Question

阅读理解 　　What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?The answers lie in the way Americans live today．During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen．Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense factories took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother． 　　Today about half of the country’s married women are employed outside the home．But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that housework．Instead, many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meals．It’s easier to pick up some fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for meals than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day． 　　Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed．And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced grown-ups, live alone rather than as part of a family unit and don’t want to bother cooking for one． 　　Fast food is attractive because it is fast, it doesn’t require any dressing up, it offers“fun”break in the daily routine, and the expense seems small．It can be eaten in the cars－sometimes picked up at a drive-in-window without even getting out－or on the run．Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings．Children, especially, love fast food because it’s finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no bothersome instructions from adult about table manners． (1) Which of the following is mainly responsible for the fast food fad in America? [　　] A． The fast tempo of modern life． B． Americans’ preference for ease and convenience． C． Keen competition in society． D． Americans’ jealousy for time． (2) It can be inferred from the text that ________． [　　] A． the author feels that the atmosphere at fast food restaurants is nice． B． forks and knives are indispensable while eating C． not many adults love fast food D． people enjoy more freedom while having fast food (3) According to the passage, all the following factors partly contribute to many Americans’ eating out EXCEPT that ________． [　　] A． they want to be liberated from bothersome cooking B． canned and convenience foods are harmful to people’s health C． many people stay single and do not like to cook D． many women work outside instead of cooking at home day after day (4) “Pitch in with”in Paragraph 2 probably means ________． [　　] A． start doing B． prefer doing C． help with D． keep up

Answer 1

答案：1．B;2．D;3．B;4．C;
解析：

(1)	导致美国快餐热的主要因素有哪些？A、C、D三项在文中的确有所反映，但不是重要方面。因历史和现实原因，越来越多的人都在社会上工作，尽管时代进步，在家里做饭仍然辛苦，再者因种种原因，社会上独居人很多，很多独居者懒得劳神为自己一个人做饭，于是快餐就不失为一种选择。文中很多地方都谈到了快餐如何方便，因此B项最佳。
(2)	题干中的infer意为推断。从全文来看，作者虽谈到快餐诸多好处，但并未就选项A的内容表态。选项B刀叉必不可少，过于绝对；吃快餐就可直接用手。选项C说法太绝对。据全文意思可断定D项为正确答案。
(3)	根据文章内容，A、C、D三项在文中都有涉及，而B项是我们潜意识中一贯的观点，但文中并未提及，故B项为正确答案。
(4)	此题要求根据上下文理解短语意思，A项(你能看见司机的车窗)是对drive-in-window望文生义。B项(开进目的地前能短暂停车的地方)、D项(吃完后你能退还盘子的入口)都是干扰项。只有C项(餐馆里能得到外卖食品的窗口)正确。pitch in(with sb．/sth．)表示“投入；参与；支援”。