题目内容

The reason why this kind of machine is popular with users is that it will work in ______ temperature.

A. official B. extreme C. common D. natural

 

B

【解析】句意：这种机器受用户欢迎的原因是它会在极端温度下工作。A. official官方的；B. extreme极端的；C. common普通的；D. natural自然的；由句意可知选B。

考点: 考查形容词的用法。

 

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Measures have been taken to fight ________recurring food safety problems, but there is still a long way to go before China can rid itself ________ these issues.

A. for; of B. for; from C. against; of D. against; from

 

–Where did you get to know her?

–It was on the farm __________ we worked.

A. that B. there C. where D. which

 

Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in pronunciation started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with people from around the world. This means that many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fixed and the dialect （方言）of London became the standard. In 1604, the first English dictionary was published.

The numbers of words in Early Modern English and Late Modern English differ. Late Modern English has a lot more words because of two main factors: firstly, the Industrial Revolution created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.

From around 1600, the English colonization(殖民地化)of North America resulted in the creation of American English. Some English pronunciation and words froze when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that the British call “ Americanisms” are in fact original （原先的）British expressions that were preserved (保存) in the colonies but were lost in Britain. Spanish also had an influence on American English, with words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante being examples of Spanish words that entered English. French words and West African words also influenced American English.

Today, American English is the most influential(有影响力的). But there are many other kinds of English around the world, including Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English , Indian English and Caribbean English. They have differences.

1.What can we know from Paragraph 1?

A. The dialect of London became the standard in the year 1604.

B. Vowels were pronounced longer towards the end of Middle English

C. The first English dictionary was published in the early 17th century.

D. Many new words entered English because many people moved to Britain.

2.From Paragraph 2, we know that the Industrial Revolution __________.

A. required spelling and grammar to be fixed

B. required a greater number of English words

C. caused many old English words to be useless

D. led to the English colonization of North America.

3.The underlined word “froze” in Paragraph 3 shows that some English words in America___________.

A. became longer B. greatly changed C. a little changed D. stayed as they were

4.What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

A. The development of Modern English

B. How the English vocabulary became larger

C. Differences among the different kinds of English

D. Differences between Middle English and Modern English

 

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A. more than three times the length B. three times more than the length

C. more than the length D. more three times than the length

 

He didn’t attend the meeting last night, _________ he doesn’t know our plan for the picnic.

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How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.

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Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.

The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.

Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.

To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.

"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."

1.What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?

A. The quality of being intelligent or clever.

B. The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.

C. The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.

D. A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.

2.Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?

A. Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.

B. Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.

C. Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.

D. Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.

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A. No pains, no gains.

B. It matters not what we give but how.

C. Honesty is the best policy.

D. Actions speak louder than words.

 

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下面是观众的介绍，请把观众的介绍和适合他们的节目信息匹配起来。

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