题目内容

Historically, the term “fair trade” has meant many things. The Fair Trade League was  36   in Britain in 1881 to restrict  37  from foreign countries. In the United States, businesses and labor unions 38  “fair trade” laws to construct构建what economist Joseph Stiglitz calls “barriers to imports.” These so called “anti-dumping(反倾销)” laws allow a company that  39  a foreign one of selling a product below cost to request that the government charge收费special taxes to protect it from “unfair”  40  .
Such dark protectionist thoughts are far from the  41  of the organizers of the United Kingdom’s annual “Fairtrade Fortnight”. Their  42   aim is to raise the price paid to developing-country farmers for their 43  by cutting out the inflated profits虚抬利润of the middlemen on whom they  44  for getting their goods to distant markets. Fair-trade products  45  cocoa, coffee, tea, and bananas do not compete with domestic European production, and  46  do not have a protectionist motive(动机).
This is how it works: In  47  for being paid a guaranteed price and meeting “agreed labor and environmental standards” (minimum wages, no farm chemicals ), poor-country farming cooperatives(合作社) receive a FAIRTRADE mark for their products, given  48  by the FAIRTRADE Labeling Organization. This mark 49  supermarkets and other businesses to sell the products at a higher than  50   price . Third-world farmers get their income increased,  51  first-world consumers get to feel virtuous: a marriage made in heaven.
The fair-trade movement,  52  in the 1980’s, has been growing rapidly. In a significant breakthrough in 1997, the British House of Commons   53   to serve only fair-trade coffee. By the end of 2007, more than 600 producers’ organizations,   54  1.4 million farmers in 58 countries, were selling fair-trade products. Today, a quarter of all bananas in UK supermarkets are sold under a FAIRTRADE mark. But FAIRTRADE-labeled products still represent a very  55  share—typically less than 1%—of global sales of cocoa, tea, coffee, etc.
小题1:
A．discoveredB．foundedC．encouragedD．promoted
小题2:
A．importsB．exportsC．outputD．trade
小题3:
A．disobeyB．breakC．useD．study
小题4:
A．suspectsB．needsC．wantsD．advertises
小题5:
A．agreementB．contractC．gameD．competition
小题6:
A．worriesB．mindsC．commentsD．projects
小题7:
A．educationalB．politicalC．worthy高尚D．immediate
小题8:
A．favourB．benefitC．interestD．produce (n.农产品)
小题9:
A．dependB．spendC．lookD．apply
小题10:
A．asB．likeC．withD．for
小题11:
A．insteadB．otherwiseC．thereforeD．anyhow
小题12:
A．fearB．storeC．preparationD．exchange
小题13:
A．secretlyB．publiclyC．officiallyD．successfully
小题14:
A．urgesB．enablesC．ordersD．forces
小题15:
A．normalB．potentialC．lowestD．best
小题16:
A．whenB．whileC．asD．but
小题17:
A．launchedB．arrangedC．inventedD．developed
小题18:
A．wantedB．refusedC．hadD．decided
小题19:
A．tellingB．representingC．ChoosingD．receiving
小题20:
A．smallB．littleC．goodD．large

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D
小题6:B
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:A
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:D
小题13:C
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:B
小题17:A
小题18:D
小题19:B
小题20:A

试题分析：文章主要讲解了公平贸易成立的历史和它成立的宗旨，并介绍这个组织所提供的产品都会FAIRTRADE的标志，并介绍这些公平贸易产品的市场情况。
小题1:考查动词：A. discovered发现，B. founded成立，C. encouraged鼓励，D. promoted提升，从后面的in Britain in 1881 可知公平交易联盟成立于1881年，选B
小题2:考查名词：A. imports进口，B. exports出口，C. output产量，D. trade贸易， 从后面的from foreign countries.可知公平交易联盟是为了限制国外进口，选A
小题3:考查动词：A. disobey不服从，B. break打破，C. use使用，D. study学习，美国人使用公平交易法来实现oseph Stiglitz所说的“进口障碍”，选C
