Question

【题目】

Would you be able to go through a whole day without using a light bulb? Most people probably wouldn’t. Today, almost every building uses light bulbs as their main light source. Although we use them daily without much thought, light bulbs were once a costly and the newest technology. A lot of people’s hard work led to the light bulb’s invention, which has impacted our lives greatly.

The first light bulbs were glass containers that release light when an electric current heated a part inside called a filament (灯丝). Electric light bulbs are also known as incandescent (白炽) light bulbs. These days, we use energy-saving bulbs that are better for the environment. Nick Holonyak, Jr., an American engineer, invented the first light-emitting diode light (LED) in 1962. An LED light bulb uses one-third the electricity as an incandescent light and lasts far longer.

In 1802, a British scientist named Humphry Davy created the first electric light. Then, in 1835, other British scientists created the first constant stream of electric light, although the light didn’t shine very long. In the following decades, scientists experimented with light bulb filaments made of different types of materials, hoping to create a longer stream of electric light. In 1860, Joseph Swan found a material that produced a good light, but it burned out quickly. By this time, none of the light bulbs created were ready to be sold to the public for everyday use. Then, in 1878, Thomas Edison made more progress. He spent a lot of time researching what previous scientists had done. He and his team spent years experimenting with light bulb filaments. They eventually created the first light bulb that could release constant electric light for 1,200 hours. Edison immediately patented (取得专利) his light bulb design so that light bulbs could be produced and sold.

Light bulbs were safer and more convenient to use than oil lamps and candles. Increased use of light bulbs resulted in people being able to have a longer work day, so the average work day increased. Light bulbs also led to changes in building designs. Architects created windowless buildings, and lights could be placed in elevators and other new places.

【1】From Paragraph 1, we can learn that light bulbs were _______ in the past.

A. commonB. expensiveC. hardD. great

【2】According to the passage, which one invented the first electric light bulbs?

A. Nick Holonyak.B. Humphry Davy.

C. Joseph Swan.D. Thomas Edison.

【3】According to the passage, what was the main problem in improving light bulbs?

A. There was not enough money and engineering support.

B. There were no materials that could be used to save power.

C. Scientists from different countries couldn’t work together.

D. It was hard to find a filament material that shone long.

【4】According to the passage, which of the following statements in TRUE?

A. Light bulbs were as convenient as candles and oil lamps.

B. Edison made it possible to sell light bulbs to the public.

C. LED can save more power and make people’s work time longer.

D. Light bulbs make people stay in windowless rooms on work days.

【5】Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A. The invention we depend on.

B. The great inventers.

C. The history of science and technology.

D. What changes building designs?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】D

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

本文介绍了很多人的辛勤劳动导致了灯泡的发明，这对我们的生活影响很大。1802年，一位名叫汉弗莱·戴维的英国科学家发明了第一种电灯。在1878年，托马斯·爱迪生取得了更大的进步。他们最终制造了第一个灯泡，它可以释放持续1200小时的电灯。爱迪生立即为他的灯泡设计申请专利，以便生产和销售灯泡。灯泡也导致了建筑设计的变化。建筑师创造了无窗建筑，灯光可以放置在电梯和其他新的地方。

【1】细节理解题。根据Although we use them daily without much thought, light bulbs were once a costly and the newest technology. 尽管我们每天都在使用灯泡，但它曾经是一种昂贵的最新技术。可知，灯泡过去很贵。故选B。

【2】细节理解题。由句子In 1802, a British scientist named Humphry Davy created the first electric light. 可知，1802年，一位名叫汉弗莱·戴维的英国科学家发明了第一种电灯。故选B。

【3】细节理解题。根据He and his team spent years experimenting with light bulb filaments. 他和他的团队花了数年时间试验灯泡灯丝。可知，改进灯泡的主要问题是很难找到长时间发光的灯丝材料。故选D。

【4】细节理解题。根据Light bulbs were safer and more convenient to use than oil lamps and candles. 灯泡比油灯和蜡烛更安全、更方便使用。因此A错误；由句子Edison immediately patented (取得专利) his light bulb design so that light bulbs could be produced and sold.爱迪生立即为他的灯泡设计申请专利，以便生产和销售灯泡。可知，爱迪生使向公众出售灯泡成为可能。因此B正确；由句子An LED light bulb uses one-third the electricity as an incandescent light and lasts far longer. 一个LED灯泡使用三分之一的电能作为白炽灯，并且持续时间更长。而不是延长人们的工作时间。所以C不对；选项D. Light bulbs make people stay in windowless rooms on work days.与原文Architects created windowless buildings, and lights could be placed in elevators and other new places. 建筑师创造了无窗建筑，灯光可以放置在电梯和其他新的地方。不符。所以D错误。所以本题的答案为B。

【5】推理判断题。根据A lot of people’s hard work led to the light bulb’s invention, which has impacted our lives greatly. 很多人的辛勤劳动导致了灯泡的发明，这对我们的生活影响很大。可知，本文介绍了灯泡的发明对人类生活的影响。所以最好的题目是The invention we depend on. 我们所依赖的发明。故选A。