题目内容

  Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping (浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle (脆) —that is , it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other materials, such as glass.
小题1: Annealing can make metal      
A．hard and tough (韧).B．hard but brittle.
C．soft but tough.D．soft and brittle.
小题2:Why do people put hot metal in water?
A．To make it hard.B．To make it soft.
C．To make it cool.D．To make it brittle.
小题3:As suggested by the text, how can glass be made less brittle?
A．It can be heated and then cooled quickly.
B．It can be cooled and then heated slowly.
C．It can be heated and then cooled slowly.
D．It can be cooled and then heated quickly.
CAC
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The idea about the phoenix goes back to Ancient Egypt, where we find the phoenix described as a handsome, eagle-like bird, with part-golden, part-red plumage, that spent most of its life in the Arabian deserts. It was rarely seen and according to one version of the story, only appeared in Egypt once every five hundred years, when it flew to Heliopolis, “city of the sun”, and deliberately burnt itself to ashes by settling on the altar (祭坛) flame there! However, it seems it did not really die because from those same ashes a young, fully formed phoenix was born and flew away, apparently back to Arabia.
It is pretty obvious that no one has ever seen or will see a living phoenix. The interesting thing is that we can find certain clues which may explain one aspect of the Egyptians’ idea. It may sound unbelievable, but some birds are apparently quite charmed by flames and small fires, especially members of the crow family. One zoologist actually proved this by setting fire to some straw near to a tame（驯养的）rook, a large black bird like a crow. Far from becoming nervous and backing away, the bird deliberately stood over the flames, with raised and vibrating wings. It didn’t get burnt, but the image it presented by its strange behavior was almost exactly like that shown in illustrations of the mythical phoenix!
Why birds should occasionally behave in this strange way is not clear. One idea is that they carefully use the heat of the flames to relieve the annoyance caused by their feather mites (虱) which all birds have. Whatever the reason, it is quite possible that the Ancient Egyptians saw birds behaving in this way, from time to time, and used it as the basis of their phoenix myth, adding fanciful details which closely linked it to their worship of the sun and their belief in resurrection.
Nowadays, the phoenix is much less important to us than it was to the Egyptians. But the logo of modern fire insurance companies, which employ the phoenix as one of their symbols, refers that in one sense the idea of it remains.  
小题1: According to the passage, the phoenix _________ .
A．is a handsome and eagle-like bird living in Arab
B．used to be seen when the Egyptians held religious activities
C．has never really existed in the world
D．is the king of all kinds of birds
小题2: The reason why birds stand above flames is probably that _________ .
A．the phoenix used to do soB．they may get rid of the mites
C．they want to burn their feather D．they can heat themselves
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A．The ancient Egyptians worshiped the phoenix.
B．The scientists have discovered why birds are attracted by fire.
C．The modern people still favor the idea of the phoenix.
D．The mythical tales about the phoenix were based on facts.
小题4:Which of the following is closest to the underlined word “resurrection” in the 3rd paragraph?
A．living foreverB．offering warmth
C．coming back to lifeD．staying healthy
小题5:What does the phoenix probably mean in the logo of a fire insurance company?
A．Our company can protect you from being harmed by fire.
B．If your property is destroyed by fire, we will help you build it up again.
C．Our company will always be energetic and wealthy.
D．If needed, we will save you at the risk of losing lives.
“Who needs a shopping mall if you have Taobao?” says Wang Lin,28,a writer in Beijing.
Taobao,China’s largest online shopping site,has become an important part of Wang Lin’s life.She spends lots of money on Taobao.
A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping .Most online shoppers are students or young workers .More women shop on line than men.Clothes and home-use products are the most popular on line.
It was reported that more than 250 billion yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.
Taobao means “looking for treasure”in Chinese.People can find almost everything they need on Taobao,from clothes to books ,from candies to DVD players .
You may question the security of online shopping ,Wang Lin said, “”It’s very safe and convenient .Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them,the shop owner will not get the money .You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”
小题1:What are  the most popular on line?
A．Candles and DVD playersB．Clothes and books.
C．Clothing and home-use products.D．Toys for children
小题2:Taobao is ____________.
A．a shopping mallB．an online shopper
C．an online shopping siteD．a clothes store
小题3:What does the underlined word “security”mean?
A．质量       B安全       C 信誉     D. 数量
小题4:.Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Wang Lin’s life.B．Online shopping in China.
