题目内容

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的词数要求）
For career advancement or just for fun, thousands are going back to school online.
In our age of rapid change, big rewards go to those who possess cutting-edge knowledge. Employers and customers look for people who can successfully negotiate the opportunities around us.
From being able to skillfully operate leading software programs, to web development, to improving personal skills; thousands are sharpening their minds and careers with exciting courses on the Internet.
Internet-based, online courses give you a number of convenient advantages. With nothing more than an online connection and a browser（浏览器）you can logon and enjoy one of thousands of study programs via web pages and email. There are never any commuting or parking hassles（匆忙）. Multimedia online courses also make learning easy and fun!
Because virtual schools on the Net don’t require a campus, full-time staff, or a football team, Internet-based courses are far cheaper than traditional classroom courses. You can learn at your own pace, doing assignments and communicating with instructors and fellow learners whenever you have time.
Before you enroll, check to see if your employer or business requires a specific kind of knowledge. You can pursue online study towards skills that you require on the job. If your goal is strictly self-improvement, look for a course that focuses on developing skills you can enjoy and use. You have your own choice.                               . It costs a lot, takes too much time, or has little to do with your life.
If it has been long time since you took a class, you will probably find the rewards of study have improved. Adults with rich work and life experience have a wealth of knowledge they can use to add depth and meaning to their studies. You often find things you can quickly learn in an internet course give you new insight into experiences at work.
小题1:What is talked about in the passage? (within 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with a proper sentence. (within 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
You can learn at whatever speed that suits you, do your homework and communicate with your teachers and fellow learners no matter when you have time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题4:What is one disadvantage of online study in your opinion? (within 30 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
 

小题1:The advantages of online courses.
（评分要求：依据与文章整体内容的相关程度酌情给分，关键词：advantages, online courses/ online study）
小题1:There is no longer any reason to sit through a class. / You don’t have to sit through a class./ It’s not necessary for you to sit/ stay/ study in a classroom.
（评分要求：要求给出的答案能保持与上下文的连贯性，而且与参考答案的意思相近）
小题1:You can learn at your own pace, doing assignments and conversing with instructors and fellow learners whenever you have time.
（评分要求：要求准确找出以上句子）
小题1:Online study lacks face-to-face communication with your fellow students and tutors. When you have questions, you can’t turn to them for help in person.
（评分要求：只要作答合情合理即可酌情给分）
小题1:有丰富工作和生活经验的成年人可以利用自己丰富的知识来深入学习，使学习变得更有意义。
（评分要求：要求在准确、全面的基础上，翻译成较为通顺的汉语，并表达出作者的思路。）
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Scientists have been studying the reasons why some people don't like the taste of certain vegetables. They found that people inherit(遗传)some genes from their parents that cause them to like or dislike certain vegetables.
In their research about tastes, scientists found that there are three types of people in the world. First, there are non-tasters, who are not very sensitive to sweet-tasting foods or bitter-tasting foods. The people of the second type are just called tasters, and those of the third are super tasters who are very sensitive to sweet and bitter flavors. Children of the third type, who are super-tasters, will probably not like vegetables such as broccoli and Brussels sprout because of their bitter taste. This is unfortunate, because super-tasters might avoid eating foods that are important for their health.
The scientists said that thousands of years ago. On the other hand, super tasters actually had an advantage over other types of people. At that time, super-tasters could avoid eating bitter-tasting poisonous plants which other types of people would eat.
From this research about tastes, we learn some interesting things about super-tasters. For one thing, super-tasters have more taste buds(味蕾)on their tongues. And, to super-tasters bitters foods taste very bitter, and sweet foods taste very sweet. Super-tasters might also not like spicy food made with chili pepper, because it would be too hot for them. Furthermore, female supper-tasters probably won't be very fat, but they do seem to enjoy cooking more than other types of people.
小题1:Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word "spicy".
_______________________________________________________________.
小题2:What do scientists call those people who are not very sensitive to sweet-tasting or bitter-tasting foods? （回答词数不超过2个）
_____________________________________________________________.
小题3:According to the scientists, why don't some people like the taste of certain vegetables? （回答词数不超过9个）
_____________________________________________________________.
小题4:What would prevent a super-taster from eating food important for their health? （回答词数不超过8个）
_____________________________________________________________.
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Cross-Cultural Solutions (CCS) is a non-profit organization founded in 1995, widely known as the leading organization in the field of international volunteering, with more than 4,000 volunteers each year. CCS has a worldwide staff（员工、团队） of more than 300 people, and operates in 12 countries, with administrative（行政的） offices also located in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It offers volunteer programmes in 12 countries in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
Cross-Cultural Solutions’ volunteer programmes in China are located in Xi’an,  the crossroads of Western and Eastern China, and the starting point of the Silk Road. Culturally, Xi’an is a mixture of the ancient and modern worlds. Home to the famous terracotta army, Xi’an was once the imperial capital of China. The city’s ancient history is embodied by the huge stone walls that surround the city centre, originally intended to protect the city from invasion. In the modern world, Xi’an is the largest capital city in Central and Western China. Today, with a population of approximately eight million, this modern city still reflects its rich history and culture.
