Question

8£®£¨1£©»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦¿ÉÊÓΪ¾É¼ü¶ÏÁѺÍмüÐγɵĹý³Ì£®»¯Ñ§¼üµÄ¼üÄÜÊÇÐγɣ¨»ò²ð¿ª£©1mol»¯Ñ§¼üʱÊÍ·Å£¨»òÎüÊÕ£©µÄÄÜÁ¿£®ÒÑÖª£ºN¡ÔN¼üµÄ¼üÄÜÊÇ948.9kJ•mol^-1£¬H-H¼üµÄ¼üÄÜÊÇ436.0kJ•mol^-1£»ÓÉN₂ºÍH₂ºÏ³É1molNH₃ʱ¿É·Å³ö46.2kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£®
N-H¼üµÄ¼üÄÜÊÇ391.6 kJ•mol^-1£®¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄìرä¡÷S£¼0£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©£®
£¨2£©¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉÔÚÉú²úºÍ¿ÆѧÑо¿ÖÐÓкÜÖØÒªµÄÒâÒ壮ÓÐЩ·´Ó¦µÄ·´Ó¦ÈÈËäÈ»ÎÞ·¨Ö±½Ó²âµÃ£¬µ«¿Éͨ¹ý¼ä½ÓµÄ·½·¨²â¶¨£®ÏÖ¸ù¾ÝÏÂÁÐ3¸öÈÈ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£º
Fe₂O₃£¨s£©+3CO£¨g£©=2Fe£¨s£©+3CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-24.8kJ•mol^-1
3Fe₂O₃£¨s£©+CO£¨g£©¨T2Fe₃O₄£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-47.2kJ•mol^-1
Fe₃O₄£¨s£©+CO£¨g£©¨T3FeO£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=+640.5kJ•mol^-1
д³öCOÆøÌ廹ԭFeO¹ÌÌåµÃµ½Fe ¹ÌÌåºÍCO₂ÆøÌåµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£ºCO£¨g£©+FeO£¨s£©=Fe£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-218.0 kJ•mol^-1£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©¸ù¾Ý¶ÏÁѾɼüÒªÎüÈÈ£¬ÐγÉмüÒª·ÅÈÈ£¬·´Ó¦ÈȵÈÓÚ·´Ó¦ÎïµÄ×ܼüÄܼõÈ¥Éú³ÉÎïµÄ×ܼüÄܼÆË㣻ÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬ìØÔ½´ó£»
£¨2£©COÆøÌ廹ԭFeO¹ÌÌåµÃµ½Fe ¹ÌÌåºÍCO₂ÆøÌåµÄ·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCO£¨g£©+FeO£¨s£©=Fe£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖª·½³ÌʽºÍ¸Ç˹¶¨ÂɼÆËã·´Ó¦ÈÈ£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¾ÝÌâÒ⣬µªÆøºÍÇâÆø·´Ó¦Éú³É1mol°±Æøʱ·Å³ö46.2KJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ÓÖ¡÷H=·´Ó¦ÎïµÄ¼üÄÜ-Éú³ÉÎïµÄ¼üÄÜ£¬
1mol°±ÆøÖÐÓÐ3molN-H¼ü£¬ÉèÆä¼üÄÜΪx£¬ÔòÓÐ0.5¡Á948.9+1.5¡Á436.0-3x=-46.2£¬¿É½âµÃx=391.6£¬ËùÒÔN-H¼üµÄ¼üÄÜΪ391.6kJ/mol£¬
N₂ºÍH₂ºÏ³ÉNH₃µÄ·½³ÌʽΪ£ºN₂+3H₂?2NH₃£¬ÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¼õÉÙ£¬ËùÒÔìؼõС£¬¼´ìرä¡÷S£¼0£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º391.6 kJ•mol^-1£»£¼£»
£¨2£©Fe₂O₃£¨s£©+3CO£¨g£©=2Fe£¨s£©+3CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-24.8kJ/mol ¢Ù
3Fe₂O₃£¨s£©+CO£¨g£©=2Fe₃O₄£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-47.2kJ/mol ¢Ú
Fe₃O₄£¨s£©+CO£¨g£©=3FeO£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=+640.5kJ/mol ¢Û
¢Ù¡Á3-¢Ú-¢Û¡Á2µÃ
6CO£¨g£©+6FeO£¨s£©=6Fe£¨s£©+6CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=£¨-24.8kJ/mol£©¡Á3-£¨-47.2kJ/mol£©-£¨+640.5kJ/mol£©¡Á2=-1308.0kJ/mol£¬
¼´ CO£¨g£©+FeO£¨s£©=Fe£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-218.0kJ/mol
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCO£¨g£©+FeO£¨s£©=Fe£¨s£©+CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-218.0kJ/mol£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд¡¢¸Ç˹¶¨ÂɵļÆËãÅжϡ¢·´Ó¦ÈȵļÆËãÓ¦ÓᢾݼüÄܼÆËãìʱ䣬עÒâ¸Ç˹¶¨ÂɵÄÓ¦Óã¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬²àÖØÓÚ¿¼²éѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍ¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦£®