C．Shopping on line is not safe.D．Shopping on line is easy
If you’re networking（建立人际关系）and nothing is happening，you might need to evaluate how you’re doing it．Maybe you show up at each event and still feel challenged by the process．You aggressively talk to people，give out your cards，call endlessly to schedule an appointment but have no real success from your efforts．To help you gain a different future，here are eight habits you should avoid.（避免）
Ineffective networkers：
1．Lack patience．They expect immediate results and want business now, not tomorrow．
2．Constantly“selling”something．They see dollar signs every time they shake hands with someone．
3．Too many choices．If they offer a variety of products，they might try too hard to tell about all of them．Offering too much infomation sends a confusing message making it difficult for people to send references．Opportunities are all around us but when you’ re networking j only focus on one．
4．Change positions too often．If they move from company to company or do something totally different，it might be difficult for people to keep up with them．
5. Lack manners and respect．They interrupt others，talk with food in their mouth，aren’t very polite and appear unprofessional．They call people during dinner or on the weekends without thinking whether the occasion is suitable．
6. Focus on themselves. Too much self-promotion can leave the other person to feel unappreciated. Every sentence begins with“I”and is all about their business．
7．“Taking”instead of“giving”．They don’t realize what other people sense when they are being very selfish．Others may think that they are being taken advantage of．
8．Poor communication and interpersonal skills．They have trouble speaking effectively，building relationships and following up．
Networking is a process that is an investment of time and money．If you find you’re doing any of these habits，consider learning how to improve on these and maximize your results while networking．You’ll start to get better at connecting with people and obtain more opportunities．
小题1:According to the text，some people didn’t succeed in networking because      .
A．they didn’t make effortsB．they didn’t behave effectively
C．they didn’t pay enough moneyD．they didn’t spend enough time
小题2:According to the second habit，we shouldn’t      when we are networking．
A．make friendsB．talk about dollars
C．shake hands with everyoneD．pay attention to money only
小题3:When talking with others，you should       .
A．give out your cards every now and then
B．talk about the quality of your product as much as possible
C．1et other people express themselves completely
D．interrupt others when they make a mistake
小题4:Which of the following is not suitable for a salesman’s behavior?
A．He offers too much self-promotion during the conversation．
B．He considers when he can get what he expects carefully．
C．He only focuses on one opportunity when networking．
D．He keeps his promises and doesn’t expect too much from others．
For many years it was common in the United States to associate Chinese Americans with restaurants and places that wash clothes. People did not realize that the Chinese had been driven into these occupations by the prejudice and discrimination that faced them in this country.
The first Chinese to reach the United States came during the California Gold Rush of 1849. Like most of the other people there，they had come to search for gold. In that largely unoccupied land， the men staked a claim (立界标表明所有权) for themselves by placing makers’ in the ground. However，either because the Chinese were so different from the others or because they worked so patiently that they sometimes succeeded in getting a mining claim to make a profit ( where others saw no way to do so) ,they became the target".Of their competi­tors. They were troubled and attacked in many ways. Often they were prevented from working their claims; some places even passed regulations forbidding them to own claims. The Chinese therefore started to seek out other ways of earning a living. Some of them began to wash clothes for the white miners; others set up small restaurants. (There were almost no women in California in those days and the Chinese filled a real need by doing this" women's work". ) Some went to work as farmhands or as fishermen.
In the early 1860's many more Chinese arrived in California. This time railroad companies brought the men in to build the first railroad line from California to the East. They were sorely needed because the work was so hard and dangerous，and it was carried on in such an isolated part of the country that the railroad company could not find other laborers for the job. As in the case of the first Chinese in America， these Chinese were almost all males; and like them，too，they encountered a great deal of prejudice. The hostility grew es­pecially strong after the railroad project was completed，and the Chinese laborers returned to California—thousands of them，all out of work
Many of today's Chinese Americans are the descendants of some of the early miners and railroad workers.
小题1: What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The first Chinese to reach the United States came during the California Gold Rush of 1849.
B．Many more Chinese arrived in California to construct the first railroad from California to the East.
C．Early Chinese immigrants to America experienced a lot of prejudice and discrimination.
D．Prejudice and discrimination that Chinese Americans met.
小题2: Why did the Chinese become the target of their competitors?
A．Because the Chinese were different and they worked patiently to achieve a lot of success while others couldn't.
B．The Chinese were so different from the others.
C．They worked so patiently with little payment
D．There were almost no women in California in those days.
小题3:What was the fate of the Chinese after the construction of the railroad?
A．They went back to their own country
B．They stayed to work in the railroad companies.
C．They went to California to search for gold.
D．The hostility grew especially strong.
小题4:What is the meaning of the word" encountered"?
A．face.B．Count. C．Enter. D．Handle.
小题5:The following statements are true EXCEPT       .
