Question

The concept is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of waste – electronic junk (电子垃圾), such as old computers, cell-phones, and televisions. But this process for managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not used, a recent report suggests.
“A lot of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse of reuse – to bridge the digital divide,” said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.
One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it’s picked apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.
Businessmen also pay workers a little money to get back materials such as gold and copper. This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse of recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around the globe. “Developing nations must take upon some of the responsibility themselves,” Gutierrez said. But, he added, “A greater portion of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”
China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denial, is finally beginning to take the lead.

1. 1.
   The underlined word “unscrupulous” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
   1. A.
      unsafe
   2. B.
      tricky
   3. C.
      wrong
   4. D.
      immoral
2. 2.
   What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss?
   1. A.
      Old computers and TVs still work before they are sent abroad.
   2. B.
      Poor people break up e-waste to collect some valuable materials.
   3. C.
      A lot of e-waste is dumped in developing countries.
   4. D.
      The problem of e-waste is growing in developing countries.
3. 3.
   From what Gutierrez said we can learn that ________.
   1. A.
      exporting countries should mainly be responsible for this problem.
   2. B.
      neither rich nor poor countries should be blamed for this problem
   3. C.
      developing countries should be responsible for this problem
   4. D.
      poor countries should blamed for this problem
4. 4.
   It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.
   1. A.
      China has hidden a large amount of e-waste in many secret places
   2. B.
      China has greatly changed hre idea about the problem of e-waste
   3. C.
      China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time
   4. D.
      China is falling behind other countries in dealing with e-wast
5. 5.
   The passage mainly tells us that _______.
   1. A.
      developing countries are facing serious environmental problems
   2. B.
      e-waste is a growing problem in developed countries
   3. C.
      e-waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse of reuse
   4. D.
      developing countries are making full use of e-waste

Answer 1

DDABC
分解，再利用与再循环。这个熟悉的环保人士口号告诉我们怎样以垃圾掩埋法和水处理法减少垃圾的数量。这种概念同时也被用来处理一种具有潜在危险性的电子垃圾，例如旧的电脑，电话和电视。但是，一份最近的报道指出，这种处理电子垃圾的程序可能经常以不道德的方式进行。
1.词义判断题。根据划线词后面的意思(more often than not…)
2.主旨大意题。第四段主要说：在发展中国家许多进口来的电子垃圾被人们沿着河边与公路扔掉，成了越来越棘手的问题了。通常又被穷人捡回，这些穷人可能面临着那些设备发出的有毒化学物质的危险。
3.判断理解题。根据第五段最后一句But, he added, “A greater portion of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.（但他又补充道“大部分责任应该由出口国担当”）”，故选A。
4.推理判断题。最后一段的意思是“中国已经成为大量电子垃圾的排放地。这个国家已经开始采取行动来阻止危险物质进入边境。中国政府在否认了很多年后，终于带头开始行动了。”故选B。
5.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可判断答案为C。这些电子垃圾很多都以重新利用的名义运往发展中国家。