小题4:考查动词：A. suspects怀疑，B. needs需要，C. wants 想要，D. advertises做广告，这些所谓的反倾销法是让怀疑国外公司以低价销售的公司要求政府额外收费。选A
小题5:考查名词：A. agreement同意  B. contract合同，C. game 游戏，比赛，D. competition竞争，前面说的反倾销法是为了防止不公平竞争。选D
小题6:考查名词：A. worries 担心B. minds思维，C. comments评论，D. projects计划，这些贸易保护法是违背了每年一度的“Fairtrade Fortnight”.的初衷。选B
小题7:考查形容词：A. educational有教育意义的，B. political政治的，C. worthy 高尚的，D. immediate立刻，他们崇高的目的是提高给发展中国家农民的钱。选C
小题8:考查名词：A. favour 支持，B. benefit利益，C. interest兴趣，D. produce (n.农产品)，为发展中国家的农民提供产品提高工资。选D
小题9:考查动词：A. depend依赖，B. spend花费，C. look 看，D. apply应用，目的是为了减少农民赖以把产品销往遥远的地方的中间人的暴利，选A
小题10:考查介词：A. as 正如，B. like 象C. with和…一起，D. for为了，象可可，咖啡，茶叶这样的公平贸易产品就不会和欧洲竞争。选B
小题11:考查副词：A. instead相反的，B. otherwise否则，C. therefore 因此，D. anyhow无论怎样，前面说不会和欧洲竞争，所以不存在贸易保护主义的动机，选C
小题12:考查名词：A. fear害怕B. store储存，C. preparation准备，D. exchange交换，贫穷国家的农场合作社将支付了保证金和满足劳动和环保标准的产品做为交换，来为他们的产品提供Fairtrade的标记。选D
小题13:考查副词：A. secretly秘密的，B. publicly公共地，C. officially正式地，D. successfully成功地，Fairtrade这个标签是叫FAIRTRADE 组织的官方所给的。选C。
小题14:考查动词：A. urges强烈要求，B. enables使…能够，C. orders命令，D. forces强迫，这个标签是超市和商店可以用更高的价格卖这些产品。选B
小题15:考查形容词：A. normal正常的，B. potential有潜力的，C. lowest最低的，D. best最好的，前面讲了超市和商店可以比正常的卖更高的价格，选A
小题16:考查连词：A. when当…时候，B. while虽然，同时，C. as 当…时候，因为，D. but但是，第三世界的农民会增加收入，同时第一世界的人们也会逐渐觉得这是好事。选B
小题17:考查动词：A. launched发行，B. arranged安排，C. invented发明，D. developed发展，这个公平贸易活动是在20世纪80年代启动的。选A
小题18:考查动词：A. wanted想要，B. refused拒绝，C. had有，D. decided决定，英国的下议院决定只提供这种公平竞争的咖啡。选D
小题19:考查动词：A. telling告诉，B. representing代表，C. Choosing选择，D. receiving接受，到2007年为止，超过600个组织，代表58个国家的，共140万农民正销售这种公平贸易的产品。选B
小题20:考查形容词：A. small小的，B. little小C. good 好的，D. large大的，从前面的句子Today, a quarter of all bananas in UK supermarkets are sold under a FAIRTRADE mark. But FAIRTRADE-labeled products still represent a very 可知英国的公平贸易的香蕉和全球比起来还是很小的份额。选A
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We often use the words growth and development as if they meant essentially the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development).
In the past, most development policies were aimed increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many still are, based on the theory that benefits of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should promote development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than a decade of rapid growth in underdeveloped countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study indicated that increases in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise, its benefits come down to only a small part of the population. This realization gave rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favored agriculture over industry, called for domestic redistribution of income and wealth, and encouraged programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession, and third world debt forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefits that reach most of a nation’s people.
小题1:As to the relationship between growth and development, what can we infer from the passage?
A．Development is a reliable measure of growth.
B．Growth always brings about development.
C．Development is not necessarily the result of growth.
D．Growth and development refer to the same thing.
小题2:According to the study by the World Bank in 1974,economic growth in some background countries brought 
A．benefit only to a third of their population.
B．almost no benefit to a third of their population.
C．little benefit to their people.
D．no benefit at all to their people.
小题3:The programs designed to get rid of poverty were not very well carried out because the government
A．knew that growth didn’t promise development.
