Question

A bicycle helmet is a helmet intended to be worn while riding a bicycle．They are designed to reduce impacts to the skull(头颅骨) of a cyclist in falls．However, there is a debate on whether helmets are useful for road cyclists．

The World Health Organization promotes the use of helmets as a strategy for preventing people' s heads from being injured by bicycle crashes or falls．Use of cycling helmets is supported by numerous groups in the United States. US-based cycling activist John Forester suggests that helmet wearing could prevent 300 deaths a year in the United States out of a total of 1530 preventable deaths．Public Health Law Research reports that there is enough evidence to establish that bicycle helmet laws are an effective public health intervention(干涉)aimed to reduce the number of head-related deaths．Received opinion in some countries is that bicycle helmets are useful and that every cyclist should wear one. Professional bodies elsewhere have agreed, such as the Swiss Council for Accident Prevention．

Mayer Hillman, a transport and road safety analyst from the UK, does not support the use of helmets, reasoning that they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car. He compares it to drawing conclusions on whether it is worthwhile to buy lottery tickets. Cyclists' representative groups complain that focus on helmets diverts(转移) attention from other issues which are much more important for improving bicycle safety, such as road danger reduction．The UK's largest cyclists' organization, the CTC, believes that the "overall health effects of compulsory helmets are negative.'' The same report estimated(估计) that universal helmet use would save the life of one child aged 0 to 15 each year．

Up to now, the debate is with no consensus（共识）, but an organization has published a review of studies in 2011, saying there is a good deal of evidence that those wearing a helmet are more likely to crash than bareheaded cyclists．

 

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 Wearing Bicycle Helmets/Bicycle Helmets        

 supporters       

  preventing head injuries       

   head-related death number   

  useless       

 not being valuable/having little value/having limited value

  to be diverted       

 few  children

  published    

 possibility/chance

【解析】

试题分析：

  Wearing Bicycle Helmets/Bicycle Helmets   

根据第一段最后一句there is a debate on whether helmets are useful for road cyclists．说明讨论的话题是戴头盔是否有用。因为on是介词，后面接动名词的形式。

 supporters       

根据文章第二段可知都是支持戴头盔的人的观点，supporters支持者。

  preventing head injuries       

根据第二段第二行preventing people' s heads from being injured by bicycle crashes or falls说明是预防头部受伤。

    head-related death number   

根据第二段4,5行t helmet wearing could prevent 300 deaths a year in the United States out of a total of 1530 preventable deaths．说明戴头盔可以减少与头部受伤死亡的人数。

  useless       

细节题。根据第三段2,3行they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car.说明有人认为戴头盔是没有用的。

 not being valuable/having little value/having limited value

根据第三段2,3行they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car说明部分人认为这样做是没有价值的。

   to be diverted       

第三段5,6行that focus on helmets diverts(转移) attention from other issues which are much more important for improving bicycle safety说明注意力容易分散。

 few  children

根据文章倒数第二段The same report estimated(估计) that universal helmet use would save the life of one child aged 0 to 15 each year．说明挽救孩子的生命较少。

  published    

根据最后一段1,2行an organization has published a review of studies in 2011。

 possibility/chance

同义句转换，根据文章最后一句there is a good deal of evidence that those wearing a helmet are more likely to crash than bareheaded cyclists．

考点：考查任务型阅读

点评：本文属于任务型阅读，在完成此类题目时，要仔细阅读短文和表格，根据文章的篇章结构找出原文中的相应的语群，从同义词，近义词，反义词等角度出发，寻找原词再现，进行归纳总结，确定合适的答案。