题目内容

书面表达

假定你是英国学生Peter，在北京一中学习，于5月1日给朋友Mary写信，谈论北京与伦敦的异同。内容如下：

【写作要求】

1．文章必须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条翻译，可适当发挥使短文连贯；

2．字数：80-100词，信的开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

3．参考词汇：convenient 方便的

Dear Mary:

I am writing to tell you something different between London and Beijing． .

.

.

That’s all for today．Please write to me．

Yours lovely,

Peter

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NASA is developing the capabilities needed to send humans to an asteroid（小行星）by 2025 and then Mars in the 2030s—goals outlined in NASA’s official documents 2014．

Mars is a rich destination tor scientific discovery and robotic and human exploration as we expand our presence into the solar system．Future exploration could uncover evidence of life，answering one of the fundamental mysteries：Does life exist beyond Earth?

While robotic explorers have studied Mars for more than 40 years，NASA’s path for the human exploration of Mars begins in low-Earth orbit aboard the International Space Station．Astronauts on the orbiting laboratory are helping us prove many of the technologies and communications systems needed for human missions（任务）to deep space，including Mars．The space station also advances our understanding of how the body changes in space and how to protect astronaut health．

Our next step is deep space，where NASA will send a robotic mission to catch and redirect an asteroid to orbit the moon．Astronauts aboard the Orion spacecraft will explore the asteroid in the 2020s，returning to Earth with samples．This experience in human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will help NASA test new systems，which we’ll need to send cargo（货物）as part of human missions to Mars．Beginning in FY 2018，NASA’s powerfull Space Launch System（SLS）rocket will enable these "proving ground" missions to test new technologies．Human missions to Mars will rely on Orion and an evolved version of SLS that will be the most powerful launch vehicle ever flown。

A lot of robotic spacecraft and rovers（探测器）already are on and around Mars，greatly increasing our knowledge about the Red Planet and paving the way of future human explorers．The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover measured radiation on the way to Mars and is sending back radiation data from the surface．This data will help us plan how to protect the astronauts who will explore Mars．Future missions like the Mars 2020 rover，seeking signs of past life，also will demonstrate new technologies that could help astronauts survive on Mars．

Engineers and scientists around the country are working hard to develop the technologies astronauts will use to one day live and work on Mars，and safely return home from the next giant leap for humanity．NASA also is a leader in a Global Exploration Roadmap，working with international partners and the U．S．commercial space industry with human missions to the surface of Mars as the driving goal．

1.It can be learnt from the first three paragraphs that .

A．Mars is the perfect place for scientific discovery and human settlement

B．astronauts’physical changes in the space station should be recorded

C．NASA intends to send robotic explorers and humans to Mars in 2025

D．astronauts in the space station are testing technologies for better life on the Earth

2.The Orion Spacecraft_________.

A．will send cargo to Mars

B．was built to explore low-earth orbit

C．needs SLS rocket to finish its mission

D．will bring back samples of an asteroid

3.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A．the U.S．commercial space industry is a leader in exploration to Mars．

B．Many protective measures are needed when exploring Mars．

C．NASA is an agency that plans to explore Mars in secret．

D．Curiosity rover is the first rover to be sent to Mars．

4.Which can be the best title of this passage?

A．Future life on Mars

B．Research for the Solar System

C．NASA’s Journey to Mars

D．Exploration of life Beyond Earth

Facebook is a place where you can share _________is going on in your life with friends.

A. how B. whether C. who D. what

Two ______ of the earth’s surface ______ water.

A．third; isB．thirds; is

C．third; areD．thirds; are

完型填空

Footracing(竞走)is a popular activity in the United States. It is not only seen as a competitive sport, but also as a________ to exercise. Though ________ runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers ________ not train at all. ________ not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time, or ________ to enjoy the fun and exercise. People of all ________ , from those less than one year old to those in their 80s, ________ into this sport. The races are held on city streets, on college campuses, ________ parks, and in suburban areas, and commonly 5 to 1 0 kilometers in ________ .

The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometer Bay to Breakers ________ that is held in San Francisco every spring. This race ________ on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the ________ side at the Pacific Ocean. In 1993 there were 80,000 people ________ in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco. In the ________ are the serious runners who compete to win, and ________might finish in as little as 34 minutes. Behind them ________ the thousands who take several hours to finish. In the back of the race are those who wear various clothing just for ________ . There was a group of firefighters who were all ________ in a long line and were carrying a fire—hose(消防水龙带). One year there was a wedding ________ , in which the bride dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo(晚礼服). They________ flowers to by-standers, and were actually married at some point along the route.

