Eating a diet high in processed food increases the risk of depression, research suggests．What's more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found．
Data on diet among 3,500 middle-aged civil servants were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported．They divided the participants into two types of diet－those who ate a diet largely based on whole food, which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish, and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat, refined grains and high-fat dairy products．After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic(慢性的)diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets．
Those who ate the most wholefood had a 26％ lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood．By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58％ higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods．
Study author Dr．Archana Singh-Manoux pointed out there was a chance the finding could be explained by a lifestyle factor they had not accounted for．
There was a paper showing a Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the possibility of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high．
Dr．Andrew McCulloch, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, This study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health．
He added people's diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy．The UK population is consuming less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated(含饱和脂肪酸的)fats and sugars．
(1)
The text is mainly about ________．
[ ]
A．
the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population
B．
the link between processed food and depression
C．
the relationship between physical and mental health
D．
a healthy diet largely based on wholefood
(2)
What do we know about the participants?
[ ]
A．
They are of different ages from young to old．
B．
They have been eating a less healthy diet these years．
C．
Most of them prefer wholefood to processed food．
D．
Those who ate wholefood generally were happier in the long term．
(3)
What can we learn from what Dr．Archana Singh Manoux said?
[ ]
A．
It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet．
B．
The Mediterranean diet is the most healthy in the world．
C．
Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before．
D．
The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression．
(4)
Dr．Andrew McCulloch agrees that ________．
[ ]
A．
our diets are closely related to our mental health
B．
the present study needs more facts and other information
C．
the UK population will become ill in the near future
A few days ago, he was just Colonel(上校)Yang; few people knew his name or recognized his face．But last Thursday, when he came back to the earth after a 21-hour trip to space, Yang Liwei’s smile was seen across the world above the magic words：“China’s first spaceman”．
The 38-year-old astronaut was sent into space at 9 a. m．Last Wednesday by China’s Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft, which orbited the earth 14 times．He landed safely at 6∶23 a. m．The next day, making China the third country successfully send a person into space, after the former Soviet Union and the US．
Yang was satisfied with his job．“I have seen many landing scenes before on video, and I think ours was one of the most successful, ”He said on a special plane to Beijing after landing．Born into an ordinary family in Liaoning Province, he became a pilot in the Chinese Air Force in 1987, spending 1350 hours in the air．He joined the Chinese space programme 11 years later．
While in space, Yang recorded everything he saw as well as showing China’s national flag and the United Nations’ flag to the people watching on TV at home．He also ate a meal of diced chicken and fried rice, before taking a 3-hour nap．The whole project went according to plan, but space exploration is not as easy as it seems．
Anyone who saw the destruction of the US space shuttle Columbia in February this year will know that Yang took a great risk．
He experienced extremely high temperatures, while the gravitation(重力)on take-off and landing were strong enough to force tears from his eyes．
He has spent five years training to become a spaceman．
“I eat all of my meals at the space programme’s dinning room and have never been able to take my son to kindergarten, ”he said．“I’ve never met his teachers．”
But becoming China’s first spaceman has made all the effort worthwhile．
“When I boarded the spacecraft for the first time, I couldn’t help feeling excited,” he said．“I decided that I had to fly it．”
To Chinese people, Yang is now a hero．One visitor to a Xinhua news agency online forum(网上论坛)said, “Yang’s trip is a giant leap forward for China．”
Officials say the next Shenzhou will be launched by 2005．China also plans to develop spacewalking and a space lab．
(1)
What is the main idea of the story?
[ ]
A．
China’s first manned flight．
B．
A hero with great courage．
C．
The first Chinese man in space．
D．
How Yang Liwei became China’s first spaceman．
(2)
How long did each of Yang’s orbits take on average?
[ ]
A．
1 hour．
B．
1.5 hours．
C．
6 hours．
D．
The story didn’t mention it．
(3)
Why did the writer mention the gravitation forces on take-off and landing?
[ ]
A．
Because it was the most dangerous part of the space flight．
B．
Because it was a very special experience．
C．
To stress how much training he had to do to prepare for the flight．
D．
To show that Yang is brave．
(4)
Why did the writer use “giant leap” in the title?
[ ]
A．
Because the space flight marked China’s great progress in the field of space exploration．
B．
Because Neil Armstrong said it was a “giant leap” for mankind when he first set foot on the moon．
C．
Because the space flight was a huge success．
D．
Both A and B．
(5)
This passage is most likely to appear in __________．
[ ]
A．
newspaper
B．
textbook
C．
science magazines
D．
biographies(传记)
阅读理解
Isn't it astonishing how much time we spend talking about food? “Have you ever eaten…?” “What did you have for lunch?” and so on．And yet when you travel from one country to another, you will find that people have quite different feelings about food．People often feel that what they eat is normal(正常)and that what other people eat is strange or silly．In most parts of Asia, for example, no meal is complete without rice．In England, people eat potatoes every day．In the Middle East, bread is the main part of every meal．Eating like so many things we do, becomes a habit which is difficult to change．Americans like to drink a lot of orange juice and coffee．The English drink tea four or five times every day．Australians drink a great deal of beer, and the French drink wine every day．
The sort of meat people like to eat also differs from one country to another．Horse meat is thought to be delicious in France．In Hong Kong, some people enjoy eating snakes．New Zealander eat sheep, but they never eat goat meat．The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat because of its smell, but they enjoy eating raw fish(生鱼)．
So it seems that although eating is a topic we can talk about for hours, there is very little common sense in what we say it．People everywhere enjoy eating what they have always eaten, and there is very little we can do to change our eating habits．
(1)
Which of the following is true according to the article?
[ ]
A．
All people have the same feeling about food．
B．
In most parts of Asia, people usually have rice for meals．
C．
People often consider other people to be strange or silly．
D．
The topic people spend time talking about is bread and meat．
(2)
People in different countries ________．
[ ]
A．
drink the same sort of wine
B．
have the same eating habit
C．
eat different kinds of meat
D．
have the same tea at different time within a day
(3)
The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat ________．
[ ]
A．
because they dislike its smell
B．
because it is too expensive
C．
because it is easy to go bad
D．
because they think it will do harm to their health
(4)
English people drink tea four or five times a day ________．
[ ]
A．
because they get thirsty easily
B．
because there is plenty of tea in Britain
C．
because of their drinking habit
D．
because they have enough time to do so
阅读理解
Peter King, 15, and Mary King, 13, went to see a doctor．Peter had a bad cold, so the doctor gave him some pills to take．Mary had a bad cough, so the doctor gave her some cough medicine．
There are the words on the bottle of the medicine：
Cough Medicine
Shake well before use．
Take three times daily after meals．
At one time：adults－2 teaspoonfuls
Children 8＝14 1 teaspoonful
Children 4－7 1/2 teaspoonful
Not suitable for children below the age of 4
Store in a cold place．
Use before Oct．2007．
(1)
Mary should take _________ in a day．
[ ]
A．
2 teaspoonfuls
B．
3 teaspoonfuls
C．
4 teaspoonfuls
D．
1 teaspoonful
(2)
The medicine should be kept in _________．
[ ]
A．
a refrigerator
B．
hot water
C．
any place
D．
the sun
(3)
Mary should _________ before she takes some．
[ ]
A．
shake the medicine well
B．
eat her meals
C．
do some exercises
D．
drink something
(4)
People aged _________ cannot take the cough medicine．
[ ]
A．
80
B．
l5
C．
20
D．
3
(5)
Mary or mother should _________ the medicine left after Oct．2007．
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