B．gave too much attention to increases in GNP per capita.
C．wished to replace the programs with new development policies.
D．was busy solving other more serious economic problems.
小题4:If the passage continues, what is the author most likely to discuss in the next paragraph?
A．How to turn growth into development.
B．How to remove poverty from society.
C．How to decrease third world debt.
D．How to cope with economic crises.
There are many differences between British English and American English.I used to teach a course about the differences between the two.We speak English on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean but we have many differences in our common language.We have examples of the same words having very d ifferent meanings，differing spellings of the same words as well as completely different words for the same things.Here are some examples.
A cookie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK.A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK.Crisps in the UK，are known as chips，but we British people eat a plate of chips that you call fries in the US.In the UK，a pie can be made from either meat or fruit，while in the US pies are normally made from fruit；pot pies are made from meat.Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US，not pounds and ounces.
One very obvious(明显的)difference is the side of the road we each choose to drive on.Petrol in the UK is gas in the US.The place where we fill up our cars，in the UK，is a garage；while in the US，it’s a gas station.The term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house.In the UK we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the US.
An elevator in the US is called a lift here，and the first floor in the US，is calle d the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.
I could continue with this. There are countless examples of differences within our one shared language.With so many differences，no wonder it’s hard to understand each other well.
小题1:The passage is mainly about the differences between British English and American English in________.
A．vocabularyB．grammarC．soundD．spelling
小题2:It’s implied in the passage that the author may be________.
A．a driver from the US
B．a cook from the US
C．a teacher from the UK
D．a gas station worker from the UK
小题3:In the author’s opinion，________.
A．language differences don’t affect understanding
B．the same words in the two different types of English may have different spellings
C．there will be fewer differences between American and British English in the future
D．it is impossible that some Americans get off on the wrong floor in British hotels
小题4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．“Elevator”is commonly used in the UK.
B．Pies mean the same thing in the UK and the US.
C．In the UK，things are measured in pounds and ounces.
D．British and American people drive on the same side of the road.
San Francisco has many museums. You can visit one and learn something new. We have art, science, history and other special museums. Some museums are open every day. Some are only open on certain days. Some museums are expensive, and others are free. But some of the expensive ones have free days. Many museums have websites. The websites usually have information about the things you can see in the museums.
On a museum’s website you can get information about ticket prices and free days. You can also know where the museum is and when it is open. Sometimes you have to click on the words like Visit, Information, or About to find the information. That will be hard work for you.
小题1:San Francisco has many museums for you to visit and ______.
A．learn something new B．play computer games
C．watch the movies D．click on Information
小题2:Some museums in San Francisco are open every day, but some are only open ______.
A．on weekdaysB．on weekends
C．on certain days D．on holidays
小题3:Many museums have ______ with information about the things you can see in them.
A．ticket prices B．their websites
C．open hours D．free days
Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his life, he might go home and write in his diary; now, a teenager with  26 problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog（博客）．In many ways, a diary and a blog are very  27 ．But what makes blogging different from writing in a（n） 28 diary?
The biggest difference is that a blog is much more   29  than a diary. Usually, a teenager treats his diary like a book full of   30  that he does not want to   31 with others.
It’s interesting that someone who writes in a blog   32 a diary will probably write nearly the same information.
I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her   33 . She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test.  34 I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but   35 in my dairy. Then, after I had finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was  36 that my sister might read it.
The biggest   37  with blogging is that anyone can read what you write. If I was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something   38 about him in my diary, he would never know. 39  ,  if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend, that friend might   40 her blog and get angry.
There are also   41  to blogging, of course. If I was feeling sad one day and wrote in my diary, “ Nobody cares about me”, because no one would   42 about it. However, if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog, her best friends would quickly   43  and tell her how much they  44  her. Blogs help people   45 in contact with their friends and know what the people around them are doing.
