题目内容

(2013·高考天津卷)________ small，the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.

A．As B．If

C．Although D．Once

 

C

【解析】选C。句意：“尽管很小，但是这个公司已经在30多个国家有大约1 000个买家。”根据句意及前后句的关系可知选择C项although“尽管”。

 

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A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One' s physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.

Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.

Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group--college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual' s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.

Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive.

1. In "Beauty is only skin-deep", "skin-deep" can be replaced by______.

A. decorating B. superficial C. expressive D. demanding

2. "One's physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career."(paral) can be interpretated as______.

A. whether or not one looks good or bad, it doesn' t affect much one' s managerial career

B. in one' s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilities

C. in one' s managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilities

D. whether or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one' s managerial career

3. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that______.

A. people do not realize the importance of looking one' s best

B. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well

C. good -looking women aspire to managerial positions

D. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not

4. "Good looks cut both ways for women" (Para.5) means that______.

A. attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public job

B. good-looking women always get the best of everything

C. being attractive is not always an advantage for women

D. attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions

5. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world______.

A. handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are

B. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well

C. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well

D. good looks are important for women as they are for men

 

Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.

  This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.

  We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.

  We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.

 

1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means

[A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.

people whose knowledge of science is very limited.

[C] the scientific community.

[D] people who make good contribution to science.

2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because

[A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.

Science affects almost every aspect of our life.

[C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.

[D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.

3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who

[A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.

are good at producing various gadgets.

[C] work in a storehouse of dried facts.

[D] want to have a superficial understanding of science.

4.According to this passage,

[A] English is a sexist language.

only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.

[C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.

[D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.

5.This passage most probably is

[A] a book review.

the preface of a book.

[C] the postscript of a book.

[D] the concluding part of a book.

 

Vocabulary

subculture            亚文化群（指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人）

superficial      肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的      

lay person            外行，门外汉，俗人

musty            发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的

gadget            小玩意儿，小配件，新发明

pervasive            渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的

populate            居住于……中，在……中占一席之地

implicit            含蓄的，内含的

unspecified      未特别提出的

offset            抵消，补偿

 

(2013·高考天津卷)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are________ meaningful things to do.

A．less B．more

C．the least D．the most

 

(2013·高考江苏卷)In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，________ it is discovered，will create many economic possibilities around the world.

A．whatever B．whoever

C．wherever D．whichever

 

(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________another man，also intelligent，fails.

A．since　　　　　B．if

C．as D．while

 

Some years ago，writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events，feelings，and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words，but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all，isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?

When I was thirteen years old，I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley，well?equipped with pens，a diary，and a camera.During the trip，I was busy recording every incident，name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively，dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there，I wandered out of my tent，diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon，and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen...

At that point，I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.

Now，I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books，or observations that are particularly meaningful.I take pictures，but not very often－only of objects I find really beautiful.I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera，busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.

I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places；maybe I’ll forget certain facts，but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.I don’t live to make memories－I just live，and the memories form themselves.

1.Before the age of thirteen，the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of________.

A．observing her school routine

B．expressing her satisfaction

C．impressing her classmates

D．preserving her history

2.What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?

A．A dull night on the journey.

B．The beauty of the great valley.

C．A striking quotation from a book.

D．Her concerns for future generations.

3.What does the author put in her diary now?

A．Notes and beautiful pictures.

B．Special thoughts and feelings.

C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.

D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.

4.The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is________.

A．to experience it

B．to live the present in the future

C．to make memories

D．to give accurate representations of it

 

(2013·高考天津卷，D)When asked about happiness，we usually think of something extraordinary，an absolute delight，which seems to get rarer the older we get.

For kids，happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved (毫不掩饰的)．

In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

In adulthood the things that bring deep joy－love，marriage，birth－also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults，happiness is complicated (复杂的)．

My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have，the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends，the freedom to live where we please，and even good health.

I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch?box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing，which I love.When the kids and my husband came home，I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother，who raised 14 children，had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family，and maybe this is what satisfied her.

We，however，with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area，have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self?conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success，without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.

Happiness isn’t about what happens to us－it’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we do possess.

1.As people grow older，they________.

A．feel it harder to experience happiness

B．associate their happiness less with others

C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness

D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness

2.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?

A．She cares little about her own health.

B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.

C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.

D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.

3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?

A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.

B．Psychologists’ opinion is well proved by Grandma’ case.

C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.

D．Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life.

4.People who equal happiness with wealth and success________.

A．consider pressure something blocking their way

B．stress their right to happiness too much

C．are at a loss to make correct choices

D．are more likely to be happy

5.What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.

B．Each man is the master of his own fate.

C．Success leads to happiness.

D．Happy is he who is content.

 

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