题目内容
已知各项均为正数的数列{an}满足a0=
,an=an-1+
,其中n=1,2,3,….
(1)求a1和a2的值;
(2)求证:
-
<
;
(3)求证:
<an<n.
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
(1)求a1和a2的值;
(2)求证:
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| n2 |
(3)求证:
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
分析:(1)根据递推关系an=an-1+
,即可求出a1和a2的值;
(2)利用放缩法可得an=an-1+
<an-1+
anan-1,然后两边同时除以anan-1即可得到结论;
(3)根据(2)可得an<n,从而an-1>
an,即
-
>
>
=
-
,
-
=
-
,而a1=
,从而
<
+
<1+
=
,∴a n>
,即可证得结论.
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
(2)利用放缩法可得an=an-1+
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
(3)根据(2)可得an<n,从而an-1>
| n2 |
| n2+n-1 |
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| n2+n-1 |
| 1 |
| n(n+1) |
| 1 |
| n |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| 1 |
| a1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 5 |
| 6 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
| n+1 |
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
解答:解:(1)∵a0=
,
∴a1=
+(
)2=
,a2=
+
×(
)2=
.
(2)∵an-an-1=
>0,
∴an=an-1+
<an-1+
anan-1,∴
-
<
.
(3)
-
=(
-
)+(
-
)+…(
-
)<1+
+
…+
<1+
+
+…+
=1+(1-
)+(
-
)+…+(
-
)=2-
又a0=
,
∴an<n.
∵an=an-1+
<an-1+
(n-1)•an-1=
an-1,
∴an-1>
an.
∴an=an-1+
>an-1+
an-1•
a n=an-1+
a nan-1.
∴
-
>
>
=
-
∴
-
=(
-
)+(
-
)+…(
-
)>(
-
)+(
-
)+…(
-
)=
-
.
∵a1=
,∴
<
+
<1+
=
,∴a n>
.
综上所述,
<an<n.
| 1 |
| 2 |
∴a1=
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 57 |
| 64 |
(2)∵an-an-1=
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
∴an=an-1+
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| n2 |
(3)
| 1 |
| a0 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| a0 |
| 1 |
| a1 |
| 1 |
| a1 |
| 1 |
| a2 |
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| 22 |
| 1 |
| 32 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
| 1 |
| 1×2 |
| 1 |
| 2×3 |
| 1 |
| (n-1)n |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 3 |
| 1 |
| n-1 |
| 1 |
| n |
| 1 |
| n |
又a0=
| 1 |
| 2 |
∴an<n.
∵an=an-1+
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | n-1 2 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
| n2+n-1 |
| n2 |
∴an-1>
| n2 |
| n2+n-1 |
∴an=an-1+
| 1 |
| n2 |
| a | 2 n-1 |
| 1 |
| n2 |
| n2 |
| n2+n-1 |
| n2 |
| n2+n-1 |
∴
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| n2+n-1 |
| 1 |
| n(n+1) |
| 1 |
| n |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
∴
| 1 |
| a1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| a1 |
| 1 |
| a2 |
| 1 |
| a2 |
| 1 |
| a3 |
| 1 |
| an-1 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 3 |
| 1 |
| 3 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 1 |
| n |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
∵a1=
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 1 |
| an |
| 5 |
| 6 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| 1 |
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
| n+1 |
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
综上所述,
| n+1 |
| n+2 |
点评:本题主要考查了数列的递推关系,以及数列与不等式的综合运用,同时考查了计算能力,属于难题.
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