1.A. plan B. design C. approach D. way

2.A. serious B. amateur C. famous D. ordinary

3.A. must B. could C. might D. should

4.A. Others B. These C. Those D. Ones

5.A. finally B. simply C. partly D. certainly

6.A. ages B. walks C. sorts D. nations

7.A. turn B. look C. break D. enter

8.A. across B. over C. through D. on

9.A. size B. length C. depth D. height

10.A. race B. city C. ground D. ceremony

11.A. holds B. goes C. begins D. carries

12.A. north B. south C. east D. west

13.A. singing B. helping C. watching D. running

14.A. beginning B. front C. course D. process

15.A. who B. what C. which D. as

16.A. stay B. fall C. are D. is

17.A. fun B. medal C. win D. prize

18.A. wrapped B. followed C. separated D. tied

19.A. dinner B. party C. day D. invitation

20.A. sold B. presented C. threw D. donated

When I was a child, I often dreamed of the time when I could leave home and escape to the city．We lived on a farm, in the winter especially, we were quite cut off from the outside world．As soon as I left school, I packed my bags and moved to the capital．However, I soon discovered that city life has its problems, too．

One big disadvantage is money．It costs so much to go out, not to mention basics like food and housing．Another disadvantage is pollution．I suffer from asthma(哮喘), and at times the air is so bad that I am afraid to go outside．Then there is the problem of traveling round．Although I have a car, I seldom use it because of the traffic jams．One choice is to go by bicycle, but that can be quite dangerous．

Of course there are advantages．First, there is so much to do in the city, whatever your tastes in culture or entertainment(娱乐活动)．Besides, there are wonderful jobs and greater chances of moving to a more important job or position．Finally, if you like shopping, the variety of goods is very surprising——and, what is more, shops are often only a short walk away．

Is life better then, in the city? Perhaps it is, when you are in your teens or twenties．However, as you get older, and especially if you have small children, the peace of the countryside may seem preferable．I certainly hope to move back there soon．

1.What was the writer always thinking about when he was a child?

A．Staying on the farm．

B．Moving to the countryside.

C．Leaving home for the city．

D．Running away from the school.

2.Which of the following is true about the writer?

A．He is very old now．

B．He is in good health.

C．He prefers driving a car．

D．He lives in the city now.

3.In the passage, the writer tries to __________.

A．express his opinions about way of life

B．describe his life in the countryside

C．an interest in the outside world

D．persuade the reader to live in the city

4.How is the passage mainly developed?

A．By inferring．

B．By comparing．

C．By listing examples．

D．By giving explanations.

完形填空（共1小题）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Once a young man, a horse trainer’s son, was dreaming of owning a horse ranch(养马场) of his own though his family wasn’t rich．

When he was a senior, he was asked to write a _________ about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up．That night he wrote a seven-page paper_________ his goal．He wrote it in great _________ and he even drew a_________ of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables(马厩) and the track．But two days later he _________ his paper back with a large red _________ on the front page and a note that reads, “See me after _________．”

The boy with the _________ went to see the teacher after class and asked, “Why did I get an F?” The teacher said, “This is an unrealistic dream for a _________ young boy like you．You come from a family with no resources．Owning a horse ranch _________ lot of money．There’s no _________you could ever do it．” Then the teacher added, “If you will _________ this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade．”

The boy went home and __________ about it long and hard．He asked his _________ what he should do．His father said, “Look, son, you have to ________ your own mind on this．However, I think it is a very important ________ for you．” Finally, the boy turned in the same paper making no ____________ at all．He stated, “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my dream．” Years later, the boy ________ his dream．

Later, his teacher admitted when seeing his ranch, “When I was your teacher, I was something of a dream ________．During those years I stole a lot of kids’ dreams．Fortunately you had enough gumption(进取心) not to __________ yours．”

1.A．novel B．Poem C．paper D．letter

2.A．reminding B．describing C．seeking D．recognizing

3.A．detail B．total C．need D．time

4.A．line B．signal C．sign D．picture

5.A．received B．posted C．accepted D．brought

6.A．C B．D C．E D．F

7.A．all B．noon C．school D．class

8.A．dream B．tears C．ranch D．pride

9.A．rich B．clever C．poor D．kind

10.A．earns B．requires C．wastes D．collects

11.A．point B．way C．use D．idea

12.A．report B．explain C．excuse D．rewrite

13.A．wrote B．thought C．complained D．laughed

14.A．mother B．teacher C．father D．friend

15.A．make up B．look up C．pick up D．close up

16.A．work B．reason C．mind D．decision

17.A．changes B．excuses C．corrections D．marks

18.A．doubted B．realized C．improved D．dreamed

19.A．maker B．helper C．stealer D．robber

20.A．step down into B．keep up with C．look down upon D．give up on

Dear Textual Healing,

I would be very interested in your recommendations for any books to help me through a difficult time of my life. At 57, f am feeling a bit lost. I have a wonderful, loving husband and bright, caring teenage daughter but I am lonely and have lost my spark for life.

I have always taken care of everyone and managed a career, but, after the death of my father this summer, my difficulties as a child in a terribly abnormal family have come back to me regularly. / have become unfocused and often alone while my husband is away frequently on business and my daughter busy with school and friends.

I am seeking the help of a therapist and taking care of myself but I would love to read something to help me “get my groove (理想状况）back” and reengage with life.