China’s diverse population is well represented in Xi’an’s Han and other minorities. Volunteering in Xi’an will provide you with opportunities to connect with individuals from a variety of backgrounds, exposing you to the wide scope of Chinese culture, one of the largest and most ancient cultures in the world.
Through our cultural and learning activities in China, you will see the work of local artists, visit the site of the famous ancient terracotta（兵马俑） army, participate in weekly Chinese classes, and engage in lively discussions on Chinese culture and society. Activities may also include cooking classes or visits from experts in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine and a local painter skilled in the unique arts of Chinese painting and calligraphy(书法). Guest speakers may also cover topics such as Chinese folklore（民间传说,民俗;民俗学）and traditional Chinese music. Many volunteers choose to participate in regular visits to local universities to meet with students interested in English conversation and cultural exchange.
CCS offers the following programmes in Xi’an, China:
t Volunteer Abroad---- two to twelve weeks
t Intern Abroad---- three to four weeks
t Insight Abroad---- one week
About Cross-Cultural Solutions
l Founded in 1995, it is a (1)_______ in the field of international volunteering.
l It operates and offers volunteer programmes in 12 countries.
About Cross-Cultural Solutions’ volunteer programmes in Xi’an, China
(2)________
Xi’an
Past
It was where the Silk Road (3) _______.
It used to be the imperial capital of China.
Present
It has a (4)________ of about eight million, including Han and other minorities.
Conclusion
It is a city (5)_______ in history and culture.
(6) ________
Seeing local artists’ work
Visiting the famous terracotta army
Having Chinese classes (7) ________ a week
Discussing Chinese culture and society
Being visited by a local painter and experts in traditional Chinese medicine
Listening to (8)________about Chinese folklore and traditional Chinese music
Visiting local universities and meeting students who take interest in English conversation and cultural exchange
Benefits
Volunteers can connect with individuals from various (9)________ and understand many different aspects of Chinese culture.
(10)________of programmes
Volunteer Abroad, which lasts two to twelve weeks
Intern Abroad, which lasts three to four weeks
Insight Abroad, which lasts one week

Can trees talk? Yes—but not in words. Scientists have reasons to believe that trees do communicate with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree(柳树) attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that the caterpillars got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. The even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special vapor — a signal causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication, of course, doesn’t need to be always in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending messages?
小题1:Why did Caterpillars stop eating the leaves of a willow tree? (No more than 15 words)
小题2:According to the passage, how do bees communicate with each other? (No more than 5 words)
小题3:What is the main idea of this passage? (No more than 5 words)
阅读表达
[1] A healthy weight is a weight that lowers your risk for health problems. For most people, body mass index (BMI) and waist size are good ways to tell if they are at a healthy weight.
[2] If you want to get to a healthy weight and stay there, a healthy lifestyle will work better than dieting. Reaching a certain number on the scale is not as important as having a healthy lifestyle.
[3] Staying at a healthy weight is one of the best things you can do for your health. It can help prevent serious problems, including: heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and sleep apnea.
[4] But weight is only _________. Even if you carry some extra weight, eating healthy foods and being more active can help you feel better, have more energy, and lower your risk for disease
[5] If you decide that you do need to make some changes, here are three steps to reach a healthy weight:
[6] Improve your eating habits. Do it slowly. You may be tempted to do a diet overhaul and change everything about the way you eat. But you will be more successful at staying with the changes you make if you pick just one eating habit at a time to work on.
[7] Get moving: Try to make physical activity a regular part of your day, just like brushing your teeth.
[8] Changing your thinking. Our thoughts have a lot to do with how we feel and what we do. If you can stop your brain from telling you discouraging things and have it start encouraging you instead, you may be surprised at how much healthier you’ll be in mind and body.    
小题1:What does the author say about getting to a healthy weight according to Paragraph 2?(no more than 8 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题2: Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
If you have some _________ don’t worry, you can still keep healthier by eating
healthier food and being more active.
小题3: Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题4:List three steps to reach a healthy weight according to the text. (no more than 15 words)
(1) _________________________________________________________________________
(2)_________________________________________________________________________
(3)_________________________________________________________________________
小题5: What does the word “it” (line2, Paragraph 8) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What’s more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
　　[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn’s energy. It’s clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child’s body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body’s cells for their own reproduction. And then there’s the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
　　[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
　　[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
小题1:What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)________________________
小题2:Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the  IQ list.
小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
___________                                                              
小题4:What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
　　________________________________________________________________________
小题5:What does the word "they" (Line 2, Paragraph 3) probably refer to？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，并根据短文的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]Every year there are changes in climate in different parts of the world. Some of these changes are due to natural causes. However, some climate changes are caused by air pollution and there changes may increase.
