Do more physical exercises and you will be healthy again. A.That's a good suggestion.B.You are too early to say that.C.That's good. How about you then?D.I have no idea at all. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。

　　When your parents advise you to“get an education”in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.

　　Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school.

　　Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you are on the launching pad (火箭发射台). But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an MBA, which is to bring you returns.

　　Do you know, for example, that truck drivers earn more per year than full professor? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24,000, while the full professors managed to earn just $23,030.

　　A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you seek such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph.D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.

　　If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or political science or languages or worst of all--in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

　　Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater(穷乡僻壤的) college that pays much less than the doorkeeper earns.

　　You can consider the level of income to be equal to the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product (GNP), but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

1．According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _____.

[　　]

A．will not be a disgrace to society

B．will become loyal citizens

C．can take care of themselves

D．can meet the nation's demands as a source of manpower

2．Many Ph.D. s are out of job because _____.

[　　]

A．they are improperly educated

B．they are of little commercial value to their society

C．there are fewer jobs in high schools

D．they prefer easier jobs that make more money

3．Which of the following is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Bernard Shaw didn't finish high schools, nor did Edison.

B．One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.

C．The higher your education level is, the more money you will earn.

D．If you are too well-educated, you may be overeducated for society's demands.

4．The nation is only interested in people _____.

[　　]

A．with diplomas

B．who specialize in physics and chemistry

C．who are valuable to the gross national product

D．who have got doctor's degree

Ocean Acidification: 'Evil Twin' Threatens World's Oceans
The rise in human emissions of carbon dioxide is driving dangerous changes in the chemistry and ecosystems of the world's oceans, international marine（海洋的）scientists have warned. "Ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years," says the latest issue of the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution. "This emphasizes the urgent need to adopt policies that markedly reduce CO2 emissions."
Ocean acidification, which the researchers call the 'evil twin of global warming', is caused when the CO2 emitted by human activity, mainly burning fossil fuels, dissolves into the oceans. It is happening independently of, but in combination with, global warming. Evidence gathered by scientists over the last few years suggests that ocean acidification could represent an equal -- or perhaps even greater threat -- to the biology of our planet than global warming. More than 30% of the CO2 released from burning fossil fuels, cement production, deforestation and other human activities goes straight into the oceans, turning them gradually more acidic.
"The resulting acidification will impact many forms of sea life, especially organisms whose shells or skeletons are made from calcium carbonate（碳化钙）, like corals and shellfish. It may interfere with the reproduction of plankton species which are a vital part of the food web on which fish and all other sea life depend," he adds.
The scientists say there is now persuasive evidence that mass extinctions in past Earth history, like the "Great Dying" of 251 million years ago and another wipeout 55 million years ago, were accompanied by ocean acidification, which may have delivered the deathblow to many species that were unable to cope with it. "These past periods can serve as great lessons of what we can expect in the future, if we continue to push the acidity the ocean even further" said lead author, Dr. Carles Pelejero, from ICREA and the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Barcelona, Spain. "Given the impacts we see in the fossil record, there is no question about the need to immediately reduce the rate at which we are emitting carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," he said further.
"Today, the surface waters of the oceans have already acidified by an average of 0.1 pH units from pre-industrial levels, and we are seeing signs of its impact even in the deep oceans," said co-author Dr. Eva Calvo, from the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Spain. "Future acidification depends on how much CO2 humans emit from here on -- but by the year 2100 various projections indicate that the oceans will have acidified by a further 0.3 to 0.4 pH units, which is more than many organisms like corals can stand," Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says.
"This will create conditions not seen on Earth for at least 40 million years."
"These changes are taking place at rates as much as 100 times faster than they ever have over the last tens of millions of years" Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says. Besides directly impacting on the fishing industry and its contribution to the human food supply at a time when global food demand is doubling, a major die-off in the oceans would affect birds and many land species and change the biology of Earth as a whole profoundly, Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg adds.
67. What is the biggest cause of the ocean acidification according to the report?
A. the increase of carbon dioxide emission by human beings
B. The worsening of global warming
C. The disappearance of the world’s forests
D. The decrease of marine life
68. In what way according to the report does ocean acidification affect the majority of marine life?
A. It affects their reproduction          B. It destroys their food chain
C. It affects the growth of their young    D. destroys their habitats
69. Which of the following statements is NOT true about ocean acidification?
A. Ocean acidification has made ocean conditions most extreme in millions of years.
B. Ocean acidification may do more damage than global warming to human and plant life in the long run.
C. Ocean acidification is suspected of having caused mass extinctions of life in past Earth history.
D. The effects of ocean acidification are not now but will be felt in the foreseeable future.
70. From the report we can clearly feel that the situation with ocean acidification __________.
A. is quite optimistic                B. remains well under control
C. looks more than urgent            D. is already out of control

