题目内容

Tod has taken all possible means to find a job. He knows that _____.

[ ]

A. out of work causes poverty
B. Being out of work causes poor
C. out of work causes poor
D. being out of work causes poverty

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Growing up is not always easy. When facing difficulties, courage and a spirit of independence can be more useful than crying for __36___! That’s what Hong Zhanhui’s story of__37__ boy to man with family hardships tells us.
Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County, Henan Province. When he was ___38___ 11, his father became mentally ill and one day came back with an abandoned baby girl. A year later, Hong’s mother and younger brother both ___39__home because of poverty and pressure from his sick father.
Their burdens fell onto the 12-year-old’s shoulders: to treat his father’s illness, to ___40___ the adopted sister Chenchen, and to go on to study.
Hong didn’t __41___ . Since a young age, he has worked in part-time jobs to feed his family. At the same time, he has studied at college. To take care of Chenchen , he worked hard to___42__a room near his campus for her, and send her to school.
After Hong’s story went public, people were ___43___to tears by his unselfishness. Hard __44__ his life was, Hong didn’t abandon his father and the adopted ___45__, because they needed his help. With his hard-won money, he even aided other students ___46__against misfortunes.
Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Hong’s deeds ___47__ us of what we usually neglect: Love and care for others. Without these, ___48___ of us could survive.
Hong ___49__ donations from others. He said that he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could ___50__ his own work. Short of money to buy food, the boy climbed tall trees to get birds’ eggs for his baby sister. He walked two hours at weekends to buy different things to ___51__ around his school to earn money. Through his hard life, the boy developed ___52___ against misfortune that made him a hero in people’s eyes.
Hong’s story shows that with love and willpower, no hardship can ___53__ a person but himself. So when facing difficulties, don’t ___54__ about bad luck. Consider what more you could do for your family and society ___55___ you’ll find the world smiling back.

【小题2】A caring B. growing C. moving D. turning

It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering students were talking about the exam that was going to begin in a few 36 . On their faces was confidence . This was their last exam — then on to 37 and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 38 get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 39 of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) 40 task. The professor had said they could bring 41 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not 42 each other, during the test.
43 they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles 44 on the students’ faces as they noted(注意到) there were only five essay-type questions.
Three hours had passed 45 the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the 46 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completed all five questions?” 47 a hand was raised.
“How many answered four?” Still no hands.
“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly （不安地,慌张地）in their seats.
“One, then? Certainly somebody finished 48 .”But the class remained silent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 49 ,” he said. “I just want to impress upon you that, 50 you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the 51 you don’t know. These questions you couldn’t answer are relatively(相对地,相当地) 52 in everyday practice. ” Then smiling, he added, “You will all 53 this course, but remember — even though you are now college graduates, your education has just 54 .”
The years have 55 the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.

Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon, great, little. What do these words mean?Such verbal expression is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question.
We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance, a subject is told “There are many trees in the park” and is asked to say what number the word many mean to him. Or a child is invited to take “some” sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give “some” sweets to another child.
First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 percent chance; “is likely to”, about a 60 percent chance; “probably will” about 55 percent.
Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. Thus, if we tell a subject to take “a few” or “ a lot of” glass balls from a box, he will take more if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number. But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total.
Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.
【小题1】 What’s the right attitude towards the words like probably, many, soon?

A．They are inaccurate and we should avoid them.

B．They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.

C．They should be criticized because there are too many of them.

D．Their value is not yet clear since we don’t know their meaning.

【小题2】 Why do we do experiments with the words “many” and “some”?

A．To prove people are insensitive to these words.

B．To prove the words dominate our everyday speech.

C．To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.

D．To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.

【小题3】 Which of the expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?

【小题4】 Which of the following will least definitely influence the number of items a kid takes out of a box when he is invited to take “some”?

A．Whether the quantity of items is large or small.

B．Whether the items are candies or toys.

C．Whether the kid is a toddler or a youngster.

D．Whether the kid is alone or accompanied by other children.

【小题5】 What will tell us about the intelligence of a child?

A．The consistency of picking up a certain glass ball.

B．How many glass balls he will take when he’s asked to.

C．The difference between a lot and a few when he takes glass balls.

D．Whether there are marked changes in his first pick and second one.

The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.
　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
【小题1】What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?