PC

Dear PC,

From the letter you’ve given us about your life, it’s no wonder you’re feeling a little lost. But before prescribing titles to help you get your groove back, I’d recommend taking a journey into Rebecca Solnit’s non-fiction book, A Field Guide to Getting Lost, which is packed with the wisdom of everyone from Pat Barker to Thoreau and Keats.

The word lost is rooted in the Old Norse “los”，meaning the disbanding of an army. “This origin suggests soldiers falling out of formation to go home, ceasing fighting with the wide world. I worry now that many people never disband their armies, never go beyond what they know,” Solnit writes. So instead of fearing that lost feeling, try seeing its potential for discovery. Explorers, remember, are always lost simply because they’re forever someplace new.

“Leave the door open for the unknown, the door into the dark,” Solnit advises. “That’s where the most important things come from, where you yourself came from, and where you will go.”

For something that asks a little less of the reader while still giving plenty in return, try a dose (―剂）of Anne Tyler, the beloved creator of numerous heroes whose serious conditions will move anyone who finds themselves in a midlife difficult situation. One such character is 53-year-old Rebecca Davitch, the heroine of Back When We Were Grownups. Like you, she’s combined marriage and motherhood with a career but suddenly finds herself feeling lonely in her own home. Could it be, she wonders, that she’s “turned into the wrong person"? Don't be fooled by the way this novel ambles along — as Rebecca revisits youthful ambitions and the college boyfriend she abandoned, it asks some heart-rending questions before arriving at a place of graceful, joyous acceptance.

Along similar lines, I'm also going to recommend The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry by Rachel Joyce. Its hero is 65 when he learns that a former colleague sick. On his way to post her a note，he decides instead to visit her— on foot, from his home in deepest Devon to England's northernmost town, more than 600 miles away. You don’t manage that without focus! It’s a journey to a holy place that will take him 87 days to complete, during which he considers his childhood, marriage and relationship with his son, and becomes an accidental media sensation (轰动). By the time he reaches his destination, you’ll feel anything but tired.

Finally, Ruth Ozeki’s novel A Tale for the Time Being will charm the missing spark back into your life. Combining the diary of a sad Tokyo teenager with the story of the middle-aged novelist who finds it, washed ashore on a remote island off the coast of British Columbia, it’s a beautiful illustration of how our lives touch — and are touched by — others in ways we mightn't even be aware of. This Man Booker Prize finalist has plenty to teach about Zen Buddhism, and unless you happen to live in one of its settings, it provides a bracing change of scene, too.

One other suggestion: books, as we all know, make great companions but that doesn't mean they can’t be enjoyed in the company of others. If you find yourself home alone, why not slip one into your back pack and head out to a favourite café.

1.What has mainly led to PC’s negative attitude to life?

A. The lack of helpful books.

B. The blow of her father’s death.

C. The contrast between her devotion to others and her being ignored.

D. The contrast between her easy life and her family members busy life.

2.By mentioning the origin of the word lost, Textual Healing implies that__________.

A. PC should extend her knowledge by reading more

B. PC should stop struggling with anyone around her

C. PC had better try to avoid going someplace new

D. PC oughtn’t to be trapped in her present situation

3.Who clarifies the idea in his/her work that people are socially related?

A. Rebecca Solnit.

B. Anne Tyler.

C. Rachel Joyce.

D. Ruth 0zeki.

4.The character Rebecca Davitch is mentioned by Textual Healing because her experience is__________.

A. typical B. persuasive

C. enjoyable D. extraordinary

5.Which of the following can be the proper title?

A. Which books will cure loneliness?

B. How can you get rid of loneliness?

C. Here are good examples for you

D. Books will keep you busy and healthy

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Pool Safety Tips for Kids

On a hot summer day, there are few things that are more appealing than a nice cool pool.1. And it is completely relaxing. Of course, if you have children, there are certain safety measures you should take, whether you have a pool in your backyard or are going to a public pool.

Go swimming together. No person should ever swim alone. Though many people do, the simple truth is that it only takes a second to become injured or drown.2.Having someone there with you can make the difference between life and death. This is especially true for young children. If your child is under the age of 5, you should never allow them to swim out of arm’s length.

3.Kids love to chase one another through the water. But it is important that you emphasize to your children that at no time should they be running around the pool or pushing anyone. In the water, teach children not to jump on top of one another and to watch their surroundings, so that they do not accidentally knock into others, injuring them. Playing around in the pool is very interesting but dangerous.

Keep it locked. If you own a pool, you must have a locking gate around your pool. 4.Keep the gate locked at all times, even when you are physically in the pool. It is terrible for children to steal into the pool.

Know the way out.5.Make sure that they know where all ladders are, and that you teach them to use them for entering and exiting the pool safely. Although your child may be able to lift herself or himself out of the pool using the side, that is not the safest way to go.

Don’t play around in the pool.

Be sure to show all children the proper way to exit the pool.

Swimming under water is forbidden in the poor.

This is to prevent children from entering the pool without your permission.

Slipping into the water seems like the perfect way to deal with the heat.

Something sad happens every year.

Make sure kids know food should be eaten either before or after swimming.

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