Ocean Acidification: 'Evil Twin' Threatens World's Oceans

The rise in human emissions of carbon dioxide is driving dangerous changes in the chemistry and ecosystems of the world's oceans, international marine（海洋的）scientists have warned. "Ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years," says the latest issue of the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution. "This emphasizes the urgent need to adopt policies that markedly reduce CO2 emissions."

Ocean acidification, which the researchers call the 'evil twin of global warming', is caused when the CO2 emitted by human activity, mainly burning fossil fuels, dissolves into the oceans. It is happening independently of, but in combination with, global warming. Evidence gathered by scientists over the last few years suggests that ocean acidification could represent an equal -- or perhaps even greater threat -- to the biology of our planet than global warming. More than 30% of the CO2 released from burning fossil fuels, cement production, deforestation and other human activities goes straight into the oceans, turning them gradually more acidic.

"The resulting acidification will impact many forms of sea life, especially organisms whose shells or skeletons are made from calcium carbonate（碳化钙）, like corals and shellfish. It may interfere with the reproduction of plankton species which are a vital part of the food web on which fish and all other sea life depend," he adds.

The scientists say there is now persuasive evidence that mass extinctions in past Earth history, like the "Great Dying" of 251 million years ago and another wipeout 55 million years ago, were accompanied by ocean acidification, which may have delivered the deathblow to many species that were unable to cope with it. "These past periods can serve as great lessons of what we can expect in the future, if we continue to push the acidity the ocean even further" said lead author, Dr. Carles Pelejero, from ICREA and the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Barcelona, Spain. "Given the impacts we see in the fossil record, there is no question about the need to immediately reduce the rate at which we are emitting carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," he said further.

"Today, the surface waters of the oceans have already acidified by an average of 0.1 pH units from pre-industrial levels, and we are seeing signs of its impact even in the deep oceans," said co-author Dr. Eva Calvo, from the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Spain. "Future acidification depends on how much CO2 humans emit from here on -- but by the year 2100 various projections indicate that the oceans will have acidified by a further 0.3 to 0.4 pH units, which is more than many organisms like corals can stand," Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says.

"This will create conditions not seen on Earth for at least 40 million years."

"These changes are taking place at rates as much as 100 times faster than they ever have over the last tens of millions of years" Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says. Besides directly impacting on the fishing industry and its contribution to the human food supply at a time when global food demand is doubling, a major die-off in the oceans would affect birds and many land species and change the biology of Earth as a whole profoundly, Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg adds.

1.What is the biggest cause of the ocean acidification according to the report?

A. the increase of carbon dioxide emission by human beings

B. The worsening of global warming

C. The disappearance of the world’s forests

D. The decrease of marine life

2.In what way according to the report does ocean acidification affect the majority of marine life?

A. It affects their reproduction B. It destroys their food chain

C. It affects the growth of their young D. destroys their habitats

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true about ocean acidification?

A. Ocean acidification has made ocean conditions most extreme in millions of years.

B. Ocean acidification may do more damage than global warming to human and plant life in the long run.

C. Ocean acidification is suspected of having caused mass extinctions of life in past Earth history.

D. The effects of ocean acidification are not now but will be felt in the foreseeable future.

4.From the report we can clearly feel that the situation with ocean acidification __________.

A. is quite optimistic B. remains well under control

C. looks more than urgent D. is already out of control

When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment（尴尬）to your society.

Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison or Albert Einstein, and you can successfully dropout in primary school.

Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you are on the launching pad（发射台）.But now you have to put on the brakes（刹车）. If you go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an M. B.A.

Do you know, for instance, that long-distance truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes ,the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24,000 while the full professors managed to earn just $ 23,030.

A Ph. O. is the highest degree you can get .Except for a few specialized Fields such as physics of chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you work for such a degree in any other field, you will face a dark future .There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.

