题目内容

【题目】 Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from_____ home and running in the open air. _____, a new study shows _____the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather _____improve one’s performance(身体机能). Many people say running in _______ winter is difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and strong winds. Yet many runners might find _____easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is _____than in warmer conditions. Besides, the body needs less water _______a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from John Brewer, a _______ scientist at St. Mary’s University in London. Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat _____by sweating, and that the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. But sweating puts much strain(张力)on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it is______ harder to lose heat when the external environment is warm ______. In addition, running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates. Scientists find that heart rates are about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. However, running in cooler temperatures has ______advantages. One is that the body does not have to work so hard to pump blood to the skin surface in cooler temperatures, which means running requires less energy. Several websites note that the most important thing for people ________run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. And especially, keeping as dry as possible is very important ____________ exercising in low temperatures.

1A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.to leave

2A.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Yet

3A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.if

4A.helpB.to helpC.helpsD.helping

5A.aB.anC.theD./

6A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it

7A.lowerB.lowC.lowestD.more low

8A.atB.ofC.inD.on

9A.sportB.sportsC.sport’sD.sports’

10A.areB.isC.wereD.was

11A.manyB.moreC.muchD.most

12A.as wellB.alsoC.norD.either

13A.anyB.someC.muchD.few

14A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who

15A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.until

【答案】

1B

2C

3B

4C

5D

6D

7A

8D

9B

10B

11C

12A

13B

14D

15A

【解析】

这篇短文主要讲述了在寒冷的天气里跑步可以提高人的身体素质。

1句意:冬季寒冷的天气可能使许多人无法离开家,在户外跑步。

考查现在分词。A. leave离开;原形;B. leaving离开;现在分词;C. left离开,过去式;D. to leave离开,动词不定式。短语keep sb. from doing 表示使某人远离做某事,from介词,后加动名词。根据句意,故选B

2句意:然而,一项新的研究表明,气温下降是跑步的一个好理由。

考查副词。A. But但是;B. Therefore因此;C. However然而;D. Yet仍然,还。根据下文a new study shows ___3___the drop in temperature is a good reason to run可知这里是表示转折。故选C

3句意:然而,一项新的研究表明,气温下降是跑步的一个好理由。

考查连接词。A. what什么;B. that那个;C. whether是否;D. if是否,如果。这里是宾语从句,这里用that引导。根据句意,故选B

4句意:研究人员说,事实上,在寒冷的天气里跑步有助于提高人的表现。

考查动词。A. help帮助;原形;B. to help帮助,动词不定式;C. helps帮助,第三人称单数;D. helping帮助,现在分词。running在这里是动名词做主语,谓语动词变第三人称单数。根据句意,故选C

5句意:很多人说冬天跑步很难。

考查冠词。A. a不定冠词,首字母是元音音素;B. an一个,首字母是辅音音素; C. the定冠词;D. /in+季节,中间不加任何冠词。in winter表示在冬天。根据题意,故选D

6句意:然而,许多跑步者可能发现在炎热的天气里跑步更容易。

考查代词。A. that那个;B. this这个;C. its它的;D. it它。find+it+形容词+to do的形式;it在这里是形式宾语。根据句意,故选D

7句意:当你在寒冷的天气跑步时,你的心率比在温暖的环境下要低。

考查形容词的比较级。A. lower更低;B. low低的;C. lowest最低的;D. more low语法错误。根据in warmer conditions.可知这里是说更低,low的比较级lower。根据句意,故选A

8句意:此外,寒冷的天气比温暖的天气需要更少的水。

考查介词。A. at在……;B. of……的;C. in在……;里面;D. on在……上。在具体的一天,在day的前面有修饰词用介词on。根据题意,故选D

9句意:这些信息来自伦敦圣玛丽大学的运动科学家约翰·布鲁尔。

考查名词。A. sport运动;单数;B. sports运动,复数;C. sport’s运动的;D. sports’运动的,复数;根据下文Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat.可知这里是说运动科学家。sport名词作定语,要用复数形式作定语。根据句意,故选B

10句意:他解释说,我们散热的一种方式是出汗,身体也通过将血液输送到皮肤表面来散热。考查be动词。A. are是,复数;B. is是,单数;C. were是,复数,过去式;D. was是,单数,过去式。主语是one way可知,谓语动词用单数,这里是一般现在时态,这里用is。根据题意,故选B

11句意:因为当外部环境也很温暖的时候,也很难散热。

考查不定代词。A. many许多,修饰可数名词复数;B. more更多;C. much许多,修饰不可数名词;D. most最多。这里是修饰形容词或副词的比较级用much来修饰。根据句意,故选C

12句意:因为当外部环境也很温暖的时候,也很难散热。

考查副词。A. as well也;用在句尾。B. also也,在句中;C. nor也不是;D. either用在否定句中也不;这里表示也用在句尾。根据题意,故选A

13句意:但是,在较低的温度下运行有一些优点。

考查不定代词。A. any任何;B. some一些;C. much许多,修饰不可数名词;D. few很少,修饰可数名词复数。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据题意,故选B

14句意:一些网站指出,对于在寒冷条件下跑步的人来说,最重要的是穿上合适的衣服。

考查定语从句的关系词。A. which关系词,先行词指物;B. whom关系词,先行词指人;C. whose关系词,在句中作定语;D. who关系词,先行词指人。先行词是人,关系用who,在句中做主语。根据题意,故选D

15句意:尤其是,当在低温下运动时,保持尽可能干燥是非常重要的。

考查连接词。A. when当……的时候;B. after在……之后;C. before在……之前;D. until直到。根据exercising in low temperatures.可知这里when引导的时间状语从句。根据句意,故选A

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