Question

【题目】 In England, people used to stand on the right of escalators(扶梯), allowing others to walk on the left. But there is some change to this rule. People can stand on both sides of escalators at Holborn station. As one of the busiest stations of London Underground, Holborn was the first station in the country to ask travelers to stand on both the right and left sides of escalators. A test was carried out first. The test which lasted for three weeks showed that standing on both sides actually reduced(减少)congestion by 30 percent—16 , 220 people an hour are able to travel on the escalator during rush hours compared to the usual 12 ,745 when both standing and walking are allowed.

Transport for London (TfL) hopes the new standing rule will make the most of wasted space on longer escalators, where most people choose to wait on the right. London Underground Operation director Peter McNaught said, Few customers choose to walk on longer escalators such as at Holborn, so much of the left-hand side is unused. We hope that this can lead to reduced congestion at Holborn and make journeys easier for all of our customers.”

【1】In England, people used to walk .

A.on the right of escalatorsB.on the left of escalators

C.in the middle of escalatorsD.at the foot of escalators

【2】.How long did the test last?

A.For three weeks.B.For four weeks

C.For two months.D.For one month.

【3】London Underground Operation director Peter McNaught encouraged people to .

A.stand on both sidesB.stand on the left

C.stay at home oftenD.take the underground less

【4】What does the underlined word " congestion"mean in Chinese?

A.事故B.人数C.拥堵D.班次

【5】What does the passage mainly tell us?

A.The traffic in England.B.London Underground Operation director.

C.The number of people on escalators.D.New underground escalator rule in England.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】A

【4】C

【5】D

【解析】

在英国，人们习惯站在扶梯的右侧，然后让其他人在左侧通行。但是在霍尔本站特殊，要求两侧站着。因为实验显示两侧站立能够降低拥堵30%。伦敦交通建议采取两侧站立来提高扶梯的使用率，从而减少拥挤。

【1】细节理解题。根据In England, people used to stand on the right of escalators, allowing others to walk on the left.可知在英国，人们习惯站在扶梯的右侧，左侧行走。故选B。

【2】细节理解题。根据The test which lasted for three weeks showed…可知这是个为期三周的实验。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。最后一段中We hope that this can lead to reduced congestion at Holborn and make journeys easier for all of our customers. this指代的是“扶梯双侧站立”，因为根据文章内容可知双侧站立可以减少拥挤。故选A。

【4】词义猜测题。破折号后面16 , 220 people an hour are able to travel on the escalator during rush hours compared to the usual 12 ,745 when both standing and walking are allowed.是对前一句话的解释说明。根据实验内容可单侧站立单侧行走时能通过12745个人，而两侧站立一小时能通过16220人，可推测这种做法有效的减少了拥堵。故选C。

【5】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了伦敦的一项扶梯双侧站立的办法，这项办法能够有效降低拥堵。故选D。

做阅读理解的第一步就是要通读题干。注意审题，关注语境，根据上下文推断。例如4小题属于词义猜测题，这道题的解题就要联系上下文。

梳理文章脉络能够帮助学生尽快了解文章主旨大意。不同类型的阅读材料，往往依据不同结构进行写作。然后要注意内容上的连贯性。

一篇文章动辄运用一两千的词汇，尤其是科普性文章中，包含了大量的生僻学术语，答题者不可能全部了解。因此，学会通过上下文之间的联系进行猜词，是十分必要的。猜词也要有选择性的进行，学生没有必要遇到不会的词语就暂停阅读，花费大量时间猜测。首先，可以进行词性分析，结合该词在句子中的位置确定词性。对于那些命名词（例如科普文章中的一些学术名词）和修饰作用的形容词、副词，可以根据情况忽略。重点猜测有实际意义的动词。