Question

阅读理解 　　Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”－physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used－that a culture produces．Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life．Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture．The most vivid body of “things”in it, of course, are musical instruments．We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we depend on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote(faraway in time)past and their development． 　　Here we have two kinds of evidence：instruments well-kept and instruments pictured in art．Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern effect to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra． 　　Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture．Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows each other’s influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America．Printed versions limit variety because they are likely to standardize any song, yet they encourage and force people to make new and different songs．Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole． 　　One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out：the effect of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and video cassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments．This is all part of the “information revolution”, a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth．These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the world． (1) Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ________． [　　] A． it helps produce new cultural tools and technology B． it can express the development of the nation C． it helps understand the nation’s past and present D． it can present the nation’s civilization(文明) (2) It can be learned from this passage that ________． [　　] A． the existence of the symphony was regarded as a thing caused by the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music B． Near Eastern music had an effect on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra C． the development of the symphony shows the effect of Eastern and Western music between each other D． the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra was developed on the basis of Near Eastern music (3) According to the author, music notation(乐谱)is important because ________． [　　] A． it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read it B． it is likely to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians C． it is the printed version of standardized folk music D． it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs (4) Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? [　　] A． Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers． B． Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded． C． Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets． D． The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material world．

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．B;3．A;4．D;
解析：

(1)	由第二段“Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture”及其后面的内容可知。
(2)	由第二段最后一句“…we can explore the movement of music from the Near East…resulted in the development of the most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra”可知。
(3)	由第三段最后一句“Besides，the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect…on the music-culture as a whole．”可知。
(4)	文中提到musical instruments, phonograph和electronic media促进了音乐文化的发展。