Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.

Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

26. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______.

A. a church            B. a corporation            C. a city                       D. a state

27. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.

A. schooling and retraining                        B. practice in a hospital

C. facilities he or she uses                          D. education he or she receives

28. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About seven years.                                B. Eight years.

C. Ten years.                                             D. About twelve years.

29. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

30. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。

The Orkney Islands are about 14 kilometres from the north coast of Scotland. They are mostly low-lying, except for Hoy which has the highest sea cliff(峭壁) in Britain. The   36  and the climate are good in Orkney,  37  there are a lot of farms.

To get to Orkney you have to fly or go by  38  . Ships bringing passengers come from Aberdeen every week. They also bring food, machines and so on. Most Orkney farmers   39   cows or sheep. Because of this, grass is the most  40  crop on the islands. One of the islands has sheep which  41  sea plants   42   grass---they are  43  , but very strong and healthy.

Many people in the Orkney Islands are fishermen. Some go a long way out to  44  to catch large fish,   45  others catch  46  like crabs(螃蟹) and lobsters(龙虾),near the shore. The islanders  47  the crab meat and then pack it and send it to the  48  . They do not cook the lobsters. They send them  49  to restaurants in many of the large  50  of Europe. Most of the islands have their own  51  but of course some of them are very small---with only one group of children from five to ten years old. In fact there are  52  young people at all on the quietest islands. Usually they go the main town of Kirkwall,  53  modern lives.

Some people come from other parts of Britain to find a  54  life on the islands. Everyone is very friendly and they all know each other. Things are changing slowly, but the old way of life   55  continues.

36.A.land         B.hill         C.mountain     D.forest

37.A.yet          B.but          C.or           D.and so

Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.
Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.
Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.
Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.
Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.
【小题1】 According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by ______.

A.a churchB.a corporationC.a cityD.a state
【小题2】The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.
A.schooling and retrainingB.practice in a hospital
C.facilities he or she usesD.education he or she receives
【小题3】According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?
A.About seven years.B.Eight years.C.Ten years.D.About twelve years.
【小题4】Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.
A.there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them
B.they can take turns to work long hours
C.facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder
D.no one wants to assume too much responsibility
【小题5】 Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?
A.For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.
B.It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.
C.Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.
D.Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

第二节:完成句子(共30个空;每空0.5分,满分15分)

根据中文意思完成句子,每空一词。

我们应该采取措施来防止地球受污染.

86.We should ________  ___________  _________ prevent the earth from being polluted.

87.我看見她匆忙走过,所以沒有跟她說話。

I  __________  ____________  ___________her hurrying away, so I didn’t speak to her.

88.老师要我们牢记努力学习的重要性。

Our teacher ______________ ______________ us the importance of hard work.

89.我们要尽一切办法使他振作起来。

We tried every means to get him to ___________  _____________.

90.那个年轻人靠写作谋生的建议值得考虑。

The suggestion that the young man _________  ___________  ___________ __________  by writing is worth considering.

91.我可以隐约看到三个人影在远处移动。

I could make out three figures moving _________  _________  ___________.

92.沒人能对他旷课作出解释。

No one could__________  ___________ his absence from school.

93.他们很穷,但还是设法把儿子送去大学读书。

They were poor, but they__________  ___________ send their son to college.

94.让我们感到困惑的事情是他决定去参加赛马会。

__________  ___________ us was _________ he decided to compete in the Stampede.

95.这一周轮到我们做家务。

It is__________  ___________  ___________ to do the housework this week.

96.我为昨天所做的事向你道歉。

I ______________  ____________  you ____________ what I did yesterday.

 

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