小题1:
A．the sameB．interestingC．difficultD．daily
小题2:
A．simpleB．specialC．similarD．different
小题3:
A．personal lB．ordinaryC．meaningfulD．traditional
小题4:
A．attractiveB．publicC．excitingD．quick
小题5:
A．thoughtsB．puzzlesC．ideasD．secrets
小题6:
A．tellB．sh4reC．publishD．solve
小题7:
A．instead ofB．as well asC．except forD．besides
小题8:
A．blogB．diaryC．reportD．web
小题9:
A．AlthoughB．SinceC．WhenD．Because
小题10:
A．onlyB．alreadyC．stillD．never
小题11:
A．angryB．sadC．gladD．worried
小题12:
A．problemB．doubtC．questionD．mistake
小题13:
A．boringB．wrongC．meanD．funny
小题14:
A．SoB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Then
小题15:
A．stealB．breakC．writeD．read
小题16:
A．reasonsB．wishesC．shortcomingsD．advantages
小题17:
A．careB．knowC．thinkD．ask
小题18:
A．prepareB．beginC．respondD．feel
小题19:
A．likeB．missC．needD．stand
小题20:
A．loseB．stayC．leaveD．find
Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer．But there is one question that has millions of current answers．That question is “What’s your name?”. Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct．
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents．Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used．Some parents choose the name of a well-known person．A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones．
Some people give their children names that mean good things．Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names．A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road．The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest．
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations．The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals．In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village．Some other occupational names are: Carter ---- a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter ---- a person who made pots and pans．
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native villa．The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture．
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities．When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray．Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman．John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer．
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name．English-speaking people added –s or –son．The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert．Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell．
小题1:Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
A．Places where people lived.
B．People’s characters.
C．Talents that people possessed.
D．People’s occupations.
小题2:According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most
probably ____．
A．owned or drove a cart
B．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or containers
D．built houses and furniture
小题3:Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named ____．
A．Beatrice SmithB．Leonard Carter
C．George LongstreetD．Donald Greenwood
小题4:The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s ____． 
A．later generationsB．friends and relatives
C．colleagues and partnersD．later sponsors
One school night this month I walked quietly up to Alexander, my 15-year-old son, and touched his cheek gently in a manner I hoped would seem casual．A year ago he would have ignored this disturbance but now he reacted impatiently and leaned back to his computer screen．
I made a mistake: breaking into my teenager's personal space. “The average teenager has pretty strong feelings about his privacy," Lara Fox and her friend Hilary Frankel told me. Mr．Frankel and Mr．Fox, both 17, are the authors of Breaking the Code, a new book that seeks to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents．It is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers for their parents, a kind of "Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus" that explains the language and actions of teenagers．The girls dealt with issues including hanging out late, money, school pressures, smoking etc．
Personally, I welcome their opinions．The most common missteps in interacting with teenagers arise from the war between parents exercising their rights to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers firmly guarding their privacy．Teenagers can be quick to interpret their parents' remarks and respond with anger that masks their vulnerability （脆弱）. Ms Fox said, "What we want above all is your approval．Don't forget, no matter how much we act as if we don't care what you say, we believe the things you say about us．"
Nancy, a New York child-raising expert said she didn't agree with everything the authors suggested but found their arguments reasonable．"When your kids are saying, ' You don't get it, and you never will, ' there are lots of ways to respond so that they will listen and that is what the writers point out．"
" My parents helped me see that, " Mr．Fox told me, " even though they used to stay out late and ride their bicycles to school, times have changed and the way parents educate children is different．These days there is a major fear factor in bringing up kids．Parents worry about their child crossing the street．" The writers said they hoped simply to throw light on teenage thinking．
小题1:According to the two girls, teenagers nowadays are ____．
A．independentB．intelligent
C．inconsiderateD．sensitive
小题2:The underlined sentence "You don't get it, and you never will" in the 4th paragraph implies that ____．
A．the teenagers don't want/to admit their weakness
B．the teenagers think that their parents will never understand them
C．the parents do not necessarily force into the world of their children
D．the generation gap cannot be shortened despite their parents' efforts
小题3:It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that ____．
A．teenagers should guard their privacy
B．Nancy totally agrees with the two girls' opinions
C．parents are more concerned about children's safety
D．the two girls have obtained numerous support from the public
小题4:Why does the author mention the book "Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus ?