[2]If the pollution affects the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the results are likely to be serious. Carbon dioxide takes up only a small part of the atmosphere. But it performs an important function in keeping the balance between radiation from the sun entering the atmosphere and radiation leaving the Earth. Some radiation is absorbed by the Earth and some is radiated back into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevent some radiation from leaving the atmosphere. Thus the heat remains in the atmosphere and carbon dioxide help to prevent the temperature.
[3]If the proportion of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increased as a result of air pollution, the temperature of the atmosphere may rise. This might cause the ice in the North Pole to melt. If this happened, the sea level could rise and parts of Earth would be flooded. This happening is not quite likely but the possibility exists.
[4]There is also a fairly strong possibility that the level of dust in the atmosphere will rise _____________________ . This dust pollution from industry will reflect sunlight back into space. If this happens, less sunlight will reach the Earth and the temperature will fall.
[5]Another danger comes from the destruction of the Earth’s vegetation such as the forests of Brazil, which are being cleared away for farmland and cities. Trees use carbon dioxide and the destruction may disturb the balance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
小题1: What is the tile of the passage?(no more than 5 words)
_____________________________________________________.
小题2: Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 2 words)
Some __________ can lead to some climate changes in some parts of the world.
小题3: Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________________________________________.
小题4: What important part does carbon dioxide play from this passage?(no more than 10 words)
_________________________________________________________.
小题5: What does the word “it”(line 3, paragraph 2) probably refer to?(no more than 2 words)
_____________________________________________.
Scientists have determined it's not advisable to hurry marriage. But what’s the best age to wed?
When Avril Lavigne announced she was splitting from her husband, comments from her friends suggested that she was only 21 when she tied the knot and later she said that she realized she'd been too young to make such a life-altering decision. Could fellow young celebrity divorcées(离婚者) Reese Witherspoon, Kate Hudson, and Britney Spears have also hit the same age-related issue?
The Magic Number
There are practical reasons for the mid-20s dividing line, and most of them boil down to two biggies: education and money. 
It turns out that the more years of higher education a woman has under her belt on her wedding day, the lower the chances that she'll get divorced ... and by 25, you're more likely to have earned a degree or two. Educated women tend to be more confident about who they are and less willing to settle for a man who doesn't meet their standards.
Odds(可能性) are that by 25 you're also supporting yourself, so there's less incentive（刺激; 鼓励）for you to rush into marriage because you're seeking financial security from him. But the marriage-related benefits of working and having money of your own go beyond feeling secure. Learning to budget your cash carefully when you're single will help you avoid financial problems—one of the main causes of couple fights—for the rest of your life.
Knowing the Real You
At 25, you've had time for some crucial life experiences, including a relationship or two that may have improved your Mr. Right radar. You've probably dated enough to have a better idea of what you don't want in a man, which makes it easier to know what you can live with and can't live without. 
Perhaps the most important aspect of waiting is that you'll know what your goals and values really are. While you don't want to marry someone just like you, marriage is a lot easier if you two share a similar outlook on life.
Twenty-four and already married to the man of your dreams? Don't worry: Many young marriages survive. But given the choice, you might consider putting off the big day until your mid-20s or later.
小题1: What main factors influence the mid-20s dividing line? (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________________
小题2:According to the author, why does a couple probably fight？(No more than 4 words)
_________________________________________________________________
小题3:How do you know what you don’t want in a man? (No more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________
小题4:What suggestion does the passage mainly give? (No more than 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
As a nation, we’re getting fatter
In Britain, people with a healthy body weight are in the minority.
Nearly two thirds of men (65%)and more than half of women(56%)are either overweight or obese（病态肥胖的）.
Nearly a quarter of men and women (24%)are obese.
The number of overweight and obese people in the UK is increasing. A recent government report showed that if current trends continue, the majority of people in the country will be obese by 2050, including 60% of men and 40% of women.
What is a healthy weight?
You can find out whether your weight is within the healthy range by calculating your body mass index or BMI. Check your BMI using our BMI chart.
For many people, it’s just not realistic to aim for a so-called “ideal weight” for your height. Instead of focusing on a target weight, it may be more helpful to work on changing your lifestyle, which can help you reach a healthier weight.
Small changes can have big effects
Most people gain weight throughout their lives, often without realizing it. Very small changes can result in large weight gains over time, For example by simply eating an excess of 50 calories per day – just half a biscuit – you could gain 5 pounds or 2kg over a year. So in 5 years’ time you could be over 25 pounds or 10 kg heavier.
But good news is that small changes of your lifestyle can lead reduction in body weight. This may sound simple, but in reality it takes commitment and effort to change the habits of a lifetime. The day-to-day choices we make about our lifestyle have the greatest effect on our weight.
Losing weight and keeping it off!
The best way to lose weight is to eat healthily, eat smaller amounts and        . This will help you to take in less energy from food and increase the amount of energy you burn off by being more physically active.
1．What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 15 words)
2．Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
What affects our weight greatly is the way of life that we choose every day.
3．Fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words .(no more than 5 words)
4．How heavy could you gain in 10 years if you ate an excess of 100 calories every day according to this passage? (no more than 10 words)
5．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

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