Question

【题目】 Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.

Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian (两栖动物) diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

【1】By using e-DNA, Caren Goldberg has ________.

A.succeeded in catching many fishes.

B.found the existence of golden treefrogs.

C.documented the spread of softshell turtles.

D.proved the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho.

【2】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Robots will replace scientists soon.

B.Some scientists are against using e-DNA.

C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.

D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.

【3】The passage can be sorted as a(n) ________.

A.science fictionB.experiment report

C.science reportD.bio-diversity discovery

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了科学界一项新的采样技术，即环境DNA，这项技术可以利用一点空气或水识别罕见的外来入侵物种或研究生物的多样性。本文介绍了这项技术的三个方面：主要用途；生物学家Caren Goldberg对它的评价；它正在世界各地流行起来。

【1】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho.可知，戈德伯格女士利用e-DNA检测证实了美国爱达荷州当地豹蛙的灭绝。故选D项。

【2】推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.可知，从事这项技术的科学家不希望机器人在短期内取代野外生物学家。但是很快，老式的实地调查可能会成为针对目标。由此可以推断出，老式的实地调查可能会消失。故选C项。

【3】推理判断题。由第一段But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.可知，在地球上，通过一种名为环境DNA的新采样技术，科幻小说正在变成现实。科学家可以用它来鉴定稀有物种，或者用少量的空气或水来估计鱼类的数量。由此可推断出，本文不是科幻小说，而是一篇科学报道。故选C项。

推断题定义：在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。出现特征：在考题中经常出现的词有infer，imply，indicate，conclude，learn from，probably，most likely，prove /according to等。如第2小题问的是从最后一段可推断出什么，根据最后一段可知“从事这项技术的科学家不希望机器人在短期内取代野外生物学家”，因此A项不正确；B项、D项并未被提及；最后一句提到“但是很快，老式的实地调查可能会成为针对目标”，我们可以推断出老式的实地调查可能会消失。故选C项。