Question

【题目】下面文章中有五处需要添加首句。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A desert is a very dry land where there is hardly any rain. In the day, it can be so hot that you could fry an egg on the ground. But during the night it is sometimes so cold that water would turn into ice.

【1】. But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat. The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand.

【2】. But there is water deep under the ground and some plants have roots that go very deep to find it. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can take in the rain as soon as it falls. Camels are living in the deserts. They store water--inside their bodies.

【3】. They have to be very good at seeing and hearing because most of them only come out at night. This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears.

【4】. But they always make their homes near an oasis. An oasis is where water comes from an underground river. Near an oasis, people can grow lots of plants and keep animals.

【5】. But desert people like to live there. So do the desert animals and plants.

A. There are some other animals live in deserts, too.

B. A desert fox has bigger ears than a normal fox.

C. Many deserts are covered in sand.

D. Some people live in the desert.

E. Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year.

F. Life is hard in the desert.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】E

【3】A

【4】D

【5】F

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于沙漠的知识。

【1】句意：许多沙漠都被沙子覆盖着。

根据下文But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat可知，有一些沙漠有山体、岩石和在高温下干涸的湖泊，其中but提示前一句所提到的应该也是“沙漠里有什么”，且与这些（山、岩石和在高温下干涸的湖泊）不同，再根据下文The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand可知，非洲的撒哈拉沙漠大部分是沙子，澳大利亚沙漠有红色的沙子，可推断本段首句句意应与“沙漠里面有沙子”有关，C选项Many deserts are covered in sand符合句意，故应选C。

【2】句意：有时一整年都不下雨。

根据下文But there is water deep under the ground可知，地表深处有水，本句与句首为转折关系，故句首句意应与缺水有关，E选项Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year符合句意，故应选E。

【3】句意：还有其他一些动物也生活在沙漠里。

根据下文This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears可知，这就是为什么沙漠的动物有大眼睛大耳朵的原因，可推出句首句意与动物有关，且根据many desert animals可知不只是说一种动物，A、B选项中A选项There are some other animals live in deserts, too更为符合句意，故应选A。

【4】句意：有些人住在沙漠里。

根据下文they always make their homes near oasis可知，他们会把家安在绿洲附近，那里有地下水，可以种植物和养动物，所讲内容和人类居住相关，D选项Some people live in the desert符合句意，故应选D。

【5】句意：沙漠里的生活很艰苦。

根据下文But desert people like to live there. So do the desert animals and plants可知，但是人们喜欢住在那里，沙漠的动物和植物也是，本句与句首为转折关系，可知首句句意与居住环境或条件不佳有关，F选项Life is hard in the desert符合句意，故应选F。

观察本题不难知道，每段话都是围绕一个中心意思写的，而每一段的首句就是本段的中心句，中心句和其他句子是一种概括和阐释的关系。

要做这类型的题目，只需要找到中心句与其他句子的关联即可。以第1小题和第2小题为例。第1小题从后面的句子中可以找到山体、岩石、湖泊、沙子等关键词，可推断该段与沙漠的地表覆盖物有关，去到选项中进行寻找，C选项Many deserts are covered in sand显然说的就是沙漠的地表覆盖物大多是沙子，所以C选项是本小题正确答案。第2小题从后面的句子中可以找到一个关键词，就是水，去到选项中进行寻找，六个选项中与水有关的只有E选项Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year中提到的降雨，所以E选项是本小题正确答案。