If you still know little about the “IMF , it’s time you started to read about it, for it has been a hot issue of the whole world．The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is one of the international fi 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Every decision is made within a decision environment, which is defined as the collection of information, alternatives, values. Many decision makers have a(n) 50 to seek more information than required to make a good decision. When too much information is sought and obtained, one or more of several   51 can arise.
﹡ A   52  in the decision occurs because of the time required to obtain and process the extra information.
﹡ 53  overload will occur. In this state, so much information is available that decision-making ability actually   54  because the information in its entirety can no longer be managed or assessed 55 . A major problem caused by information overload is 56 . When too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information (often that received early on) will be pushed out.
﹡Selective use of the information will occur. 57   , the decision maker will choose from among all the information available only those facts which support a preconceived(预先构想的) solution or position.
﹡Mental fatigue occurs, which 58  slower work or poor quality work.
﹡ 59   fatigue occurs, where the decision maker tires of making decisions. Often the result is fast, careless decisions or no decisions are made at all.
The quantity of information that can be processed by the human mind is limited. Unless information is 60 selected, processing will be biased toward the first part of the information received. After that, the mind tires and begins to 61 subsequent information or forget earlier information.
A common   62 about decision making is that decisions are made in isolation from each other: you gather information, explore alternatives, and 63 , without regard to anything that has gone before. The fact is, decisions are made in a context of other decisions.
We might say, then every decision 64  from previous decisions: enables many future decisions, and assists other future decisions.

Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia.   36  the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called   37  the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his   38  was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the   39  of the girls were written on   40  of paper and placed in jars. Each young man   41  a slip. The girl whose name was   42  was to be his sweetheart for the year.
Legend   43  it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day   44  a Roman bishop named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II   45  the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would   46  stay home than fight. When Valentine   47  the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the   48  of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a   49 . Christian bishop moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine   50  of Lupercus.
Valentine’s Day has become a major   51  of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his   52  into a lover’s heart may still be used to   53  falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this.   54  to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as   55  as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.

小题1:

A．While

Perfume (香水) has been in existence for a long time. These days, certain perfumes are considered comparable to great works of art. Here are a few of the most famous perfumes in history.
Chanel No.5
This perfume is probably the best-selling scent (气味) in the history of fragrance (香水). Created by Ernst Beaux for Coco Chanel in 1921, it has been described as “the world’s most legendary fragrance”, and remains the company’s most famous perfume.
Shalimar
Jacques Guerlain created this vanilla (香草) fragrance in 1925. The perfume takes its name from the Garden of Shalimar, which was built by Emperor Shah Jehan for one of his wives. It was an immediate hit in 1925 and is still extremely popular today.
Joy
Joy is famous for having been the most expensive perfume in the world at one point. It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929 stock market crash.
L’Air duTemps
Francis Farbon created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. The fragrance is known for its spicy (香的) carnation (康乃馨) and gardenia (栀子) scents as well as its beautiful crystal (水晶的) bottle (designed by Lalique).
Eternity
Calvin Klein’s second perfume was created by Sophia Grojsman in 1988. Known for its light, flowery scent, the perfume was listed in the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 2003. It is recommended for daytime wear.
Angel
This wildly popular perfume was created in 1992 by Olivier Cresp for Thierry Mugler. The perfume was an instant success. The perfume has often been described as “delicious”, owing to its chocolatey (巧克力味的) scent. The perfume comes in beautiful star-shaped bottles. Angel perfume also comes in several bath and body products.
小题1:Who created Joy?

A．Henri Alméras.	B．Jean Patou.
C．Sophia Grojsman.	D．Jacques Guerlain.

小题2:Which of the following perfumes is known for its wonderful crystal bottle?

小题3:The Angel perfume has been described as delicious because of __________.

A．its spicy scent	B．its special bottle design
C．its vanilla scent	D．its chocolatey scent

小题4:Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Emperor Shah Jehan created the Shalimar perfume for one of his wives.

B．Joy was created to cheer people up after the stock market crash.

C．Lalique created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948.

D．Eternity was listed into the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 1988.

小题5:Where can you probably see this article?

A．In a textbook.	B．In the newspaper.
C．In a travel magazine.	D．In a fashion magazine.

The USA is a land of immigrants. Between 1815 and 1914, the world witnessed the greatest peaceful migration in its history: 35 million people, mostly Europeans, left their homelands to start new lives in America. Why did these people risk everything by leaving their homes and families?
First, what forced emigrants to make the decision to leave? One major cause for European farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. Another was politics. There was an increased taxation（税收） and the growth of armies, and many young men fled eastern Europe to avoid being forced to join the army.
Physical hunger provided another pressing reason. Following the collapse （衰退）of the economy of southern Italy in the 1860s, hundreds of thousands decided to start a new life in America. Religion also encouraged millions to leave the Old World.
In short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. As a result, by 1890 among a total population of 63 million, there were more than nine million foreign-born Americans.
But what were the attractions? First of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in Europe. Next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. Men were needed to open up the West and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. There was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace.
This immigration meant that by around the 1850s Americans of non-English had started to be more than those of English. As we know, there were losers. To start with, there were those unwilling immigrants, the slaves who had been used as a source of cheap labour. Nor should we forget the equally unlucky American Indians. By 1860 there were 27 million free whites, four million slaves and a mere 488,000 free blacks.
Nowadays, the USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. As always, it remains an attractive place to those who think it will offer them a second chance.
小题1:What is not the cause for people to leave their homeland?

