Question

【题目】 One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations（适应，改变）was Charles Darwin. He was born in England in 1809. He wasn' t the best student in his school. When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing（观察） nature more than attending medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.

Next, Charles' father sent him to school to become a minister （牧帀）.This time he made it to graduation, but he didn' t want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.

After graduation, Charles was invited to sail （乘船航行）on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist. He wasn’ t the first choice, but he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. The crew' s task was to make maps o the places they visited.

On December 27th, 1831, Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip \ was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During the time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study.

Twenty - three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring （后代）.

【1】The Beagle was a（ n） ,

A.shipB.planeC.plantD.animal

【2】When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was years old.

A.twenty - threeB.twenty - twoC.forty - fiveD.fifty

【3】The underlined word "they" in the last paragraph refers to .

A.adaptationsB.Darwin and WallaceC.animalsD.Darwin * s ideas

【4】Which of the following is true?

A.Darwin graduated from a medical school.

B.Some animals have adaptations so that they can survive.

C.Darwin published a scientific paper by himself.

D.Darwin was first chosen to sail on the Beagle.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】A

【4】B

【解析】

本文叙述了达尔文在上学时因为对父亲安排的学校的学习不感兴趣，自己在朋友的鼓励下，开始研究科学，进行了5年的一次航行，看到许多了不同种类的动植物，并把它们带回到英国进行研究，50岁的时候发表了论文。

【1】细节理解题。根据文中After graduation, Charles was invited to sail （乘船航行）on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist. 毕业后,查尔斯被邀请在贝格尔号作为一个无薪的科学家乘船航行。可知Beagle是一艘船的名字，故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据文中He was born in England in 1809.和On December 27th, 1831, Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five.以及Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace.可知，他出生于1809年，到1831年出海航行，是22岁，航行进行了5年，他就是27岁，而航行结束23年后出版的书就是50岁了，故选D。

【3】词义猜测题。根据文中Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring （后代）.达尔文描述了一些动物是如何适应环境以生存下来的。他们传递给后代。可知，句中动词are passed用的是被动结构，表达的是被传递，那么they代替的就是adaptations，故选A。

【4】细节理解题。根据文中When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing（观察） nature more than attending medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.当他16岁时，他的父亲送他去了一所医学院。比起上医学课，查尔斯更喜欢花时间在户外观察大自然。他没毕业就辍学了。可知他并没有医学院毕业，所以A选项错误；根据文中Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.达尔文描述了一些动物是如何适应环境以生存下来的。可知B选项正确；根据文中Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace.达尔文和另一个叫华莱士的人发表了一篇科学论文。可知他并不是独自发表的论文，所以C选项错误；根据文中He wasn’ t the first choice, but he was the lucky one to go.他不是第一人选，但他是幸运儿。可知，他并不是第一个被选择的，所以D选项错误，故选B。