the environment． 　　Traditional forms of work also changed．Some people were hatter at performing a particular task than other clan members, so they began to specialize in things they were good at doing．This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced． 　　People began to communicate with distant tribes．Land was cleared for roads．Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before．Specialization also gave people more free time．So art, dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts．This was how many great civilizations started． 　　Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today．Populations have increased rapidly．Forests have been cleared for farms．Inventions and technology have made work easier． 　　However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress．As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment． (1) Early tribes didn’t have much effect on animal population because _______． [　　] A． they kept animals for themselves B． they ate only vegetables C． they killed only enough for food D． they loved animals (2) The main purpose for small clans to join together was _______． [　　] A． to hunt animals B． to seek safety C． to share caves D． to protect environment (3) Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? [　　] A． Early people moved to new places looking for new sources of food． B． Modem civilization began when people started to live together in big groups． C． Modem advancements are always good for the environment． D． People began to exchange goods because they didn’t have enough money． (4) It can be concluded from the passage that _______． [　　] A． human progress has brought civilization to the society B． civilization has improved traditional forms of work C． our environment has been affected by human progress D． early people understood environmental protection

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．B;3．A;4．C;
解析：

(1)	这是一道细节推断题。从第一段第三句“They collected or killed only enough for the clan’s survival”可知他们仅仅捕猎够吃的食物就够了，所以对动物的数量影响不大。
(2)	这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段第一句“As time went by，these small family clans joined with others to form larger group for protection．” protection这个词就说明了几个家族聚集在一起形成更大的群体是为了保护自己，也就是寻求安全，选B。
(3)	这是一道判断正误题。从第一段第五行“Instead，they moved around，following the animals that were their main food source and seeking areas where seasonal plants grew wild．”可知人们迁徙主要是跟随野生动物或寻找新的植物生长的地区，选A。
(4)	这是一道结论归纳题。这篇文章主要介绍人类社会发展各阶段对环境的影响，最初人的群体小，能力低，所以对环境影响小，随着人类群体的扩大和现代文明的产生，对环境影响越来越大。从最后一段“However，pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress．”说明环境还是受到了影响。