题目内容

【题目】阅读新疆近30年来的部分地理资料,回答下列问题。

天山冰川

面积

雪线

约9 500多平方千米,减少22%

年均上升2至6.5米

博斯腾湖

(1986年以来)

水位

面积

上升4米

由880平方千米扩大到1 000多平方千米

南疆气候

相对湿度

降水量

平均增加4%~10%

平均增加20.4%

(1)结合所学知识,简述以上变化的形成原因。

(2)以上变化对该地区的地理环境可能产生哪些影响?

【答案】

(1)全球变暖,冰川消融;造成汇入湖泊的河流径流量增加;(气温升高和湖泊面积的扩大)蒸发量增加,促进了水汽循环,导致当地湿度和降水增加。

(2)有利:降水、河流径流增多,对缓解干旱有利(或对植物生长有利)。

不利:冰川消融,将导致淡水资源的短缺(或降水、河流径流增多,容易引发洪水、泥石流等灾害)。

【解析】

试题分析:

(1)由表中数据可以看出,新疆近30年来,冰川面积减小,雪线上升;湖泊水位上升,面积增加;空气湿度增加,降水增加。主要是由于全球气候变暖,冰川消融量增加,河流径流量增加,湖泊面积扩大,蒸发量增加,促进了水汽循环,导致当地湿度和降水增加。

(2)表中数据变化对地理环境的影响可以分为利弊两方面。水量增加,可以缓解旱情,有利于农业生产;冰川消融,将导致淡水资源短缺,不利于该地区的生态可持续发展。

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【题目】Some pigs lend to be optimistic while others have a more pessimistic view, according to a new research that is meaningful to animal welfare. The study, published in the journal Biology Letters, is the first to show that mood and personality interact in an animal, influencing judgment.

Asher, a researcher at his University of Newcastles Institute of Neuroscience, and her team housed groups of pigs in the two types of environments. One reflected standard commercial conditions and the other was cushier with more space and plenty of sell, deep straw. After that, the researchers picked 18 pigs from each type of housing arrangement to train their judgment.

To do this, we trained each pig there would be a bowl with chocolate sweets specifically M&Ms, pigs love M&Ms and in a bowl at the opposite side of the room there would be a bowl that would contain coffee beans, which pigs find bitter-tasting, senior author Lisa Collins said.

Over number of training trials, pigs learned to go to the bowl reliably when it was in the corner where they had figured out to expect M&Ms. On the contrary, they quickly learned to avoid the bowl when it wasn’t in the comer where they would expect to find the coffee beans.

The researchers next placed an unfamiliar bowl in different locations, to see how the pigs would react. Some gaily dashed to the bowl no matter what, exhibiting optimism that it would contain their favorite seeds. Others, however, behaved as though they expected it to contain coffee beans, displaying pessimism.

The findings suggest that a one size- fits - all answer to animal welfare issues does not exist. Student have suggested that how an animal is trended during his lifetime can directly affect meal quality and taste.

【1】What was the study devoted to figuring out?

A. The influence of pigs living environment.

B. The influence between humans and pigs.

C. The differences of two types of pigs’ personality.

D. The relationship between pigs mood and judgment.

【2】What does the underlined word “cushier” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Simple. B. More comfortable.

C. Non-profitable. D. Less free.

【3】Which bowl can test whether a pig is optimistic or pessimistic?

A. The bowl with chocolate sweets.

B. The bowl containing coffee beans.

C. The bowl full of both sweets and beans.

D. The bowl unfamiliar to two types of pigs.

【4】What do the findings of the new research imply?

A. People should treat pigs equally.

B. Peoples health relies on meat quality.

C. People should meet pigs various needs.

D. Peoples attitude toward pigs is totally wrong.

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