题目内容

－________ does winter last in your country?

－About three months．

[　　]
A．

How much

B．

How far

C．

How long

D．

How many

答案：C
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Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

A political scientist from Indiana University whose work exploring how people come together to preserve their collective resources may provide important clues in the fight against climate change has become the first woman to win the Nobel prize for economics.

Elinor Ostrom, 76, shares 2009 Nobel prize with fellow American academic Oliver Williamson, 77. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced to the world the pair had been chosen to win the 40th prize in economic sciences.

For Ostrom, the award came, as a "big surprise". To rise to the peak of her area of learning has been a big journey, as she has had to struggle against her own weaknesses and the barriers of the system. At school in Los Angeles, she suffered from stuttering. She also faced the barriers common to most women of her generation entering the sciences --- she was discouraged from taking a PhD when she applied for graduate school.

Her field of study has been striking for how cross-disciplinary it is. Early on she gained a reputation for bringing economics, political science and sociology together.

What interests her is how common property can be managed successfully through groups in society. The findings of her research have been striking, as the Nobel committee pointed out, because they have challenged the traditional assumption that common property is poorly managed unless it is either controlled by government or privatized. She has shown how different individuals can band together and form collectives that protect the resource at hand.

“A lot of people are waiting for more international co-operation to solve global warming.” Ostrom said , “It is important that there is international agreement, but we can be taking steps at family level, community level, civic and national level … There are many steps that can be taken. That will not solve it on their own but continuously will make a big difference.”

81. How did Ostrom feel when she got the prize?  (not more than 3 words)

82. What does “cross-disciplinary” mean according to the passage?  (not more than 9 words)

83. Why was Ostrom advised not to take a PhD when she applied for graduate school?  (not more than 9 words)

84. Why was Ostrom awarded the Nobel prize for economics?  (not more than 16 words)

For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries —  where is the line between what I control and what you do?

Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. Partly, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.

In this article, I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents

and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. The second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. The third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is — politics, the taws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg — the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong for both wish to be considered an authority, and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to suppose that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.

Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?

A. Both can continue for generations.          B. Both are about where to draw the line.

C. Neither has any clear winner.                 D. Neither can be put to an end.

What does the underlined part in Para. Two mean?

A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.

B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.

C. The teens accuse their parents of misleading them.

D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.

Parents and teens want to be right because they want to ______.

A. give orders to the other                         B. know more than the other

C. gain respect from the other                           D. get the other to behave properly

What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. Causes for the parent-teen conflicts.       B. Examples of the parent-teen war.

C. Solutions for the parent-teen problems.   D. Future of the parent-teen relationship.

One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best seller” lists with a sale of up to 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70
million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.
This is the principle behind “quiz” or “game” shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show’s producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn’t like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal(丑闻). Based on the show off, a movie titled “Quiz Show” is on 40 years later.
Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren’t taken seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating(羞辱) them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.
【小题1】What is the most important thing as to television?

A．How many viewers they can attractB．Becoming the best seller on the list
C．How much money can be given awayD．The number of people attending shows
【小题2】What does the underlined part “pulling the strings” probably mean?
A．Planning the shows with effortB．Drawing the curtain on the stage
C．Controlling the result secretlyD．Playing “quiz” or “game” openly
【小题3】Charles Van Doren stopped his career as a television personality because ________.
A．he had earned enough wealth and fame.
B．one of the participants had told the truth
C．the film “Quiz Show” was being shown
D．his frequent appearance had bored the audience
【小题4】 It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A．TV Game Shows are more popular than before.
B．the scandal was not made known until 40 years later
C．getting money is the only purpose of people taking part in shows
D．people can make themselves famous by taking part in shows

The whole world was talking about Octopus(章鱼)Paul Allen since it had a 100％correct prediction record of the matches，including Germany in the ongoing FIFA World Cup 2010.The question was whether there be a prediction of the grand final, since it did not include Germany.

 The answer to that much awaited question is yes. Celebrity Octopus Paul Allen does have a winner. It has picked Spain over Holland to lift the wishful prize. In a live television show all over Europe, Paul picked out a mussel(蚌)from the tank with the Spanish flag, ignoring the tank that had the Dutch flag. This means the prediction is that Spain will be FIFA World Cup 2010 champion．Regarding the place 3 and 4 playoff, Octopus Paul A11en has predicted that Germany will beat Uruguay to take the 3 rd place, which was right.

 Octopus Paul Allen has become a worldwide celebrity after it has predicted with 100％ accuracy all of Germany’s World Cup games’ outcomes. It even stopped critics and experts when it correctly predicted a Serbia win over the strong Germans. Much to the sorrow of German fans，it also rightly predicted Spain having an advantage over Germany in the semifinals. And when this came true，there were many calls from angry and sad Germans fans to kill and eat it．Now let’s wait and see if this final prediction by Octopus Paul Allen comes true and its 100％accuracy record stays the same．It goes without saying. Spain will be smiling, at least right now!

1. Octopus Paul Allen became a hot topic because__________.

A. it predicted records of FIFA World Cup 2010 matches correctly

B. it was the mascot of FIFA World Cup 2010

C. it took part in the game with Germany and other teams

D. it lent a helping hand to Germany to win the game

2. From the second paragraph we know that the third place in FIFA World Cup 2010 was______.

  A. Spain    B. Holland    C. Germany    D. Uruguay

3.. According to the passage, when this news is released,_______.

A. FIFA World Cup 2010 has come to an end

B. Spain has already beaten Germany in the semifinals

C. Spain has already won the World Cup 2010 champion

D. the sad German fans have killed Octopus Paul Allen

4.. By saying “It goes without saying”, the writer means_______.

A. Spain will be FIFA World Cup 2010 champion 

B. Octopus Paul Allen won’t predict anything in the future

C. Octopus Paul Allen will surely leave

D. everything goes on well

 
-What do you think of the new mayor?    
-Great! Seldom ________ so much support.    
[    ]
A. a man wins  
B. wins a man      
C. does a man win    
D. a man does win

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