are so small that they can’t be seen with eyes. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(层)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨损)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.

The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(细菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.

If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收缩),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.

When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(扩大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.

If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神经)in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.

The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(细胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(晒黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin.

B.There is skin all over our body.

C.The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks.

D.The surface of the skin is made of a living layer.

The second paragraph mainly tells us about______.

A.the functions of the skin

B.the information from the outside

C.the water in the body

D.the temperature of the body

Bacteria will get in through the skin______.

A.when one’s skin is numb

B.when one is ill

C.when the skin is cut

D.when the sweat glands produce more sweat

When the weather is cold,the skin will contract in order to______.

A.allow more blood near B.make the skin look blue

C.keep warmth D.help the body lose heat

The colour of the skin is determined by______.

A.the rays of the strong sun B.colour cells

C.top layers of the skin D.vitamin D

The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(层)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨损)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.
The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(细菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.
If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收缩),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.
When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(扩大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.
If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神经)in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.
The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(细胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(晒黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.
【小题1】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin.

B．There is skin all over our body.

C．The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks.

D．The surface of the skin is made of a living layer.

【小题2】The second paragraph mainly tells us about______.

A．the functions of the skin

B．the information from the outside

C．the water in the body

D．the temperature of the body

【小题3】Bacteria will get in through the skin______.

A．when one’s skin is numb

B．when one is ill

C．when the skin is cut

D．when the sweat glands produce more sweat

【小题4】When the weather is cold,the skin will contract in order to______.

A．allow more blood near	B．make the skin look blue
C．keep warmth	D．help the body lose heat

【小题5】The colour of the skin is determined by______.

A．the rays of the strong sun	B．colour cells
C．top layers of the skin	D．vitamin D

The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(层)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨损)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.

The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(细菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.

If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收缩),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.

When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(扩大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.

If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神经)in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.

The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(细胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(晒黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.

1.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin.

B．There is skin all over our body.

C．The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks.

D．The surface of the skin is made of a living layer.

2.The second paragraph mainly tells us about______.

A．the functions of the skin

B．the information from the outside

C．the water in the body

D．the temperature of the body

3.Bacteria will get in through the skin______.

A．when one’s skin is numb

B．when one is ill

C．when the skin is cut

D．when the sweat glands produce more sweat

4.When the weather is cold,the skin will contract in order to______.

A．allow more blood near	B．make the skin look blue
C．keep warmth	D．help the body lose heat

5.The colour of the skin is determined by______.

A．the rays of the strong sun	B．colour cells
C．top layers of the skin	D．vitamin D

All plant cells（细胞）are capable of taking up water. Even dead ones do to a certain degree. Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger. In common land plants, the living cells of roots take up most of the water. Land plants without roots do exist, however. Those greenish-yellow lichens（苔藓）you see on rocks in the high mountains have no roots. Half a billion years ago, when water plants started to enter the land, the first land plants did not have roots.

_____________________________________. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（进化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（进化度）. In the Peruvian desert, there grows one of these rootless higher plants, a bromeliad. It is a relative of the pineapple. Even if this plant had roots, they would be of no use, because where the plant grows, it never rains. The plant gets its water only from the dew（露水）it collects at night, when its leaves cool off. Such rootless plants, of course, can be moved with ease, but they will only grow when they are placed out in the open. If they are placed too near a house, the radiation from the heat of the house prevents the leaves from cooling and so prevents dew from forming, and the plant dies. In the southern United States and in Puerto Rico, one sees bromeliads growing high above the streets on the insulation（绝缘物）of electric wires. These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.

76. What's the most suitable title?(Please answer within ten words)

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77. How does the “bromeliad” get the water?(Pease answer within ten words)

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78. Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words. )

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79. Which sentence can be replaced by the following on?

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80. Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese.

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