If you become a Ph. D. in English or history or anthropology or political science or language or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming over—educated for our national demands .Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables, and endless filling out applications month after month .They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the street cleaner earns.

You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far .Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the total value of national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

1．According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who .

A．will not be a shame to society B．will become loyal citizens

C．can take care of themselves D．can meet the nation’s needs

2．Many Ph. D. s are out of job because .

A．they are improperly educated in schools

B．they are of little commercial value to their society

C．there are fewer jobs in high schools and colleges

D．they prefer easier jobs that make more money

3．According to the passage, degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes.

A．philosophy B．chemistry C．history D．anthropology

4．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

A．Bernard Shaw finished high school, but Edison didn’t.

B．The higher your education level, the more money you will earn.

C．One must think carefully before working for a master degree.

D．The more you are educated, the more you’ll be fit for society’s demands.

Ocean Acidification: 'Evil Twin' Threatens World's Oceans

The rise in human emissions of carbon dioxide is driving dangerous changes in the chemistry and ecosystems of the world's oceans, international marine（海洋的）scientists have warned. "Ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years," says the latest issue of the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution. "This emphasizes the urgent need to adopt policies that markedly reduce CO2 emissions."

Ocean acidification, which the researchers call the 'evil twin of global warming', is caused when the CO2 emitted by human activity, mainly burning fossil fuels, dissolves into the oceans. It is happening independently of, but in combination with, global warming. Evidence gathered by scientists over the last few years suggests that ocean acidification could represent an equal -- or perhaps even greater threat -- to the biology of our planet than global warming. More than 30% of the CO2 released from burning fossil fuels, cement production, deforestation and other human activities goes straight into the oceans, turning them gradually more acidic.

"The resulting acidification will impact many forms of sea life, especially organisms whose shells or skeletons are made from calcium carbonate（碳化钙）, like corals and shellfish. It may interfere with the reproduction of plankton species which are a vital part of the food web on which fish and all other sea life depend," he adds.

The scientists say there is now persuasive evidence that mass extinctions in past Earth history, like the "Great Dying" of 251 million years ago and another wipeout 55 million years ago, were accompanied by ocean acidification, which may have delivered the deathblow to many species that were unable to cope with it. "These past periods can serve as great lessons of what we can expect in the future, if we continue to push the acidity the ocean even further" said lead author, Dr. Carles Pelejero, from ICREA and the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Barcelona, Spain. "Given the impacts we see in the fossil record, there is no question about the need to immediately reduce the rate at which we are emitting carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," he said further.

"Today, the surface waters of the oceans have already acidified by an average of 0.1 pH units from pre-industrial levels, and we are seeing signs of its impact even in the deep oceans," said co-author Dr. Eva Calvo, from the Marine Science Institute of CSIC in Spain. "Future acidification depends on how much CO2 humans emit from here on -- but by the year 2100 various projections indicate that the oceans will have acidified by a further 0.3 to 0.4 pH units, which is more than many organisms like corals can stand," Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says.

"This will create conditions not seen on Earth for at least 40 million years."

"These changes are taking place at rates as much as 100 times faster than they ever have over the last tens of millions of years" Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg says. Besides directly impacting on the fishing industry and its contribution to the human food supply at a time when global food demand is doubling, a major die-off in the oceans would affect birds and many land species and change the biology of Earth as a whole profoundly, Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg adds.

67. What is the biggest cause of the ocean acidification according to the report?

A. the increase of carbon dioxide emission by human beings

B. The worsening of global warming

C. The disappearance of the world’s forests

D. The decrease of marine life

68. In what way according to the report does ocean acidification affect the majority of marine life?

A. It affects their reproduction B. It destroys their food chain

C. It affects the growth of their young D. destroys their habitats

69. Which of the following statements is NOT true about ocean acidification?

A. Ocean acidification has made ocean conditions most extreme in millions of years.

B. Ocean acidification may do more damage than global warming to human and plant life in the long run.

C. Ocean acidification is suspected of having caused mass extinctions of life in past Earth history.

D. The effects of ocean acidification are not now but will be felt in the foreseeable future.

70. From the report we can clearly feel that the situation with ocean acidification __________.

A. is quite optimistic B. remains well under control

C. looks more than urgent D. is already out of control

Do more physical exercises and you will be healthy again. ________

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