A．The search for religious freedom.

B．The search for adventure.

C．Unwillingness to join the army.

D．Economics.

小题2:Why was life of the 19th Century European farmers difficult?

A．There was no land.

B．There was no peace.

C．The population had gone down.

D．There were too many of them.

小题3: Which of the following was not an attraction of the USA?

A．Employment	B．A healthy life
C．freedom of religion	D．Business opportunities

小题4:What is the topic of this passage?

A．The USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land.

B．The USA is a land of immigrants.

C．Religion encouraged millions to leave the Old World.

D．About one-eighth of non-native born Americans live in the USA in 1890.

小题5: The American Indians __________.

A．were as fortunate as the slaves

B．were more unfortunate than the slaves

C．were the most unfortunate

D．were as unfortunate as the slaves

American women experience a great variety of lifestyle. A typical American woman may be single. She may also be divorced or married. She may be a homemaker, a doctor or a factory worker. It is very difficult to generalize about American women. However, one thing that many American women have in common is their attitudes about themselves and their roles in American life.
Historically, American women have always been very independent. The first settlers to come to New England were ten young couples that had left behind their extended families. The women were alone in a new, undeveloped country with their husbands. This has two important effects. First of all, this was the uncivilized environment that demanded every person to share in developing it and in survival. Women worked with their husbands and children to make themselves accepted in this new land. Second, because they were in a new land without the established influence of older members of society, women felt free to step into non—traditional roles.
This role of women was strengthened in later years as Americans move west again, leaving families behind and meeting a new environment. Even later, in the east, as new settlers arrived, women often found jobs more easily than men. Women became the supporters of the family.
Within the established lifestyle of the industrialized twentieth century, the strong role of women was not attractive as in the early days of the country. Some women stepped into the men’s jobs as factory and business workers. After the war, some women stayed in these positions, and others left their jobs with a new sense of ability.
小题1:A typical American woman is______________.

A．single or married	B． divorced
C．sure about herself and her role	D． all of the above

小题2: During the industrialized twentieth century, the role of women__________.

A．was found out

B．was as important as before.

C．declined

D．was stronger than that of the early days

小题3: Women took part in men’s job during the time of_________.

A．the Second World War

B． the Westward Movement

C． the early immigration

D． the industrialized twentieth century.

According to legend, the Bridge of Sighs in Venice, Italy, which connects the Palazzo Ducale to an ancient prison, got its name because the walk across it gave prisoners on their way to jail a final chance to appreciate the beauty of the city.
The view from the bridge today, however, is more likely to be of a giant billboard selling Bulgari or Coca – cola. Beyond the billboards, monuments are being restored. The money comes from advertising profits.
But when the Coke billboards went up this summer on buildings near the Piazza San Marco, which is at the historic heart of Venice, there was a public debate.
“We can’t commercialize everything,” said Alessandra Mottola Molfino, a Venetian. “The lesson that goes out is that a price is for everything.”
“We couldn’t stay quiet,” said Maria Camilla Bianchini d’Alberigo, president of a heritage protection association. “Too much is too much.”
There needed to be rules, she added, rules that prevent the advertising billboards clashing (冲突) with the monuments of the city.
City of officials, however, argue that without these ads, the city could not afford to maintain its heritage. Many have been damaged by centuries of wear and are even a threat to public safety.
“I can’t turn down the image of bottle when there are pieces of the Palazzo Ducale falling to the ground,” said Renata Codello, a Cultrue Ministry official.
The Culture Minister has a budget of about $ 47 million (315 million yuan) for restoration of monuments, but Italy has a rich architectural heritage, and funds are always tight．Of that amount,
$ 1.8 million was given to the entire Vector region, which includes Venice．
Two years ago, the city signed an agreement with the Dotter Group, a company responsible for the restoration of the Bridge of Sighs and the Palazzo Ducale．It allows it to sell ad space．
But there is a condition in the agreement: The ads should not offend public taste,
In August, Venice banned US actress Julianne Moore's Bulgrari ad from a billboard in the Piazza San Marco．
The photo shows a naked Moore covered with lion cubs, handbags and jewelry, Mayor Giorgio Orsoni called the image too racy (猥亵) and unsuitable for the Piazza San Marco．
"I take account of the fact that Venice is part of the real world… but we cannot accept these Hollywood-style images．There arc intelligent sponsors, and we need to come up with advertising that suits Venice, not Times Square," he said in a speech．
小题1:The article is mainly about in Venice

A．restoration of cultural heritage

B．widespread commercialization

C．the conflict between ads and cultural heritage

D．the difficulty of restoring monuments

小题2:In the first paragraph, the beautiful view from the Bridge of Sighs is mentioned to .