A．It is one of the best-sellers
B．It is also written by the two girls
C．The two books have the similar theme
D．The two books have different opinions
Festivals play an important role in a culture’s identity. I can’t think of a better way of appreciating a new culture than by taking part in one of its festivals. Here are some special festivals around the world.
★Boryeong Mud Festival--Boryeong, South Korea
For two weeks in July, millions gather in Boryeong to experience the grey pools and slides. What began as a way of promoting the region’s mineral-rich mud has turned into a festive party , complete with music and fireworks. While the mud is usually only available in cosmetic products, here you can cake yourself in grey as you want.
★Holi--lndia
Holi, the Festival of Colors, is a Hindu celebration full of joy and one of India’s most important holidays. During the day of the last full moon of the lunar month, usually late February or early March, the air is full of bright colored powder. The festival is celebrated differently throughout the country, but the cheerful spirit is common throughout Hindu communities around the world.
★Koninginnedag--The Netherlands
Although their current Queen’s birthday is really during the winter, the Queen still celebrates it on April 30th,the country’s official “Queen’s Day” since 1949. Orange is the national color, and the streets become a sea of feather boas（长围巾）and body paint as crowds gather in the plazas（广场）. Amsterdam is the center of this outdoor party, with many live music acts, but nearly every town is alive with orange on this day.
★National Elephant Day in Thailand
In Thailand, March 13 is regarded as National Elephant Day to show that the Thai elephant plays an important role in the Thai history. Thai Elephant Day has been held on an annual basis since the idea was first approved by the Thai government in 1998. Special events are held at a number of venues in northern Thailand. At the Mae Sa Elephant Camp, it has become a tradition on March 13 for the dozens of elephants there to be treated to a huge feast of fruits and sugarcane.
小题1:What we can learn from the passage is that ________.
A．Boryeong Mud Festival was originally held to advertise for their mineral resources
B．people around the world celebrate Holi differently to promote their religions
C．Koninginnedag--The Netherlands was celebrated on their current Queen’s birthday
D．it is an international custom for the Thai elephant to eat all kinds of fruits and sugarcane
小题2:What is the purpose of the festival held on March 13 in Thailand?
A．To call on people to protect these endangered elephants.
B．To give the Thai elephant a chance to eat fruits and sugarcane.
C．To stress the importance of the elephant in the Thai history.
D．To help people relax themselves by feeding the Thai elephant.
小题3:You can experience the Festival of Colors in _______.
A．South KoreaB．ThailandC．the NetherlandsD．India
小题4:What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To tell people how to enjoy and relax themselves.
B．To introduce some unique festivals around the world.
C．To get people to celebrate different kinds of customs.
D．To show the importance of celebrating different festivals.
When Christopher Columbus landed on a land without name in 1502, he saw many Indians wearing gold earrings. So he thought the land must be rich in gold. He named the place Costa Rica, which means “rich coast” in Spanish.
Though little gold was found, Costa Rica today is indeed rich with coffee and bananas. Coffee is the most important product in Costa Rica and most of it is exported  to other countries like America and West Germany. Bananas are the country’s second most important export.
Costa Ricans also grow many other crops such as fruits, corn and beans for their own use. Costa Ricans love colors and their houses are painted in bright colors.
Education is very important to the Costa Ricans. Almost every village has a school and education is a must for children between seven and fourteen years of age. Boys and girls go to separate  schools. Classes begin in March and end in November. The other three months of the year are harvest time and the children have to help their parents to pick coffee beans.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．How Columbus found Costa Rica.B．How Costa Rica got its name.
C．What the Costa Ricans wore.D．What language the Costa Ricans spoke.
小题2:The Costa Ricans may NOT paint their houses ______.
A．pink and redB．grey and blackC．blue and greenD．yellow and orange
小题3:In Costa Rica, boys and girls between seven and fourteen ______.
A．must go to school B．study in the same school
C．do not have to go to school at allD．can choose to stop schooling at any time
小题4:From December to February, school children in Costa Rica ______.
A．have lessons every dayB．have their examinations
C．help their parents pick coffee beansD．help their parents decorate their houses
小题5:This passage is mainly about ______.
A．Christopher ColumbusB．Costa Rica
C．some products from Costa RicaD．the education of Costa Rica

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