A．during the California Gold Rush of 1849，people staked a claim for themselves by placing markers in the ground
B．the first Chinese went to America because they wanted to work as farmhands or as fishermen
C．many of today's Chinese Americans are the descendants of the early miners and railroad workers
D．the Chinese were sorely needed because the work was so dangerous
  What is art? According to one definition, it is the creation of something that appeals to our sense of beauty. This definition may include painting, drawing, sculpture, and architecture, or performing arts such as music and drama. Cultural and historical influences, as well as one’s own consciousness of what is aesthetically(审美地 )pleasing, play a role in what one believes to be art. To some people, art is the description of an object--- a painting or sculpture of a person, for example. For others, art may be a blank canvas, or a piece of chalk.
In order to talk about the different artistic styles that have existed over time, art historians have classified these styles into different periods and organized them in chronological order. The works of art produced within each period mirror the culture and events of that time.
The earliest forms of art, from the prehistoric era(时代), include simple cave paintings and figures made from stone. These were followed by the sculptures and carvings of Ancient Civilizations era. Styles of the later Classical era (800 B.C. to 200 A.D.), reflect the culture of the time--- one that favored simplicity and balance. The period of the Middle Ages followed, and was succeeded by a revival（复兴） of classical styles in the Renaissance era, beginning around 1400. Well-known artists of this time include Michelangelo and da Vinci. One hundred years of Baroque style, and then fifty years of Rococo followed the 200-year Renaissance. The start of the nineteenth century saw the rise of the Premodern era, followed by the Modern era, a period that lasted until 1945. This was followed by Postmodern era that characterizes the present day.
In addition to differences in artistic styles between eras, there are also differences within each era. The Postmodern era, for example, has featured innovative（创新） artistic styles such as Pop Art ( which includes work by Andy Warhol), Minimalism, and Conceptualism. Since the 1960s, Conceptualism has grown in popularity. This style focuses more on the idea or ‘concept’ of art using realistic objects, rather than on art that is created using traditional materials such as paint, canvas, stone, or clay. Whereas Warhol used a can of beans as the basis for a painting, for example, a conceptual artist might say that the can itself is a work of art.
Conceptualism has become an increasingly controversial（有争议的） art style, particularly as result of numerous conceptual artists winning the Turner Prize. This ￡20,000 award is presented annually to a British artist under the age of fifty, in recognition of an outstanding work. Sponsored by the Tate Gallery of Britain, it is recognized as one of Europe’s most prestigious awards for visual arts. Its aim is to promote discussion about contemporary British art. In 2002, pop music icon Madonna presented the Turner Prize to conceptual artist Martin Creed.
小题1: One of the artistic styles that many people today discuss and arguing about is ______.
A．classic styleB．ConceptualismC．Pop artD．Baroque style
小题2: Which statement is NOT true according to the passage? 
A．Pop Art, Minimalism and Conceptualism are styles that developed in the Postmodern era.
B．Some of the world’s earliest art was created in caves.
C．History, culture and one’s concept of beauty affect what a person believes to be art.
D．Art historians refer to today’s artistic period as the Modern era.
小题3: According to the passage, art historians have classified these styles into ____ periods.
A．7B．8 C．10D．12
小题4:If the passage continues, the following paragraph will be probably about_________.
A．Martin Creed’s winning worksB．Madonna’s outstanding art style
C．the status of ConceptualismD．the conclusion of art
One of the most widely accepted, commonly repeated assumptions (假设) in our culture is that if you exercise, you will lose weight. I exercise all the time, but I still have got fat that hangs over my belt when I sit. Why isn’t all the exercise getting rid of it?
It’s a question many of us could ask. More than 45 million Americans now belong to a health club, up from 23 million in 1993. We spend some $19 billion a year on gym memberships. Of course, some people join and never go. Still, as one major study — the Minnesota Heart Survey — found, more of us at least say we exercise regularly.
And yet obesity (肥胖) figures have risen sharply in the same period: a third of Americans are obese, and another third count as overweight by the Federal Government’s definition. Yes, it’s entirely possible that those of us who regularly go to the gym would weigh even more if we exercised less. But like many other people, I get hungry after I exercise, so I often eat more on the days I work out than on the days I don’t. Could exercise actually be keeping me from losing weight?
The popular belief that exercise is essential for weight control is actually fairly new. As recently as the 1960s, doctors routinely advised against too much exercise, particularly for older adults who could injure themselves. Today doctors encourage even their oldest patients to exercise, which is sound advice for many reasons: People who regularly exercise are at significantly lower risk for all manner of diseases — those of the heart in particular. They less often develop cancer and many other illnesses. But the past few years of obesity research show that the role of exercise in weight loss has been wildly over-evaluated.
“In general, for weight loss, exercise is pretty useless,” says Eric Ravussin, exercise researcher at Louisiana State University. Many recent studies have found that exercise isn’t as important in helping people lose weight as you hear so regularly in gym advertisements or on shows like The Biggest Loser — or from magazines like this one.