A．introduce other monuments of the ancient city

B．show how much many ancient structures need restoring

C．indicate that the view is blocked by huge ads

D．create interest in the famous city

小题3:From the article we can conclude that Rcnata Codello the advertising．

A．is in favor of	B．is worried about
C．objects to	D．doesn't mind

小题4:Why do many Venetians complain about the ads?

A．They are intolerant of commercialization．

B．They feel the ads are damaging the city．

C．The ads are usually racy and in an American style．

D．The ads don't present a traditional view of Venice,

小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that

A．Hollywood stars' ads cannot go up in Venice

B．the mayor of Venice is expecting new advertising

C．the Dotter Group may stop its restoration work for lack of funds

D．people can buy Bulgaria or Coca-cola on the Bridge of Sighs

They like using the Internet．They have lots of pocket money to spend．And they spend a higher proportion of it online than the rest of us．Teenagers are just the sort of people an online seller is interested in, and the things they want to buy－games, CDs and clothing－are easily sold on the Web.
But paying online is a tricky business for consumers who are too young to own credit cards．Most have to use a parent’s card．They want a facility that allows them to spend money.
That may come sooner than they think: new ways to take pocket money into cyber (网络的) space are coming out rapidly on both sides of the Atlantic．If successful, these products can stimulate online sales.
In general, teenagers spend huge amounts: $153bn (billion) in the US last year and ￡20bn annually in the UK．Most teenagers have access to the Internet at home or at school－88 percent in

the US, 69 percent in the UK．According to the Jupiter Research, one in eight of those with Internet access has bought something online－mainly CDs and books.
In most cases, parents pay for these purchases with credit cards, an arrangement that is often unsatisfactory for them and their children．Pressing parents to spend online is less productive than pressing on the high street．They are more likely to ask “Why?” if you ask to spend some money online.
One way to help teenagers change notes and coins into cybercast is through prepaid cards such as Internet Cash in the US and Smart cards in the UK．Similar to those for pay-as-you-go mobile telephones, they are sold in amounts such as￡20 or $50 with a concealed 14-digit number that can be used to load the cash into an online account.
小题1:What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 refer to?

小题2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．More than half of the teenagers in the US and the UK have Internet access．

B．Teenagers pay for goods online with their own credit cards.

C．Most teenagers in the US and the UK have bought something online.

D．Teenagers found it easier to persuade parents to buy online than in a shop.

小题3:A new way to help teenagers shop online is to use ______.

A．a new machine	B．special coins and notes
C．prepaid cards	D．pay-as-you-go mobile phones

小题4:What is the passage mainly about?

A．Online shopping traps.	B．Internet users in the US and the UK.
C．New credit cards for parents.	D．The arrival of cyber pocket money.

As we all know sewing-machine(缝纫机) repair is one of the fastest growing businesses in the world today. Newspapers, women’s magazines, high schools and colleges are all encouraging millions of American women to do their own sewing, not only to make their own shirts and sweaters, but also to make nice clothes for their husbands, sons, or boyfriends. The lattes figures(数字) show that over 89 million American women, because of the high costs of ready-to-wear clothing are now making almost all of their families’ clothes. Most of these women get great satisfaction from making the family clothes on their own sewing machines. So it is natural that the demand(要求) for excellent service of sewing machines is growing.
Think of it! 89 million or more sewing machines, not including another 10 million sewing machines in schools of all kinds, need service at least once a year, and quite possibly four or more times each year. I know some women who return their sewing machines to repairmen time after time to get them fixed properly. I’ve seen sewing machines come out of repair shops in worse condition than they were when they went in.
So I’ve decided to write an introduction book to sewing-machine repair and teach people how to repair their own sewing machines at home. It’s not that difficult. In the book, I will teach you everything you need to know about how to repair your sewing machine.
小题1:The author wrote the passage to .

A．teach women to repair their sewing machines.

B．explain his or her purpose in writing the book

C．introduce the reasons for doing one’s own sewing

D．tell us that sewing-machine repair is a fast-growing business

小题2:American women make clothes by themselves because .

A．they cannot buy the clothes they see in magazines

B．their husbands or boyfriends want them to do so

C．ready-to-wear clothes cost a great deal of money

D．they can’t get great satisfaction from buying clothes

小题3:We learn from the passage that sewing machines .

A．aren’t very difficult to be repaired

B．cannot work well after one year

C．don’t easily get broken

D．need service 4 times a month

小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that .

A．the book will also show you how to make nice clothes

B．there are not enough sewing-machine-repair shops in America

C．over 99 million sewing machines need service at least once a year

D．the demand for excellent service of sewing machines grows the fastest in America

A．the shortage of resources	B．global growth and economic stability
C．the changing economic situations	D．the need to accept new members

试题分类