题目内容

【题目】 It’s not strange to see people in the streets wearing masks (口罩) these days. It has become a habit for people _______ many parts of China, especially in the north, where the smog and PM 2.5 have been _________ influencing people’s lives.

Recently, Beijing issued a red alert (警报) for_________ air pollution. During red alert days, the PM 2.5 level in Beijing was around 300. “There was a burning smell in the air, and the thick smog blocks your way, keeping you from seeing _______,” Song Ting, a 21-year-old student in Harbin, told China Daily.

Beijing has already taken action. The government _________ limits (限制) on car use and cut some factory hours. It will also _________ companies that pollute. If they aren’t closed, heavily—polluting companies will have to buy water and electricity at higher prices. They also suggested that people reduce (减少) outdoor_________.

Although smog makes people stay indoors, an indoor environment does not always mean good air. Many parents have started to_________ their children’s health. They suggested that schools put air cleaners in classrooms, and some parents in Shanghai even _______ money themselves to buy air cleaners.

To help bring back blue skies, everyone can help out. We can take buses and subways instead of driving cars and taking taxis. People can also light fewer fireworks (烟花) during the Spring Festival and eat__________ street barbecue— both of these actions can reduce air pollution.

1A.inB.onC.atD.for

2A.greatlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.mostly

3A.largeB.heavyC.busyD.last

4A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.nobody

5A.gotB.movedC.wentD.set

6A.openB.closeC.takeD.run

7A.activitiesB.pollutionC.environmentD.practice

8A.argue aboutB.bring aboutC.read aboutD.worry about

9A.roseB.raisedC.costD.picked

10A.moreB.muchC.lessD.fewer

【答案】

1A

2A

3B

4C

5D

6B

7A

8D

9B

10C

【解析】

短文大意:本文关注的是环境污染问题,对北京的治霾措施给与了报道,提出了绿色出行,少放烟花和少吃街头烧烤等环保建议。

1句意:在中国的很多地方,尤其是北方,那些雾霾和pm2.5已经严重影响人们生活的地方,戴口罩已经成为人们的一种习惯。

in表示空间或范围,指较大的地方;on指在某物的表面;at表示某一点位置,指较小的地方;for一般不表示位置。根据“many parts of China中国的很多地方”,可知是大范围,故选A

2句意:在中国的很多地方,尤其是北方,那些雾霾和pm2.5已经严重影响人们生活的地方,戴口罩已经成为人们的一种习惯。

greatly大大地,表程度;hardly几乎不,表否定;nearly差不多;mostly主要地。influence影响,需用程度副词修饰;根据句意语境,可知雾霾对人们的生活影响很大,BCD三项不合句意,故选A

3句意:最近,北京发布了严重空气污染红色预警。

large大的;heavy重的;busy忙碌的;last最后的。根据下文“During red alert days在红色预警期间”,可知是严重空气污染,故选B

4句意:浓重的雾霾挡住了你的去路,让你什么都看不到。

something某物,表不确定;nothing没有东西,表完全否定;anything任何东西,用于否定句和疑问句代替somethingnobody没有人,表完全否定。keep from doing阻止做某事;根据上文“the thick smog blocks your way浓浓的雾霾挡住了你的去路”,可知看不清任何东西,故选C

5句意:政府规定了汽车的使用限制,并减少了一些工厂工作时间。

got得到;moved移动;went去;set设置。根据“limits on car use汽车的使用限制”,可知政府做出了限制,前面三项不合语境,故选D

6句意:它还将关闭污染环境的公司。

open开;close关;take拿走;run跑。根据下文假设“If they aren’t closed如果它们不关闭”,可知选B

7句意:他们还建议人们减少户外活动。

activities活动;pollution污染;environment环境;practice实践。根据下文“Although smog makes people stay indoors虽然雾霾使人们呆在室内”,可知减少了户外活动,故选A

8句意:许多家长开始担心孩子的健康。

argue about争论;bring about导致;read about读到;worry about担心。根据下文“They suggested that schools put air cleaners in classrooms他们建议学校在教室里安装空气净化器”,可知家长们担心孩子的健康,故选D

9句意:上海的一些家长甚至自己集资购买空气净化器。

rose增加;raised筹募钱财;cost价值,主语需是物;picked挑选。根据“to buy air cleaners买空气净化器”,可知家长们自筹资金,故选B

10句意:人们也可以在春节期间少放烟花,少吃街头烧烤——这些做法都可以减少空气污染。

more更多的,manymuch的比较级;much许多的,修饰不可数名词;less更少的,修饰不可数名词;fewer更少的,修饰复数名词。barbecue烧烤,不可数名词;根据“both of these actions can reduce air pollution这些都可以减少空气污染”,可知应该少吃街头烧烤,故选C

完形填空。主要题型有(1)考查词义辨析:名词辨析,形容词副词辨析,冠词辨析,介词连词辨析等;(2)考查句子时态,语态,要根据语境,选择正确的时态和语态的选项;(3)考查从句(宾语从句,定语从句,主语从句等);(4)根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。

本文关注的是环境污染问题,做题时要知道每一个词的意义和用法,根据上下文语境,然后结合句子结构选择适合语境或语法的选项。例如小题3,四个选项都是形容词:large大的;heavy重的;busy忙碌的;last最后的。根据下文“During red alert days在红色预警期间”,红色预警是很严重的警告,可知空气污染严重,故选B

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