小题1: From the passage we learn that ____.
A．some Americans join a health club but never go there
B．the number of overweight people has doubled since 1993
C．more than 45 million Americans now go to the gym regularly
D．Americans waste too much money each year on sports
小题2: According to the passage, exercise ____.
A．has long been believed to be good for older adults
B．is not properly advertised as an effective way to lose weight
C．was first recognized as an effective way to lose weight in the 1960s
D．is less effective in preventing heart disease than what doctors believe
小题3: According to the writer, people might gain weight because ____.
A．they have the habit of going to the gym regularly
B．they eat the same food when they do not exercise
C．they exercise less than required by doctors
D．they eat more after they exercise
小题4: What may be the best title for this passage?
A．Overweight Is Not Good for Your Health
B．Exercise Won’t Make You Thin
C．Gym Is Part of American Lifestyle
D．Obesity Is a Social Problem in America
Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simple because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.
Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hastily made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift(转移)blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.
The trouble with failure prevention is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when you don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honour roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick comfort, prize or say “It doesn’t matter.” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment and be helped to master it.
Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grownups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did it fail? Don’t blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someone else can help, don’t be shy about inquiring. Success, which encourages repetition of old behaviour, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a bad party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can cause fresh thinking, a change of direction. After twelve years of studying ballet, a friend of mine applied for a professional company. She asked. That ballet master shook his head. “You will never be a dancer,” he said,” you haven’t the body for it.”
In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock bravely asking “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her shoes and moved into dance treatment center, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy — a way to find new possibilities.
小题1:The first paragraph tells us ______.
A．failure is very natural for every person
B．the reason why we don’t know how to fail
C．the reason why so many people are afraid of failure
D．one should be ready to face failure at any time
小题2:How many preventions may parents use when a child fails according to the passage?
A．only twoB．no more than threeC．less than threeD．more than three
小题3: Which statement below does the writer support?
A．Failure is as good an experience as success.
B．Failure is the mother of success.
C．Failure is far from a good teacher like success.
D．Definitive failure gives us nothing but fresh thinking.
小题4: We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.
A．failure is the recovery of energy
B．failure makes one free to do something dangerous
C．failure should be forgotten in our life
D．failure is likely to do us good in life
Two worlds come together
Imagine landing in a foreign country where you cannot speak the language, understand the culture and don’t know anybody. Wouldn’t it be nice to have a friend who could help you out?
John Smith, an English explorer who landed in America in 1607, found the best friend ever. She was a Native American named Pocahontas (1595-1617). And she did more than teach Smith the language: she saved his life, twice.   
Smith was captured(捕获) by members of Pocahontas’s tribe (部落) and was going to be killed. But for some reason, the Chief’s daughter, Pocahontas, felt sorry for Smith (who was probably the first white man she had ever seen) and threw her body over his to protect him. Smith returned safely to the small village he was living in.
During the winter the English settlers did not know how to get food from nature. Pocahontas often brought food for Smith and his friends.
A year later Pocahontas’s father tried to kill Smith again because the Native Americans were very scared the English would try to take over their land. Pocahontas warned him and he was able to escape.
Later she became a Christian and eventually married an Englishman named John Rolfe.
She spent the last year of her life in London.
Pocahontas has become an American legend. Her life story has been re-created in many books and films, including Disney’s 1995 film, Pocahontas.
One of the reasons she is so popular is that many Europeans look at Pocahontas as an excellent example of how a minority can adjust into the majority. Pocahontas is also respected because of her selfless love. She proved that people can be kind and loving even to people of a different race or culture. John Smith was very different from Pocahontas but she could see he was a good man and that was all that mattered. No race or country owns goodness, love and loyalty.
小题1: What difficulties might early European settlers meet in America EXCEPT ________?
A．the fierce conflict with Native AmericansB．bad-tempered natives who enjoyed killing
C．unfamiliarity with a foreign landD．lack of food in winter
小题2: Pocahontas saved John Smith twice because ______.
A．he was the first white man she had ever seen in her life
B．she wanted to become a Christian and marry an Englishman
C．she believed in general kindness even to people of a different race
D．she was on the settlers’ side and against her cruel father
小题3: According to the text, Europeans think Pocahontas _____.
A．was brave to break away from her own tribe
B．set a good example for other natives to accept the white settlers
C．was a selfless Christian who can love her enemy
D．was open to a more advanced culture
小题4: What can we infer from the passage?
A．The battles between early settlers and Native Americans resulted from their fighting for land.
B．The Europeans think the early settlers should have learned to adjust to the local cultures.
C．The creation of America is based on the settlers’ victory over the Native Americans.
D．People from different cultures can never really get along well with each other.

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