题目内容
【题目】 A new rubbish sorting system (垃圾分类系统) has been put into use in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes (二维码) on it.
"When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money," one of the local people told reporters. "It's really creative and encouraging."
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What's more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits (经济利益). For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins -the red lid (盖子) bin for "general waste" like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for "recycling" like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for "green waste" such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
【1】Which of the following is NOT the consequence (后果) of burying rubbish?
A.Polluting soil.B.Polluting water.
C.Taking up a lot of land.D.Saving resources.
【2】Which paragraph discuss the economic benefits of rubbish sorting?
A.Paragraph 3.B.Paragraph 4.
C.Paragraph 5.D.Paragraph 6.
【3】In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A.The red lid bin.B.The yellow lid bin.
C.The green lid bin.D.The black lid bin.
【4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A.In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable (可回收的) waste.
B.In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.
C.Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.
D.Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】C
【3】A
【4】C
【解析】
本文介绍了中国，日本和澳大利亚采取的垃圾分类的政策。
【1】
细节理解题。根据“Much of the rubbish is buried in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知，填埋垃圾会占用很多土地，会有污染附近的土壤和水的危险，故选D。
【2】
推理判断题。根据“What's more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits (经济利益).”可知，第5段讨论了垃圾分类的经济效益。故选C。
【3】
推理判断题。根据“In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins -the red lid (盖子) bin for "general waste" like food and plastic bags,”在澳大利亚，你应该把晚饭后剩下的食物放在红色盖子的垃圾箱里，故选A。
【4】
推理判断题。根据“In Australia, …and the green lid bin for "green waste" such as grass and leaves.”可知，在澳大利亚，绿色盖子的垃圾箱被用于像草和树叶这样的“绿色废物”，不是所有的废物，因此A项不正确。根据“Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.”可知，日本有严格而详细的制度。当人们扔掉一个水瓶时，瓶盖、包装和瓶子本身必须放进三个不同的箱子里。因此B项不正确。根据“When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.”可知，如果日本人在扔掉一个水瓶时，不把包装纸拿掉，不能把瓶子扔进垃圾箱里，因此C项正确。根据“Japan has a strict and detailed system. … They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.”可知，日本人必须遵守当地的时间表和指示，严格地扔垃圾，不是澳大利亚人，因此D项不正确。故选C。
