题目内容

B

 Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(胚芽)。 Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.

    55. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ______.

    A. plants are important for life        B. plants cannot grow without air

    C. there are many plants in the world   D. we can not live without water

    56. Plants can make food from______.

    A. flower, water and air            B. water, sunlight and air

    C. air, water and soil               D. air, sun and light

    57. What can we infer(推断) from the passage ?

    A. Of all living things animals are most important B. Spores are seeds

    C. All fruits of flowering plants have seeds D. Without plants, man will die out

    58. This passage may be taken from______.

    A. a medicine book                 B. a novel

    C. a science magazine               D. an experiment report

    59. The underlined word “protected” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ______.

A. damaged       B. polluted       C. prevented       D. guarded

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For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.

      Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants (污染物) can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.

      People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is said that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.

      As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building--- green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and small organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square metres of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.

Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in ________.

     A. every modern house     B. every old house       

  C. all kinds of houses        D. all kinds of offices

The indoor air pollution is caused by ________.

A. the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside

B. the building way that the builders want to save energy

C. the building things that are made of man-made materials

D. the man-made building materials and the limit of air-flow

The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ________.

A. plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoors

B. plants may take in more oxygen which people need

C. plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicals

D. plants can make our houses prettier 

Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air,water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air,water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals.Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live.This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.
If you look carefully at the plants around you,you will find that there are two kinds of plants:flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds(种子). The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(胚芽). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.
72. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ______.
A. plants are important for life             B. plants cannot grow without air
C. there are many plants in the world      D. we can not live without water
73. Plants can make food from______.
A. flower, water and air                                        B. water, sunlight and air
C. air, water and soil                                                       D. air, sun and light
74. What can we infer from the passage ?
A. Of all living things animals are most important 
B.Spores are seeds
C. All fruits of flowering plants have seeds  
D.Without plants, man will die out
75. This passage may be taken from______.
A. a medicine book                      B. a novel
C. a science magazine                   D. an experiment report


B
As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without any living things.
Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight, Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms(生物体)to be affected are either plants or plankton(浮游生物). But these organisms are the food of fish and birds and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it’s not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the seashore that people realize what is happening.
  Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources of sewage(下水道污物)and industrial waste. As more detergent(洗涤剂)is used in the home, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds, dissolving the natural substances which keep their feathers water-proof (防水). Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful as there are many highly poisonous things in it, such as copper and lead.
  So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple: sewage and industrial waste must be made clear before flowing into the water. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.
70. Pollution of water is noticed________.
  A. when the first organisms are affected      
B. when a good many fish and birds die
  C. when poisonous things are poured into water 
D. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed
71.The living things die because there is no ________in the lake or river.
  A. water                 B. fish             C. poison       D. oxygen
72. Which of the following is harmful according to the passage?
  A. Organisms               B. Plants and plankton in the water
  C. Waste water from cleaning    D. Industrial waste made clear before flowing into the water
73. The way to stop water pollution is to________.
  A. realize the serious situation clearly
  B. put oxygen into the river
  C. make the waste material harmless before flowing into the water
  D. make special room in the sea for our rubbish

We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves. Did you ever wonder how and why a fall leaf changes color? Where do the yellows and oranges come from? To answer those questions, we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.

      Leaves are nature's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose, which is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing. The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis, which means " putting together with light. " A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.

      As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees "know" to begin getting ready for winter.

      During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. The trees will rest, and live off the food they stored during summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories. The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange colors. Small a-mounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along. Covered up by the green chlorophyll, we just can't see them in summer.

     The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall. In some trees, like maples, glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves turn this glucose into a red color. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.

     It is the combination of all these things that make the beautiful colors we enjoy in the fall.

1.The writer asked two questions in the beginning in order to        .

    A. persuade readers to believe something

    B. introduce the topic of the passage

    C. get the readers excited

D. offer something to think over

2. Which of the following is True according to the passage?

    A. Trees don't change colours with seasons.

    B. Trees can still perform photosynthesis well in winter.

    C. Trees have colours like yellow and orange even in summer.

D. Trees don't need food in winter.

3.Photosynthesis is a way that ___________________________.

A. plants change water and carbon dioxide into sugar

B. plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar with the help of sunlight

C. plants use glucose as food for energy and growing

D. chlorophyll is a great help

4. Which is the best title for this passage?

    A. Colorful trees in autumn            B. Mysteries of tree colors

C. Do you enjoy tree colors?           D. Wonderful colors in autumn

 

   For the people living in the Nile Basin, the river is their life:. This 6,825 km waterway, whose watershed(流域) covers three million square kilometers, flows through mountains ,woodlands, lakes and deserts. Its potential for fishing, tourism and shipping is great—but so are its challenges.

Water shortage , already serious in Egypt and Sudan , will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well. Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living. Within the next 25 yeas ,the district's population is expected to double, adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture. The frequent drought(干旱)adds to the urgency.

Water quality is also a problem. Precious soil is washed out to sea. Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution. Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils. Water-borne diseases continue unchecked. In areas where it's hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off lakes, dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward.

Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day. They’ve seen the river change course, and their only source(来源) of water thickened with mud. They’re very poor and have few choices.

But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI),is offering very practical assistance. The program is more than just a water-management project. It’s a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them.

These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions(解决办法). Half the Nile Basin's countries are among the world's poorest nations;yet, somehow, they must find the  resources, skills and political will to overcome these challenges.

68. What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces?

A. The development of .shipping industry.

B. Overfishing of native people.

C. Water shortage and water quality.

D. Increasing population and tourism.

69. The underlined word “hyacinths”(in Paragraph 3) refer to “          ”.

A. animals                           B. plants                     C. rocks                                D. salts

70. The program NBI is mainly aimed at           .

A. preventing water pollution                             B. changing the river course

C. improving living condition of the poor

D. preventing land from becoming desert

71. What would be the best title of this passage?

A. People's Life in Egypt and Sudan

B. Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan

C. The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin

D. The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin

 

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