Question

【题目】 Americans will long remember President Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States.

At the age of 19, Abraham Lincoln took a boat down the Ohio River to New Orleans. There Lincoln saw for the first time slaves being sold in the marketplace. At that time, Lincoln made up his mind to work to end slavery for the rest of his life.

In 1836, Lincoln became a lawyer and was famous for being hard-working and honest. He believed that the US stood for freedom for all. He wanted to become a senator (参议员). In 1858, Lincoln debated(争论) against Stephen Douglas who was also a candidate for the Senate from Illinois.

Because of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Lincoln became known across the country. Then he decided to run for the presidency in 1860. At last he ran against Stephen Douglas and two other candidates.

Lincoln took the oath (誓言) of office to become president of the United States on March 4, 1861. It was a difficult time to be president. Many southern states did not agree with Lincoln about canceling slavery, and declared(宣布) that they were no longer part of the US. The famous Civil War began in April, 1861.

Lincoln’s Union Army fought the Southern Confederate Armies. Many soldiers were killed in the battles. One of the battles took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. In 1863, a ceremony was held to memorize the dead on the Gettysburg battlefield. Lincoln made a famous speech known as the Gettysburg Address.

Unfortunately, Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford’s Theatre and passed away on the morning of April 15, 1865.

【1】Lincoln decided to work to end slavery because .

A. he became a lawyer

B. slaves were not sold in the marketplace

C. he expected the freedom for all

D. slaves mustn’t work for their lives

【2】What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?

A. 自由人B. 候选人C. 州长D. 奴隶主

【3】Lincoln was elected to be the president of the US in .

A. 1858B. 1860C. 1861D. 1863

【4】The Civil War broke out in the US because .

A. many southern states didn’t support Lincoln

B. southern states were not a part of the US

C. lincoln was shot at the theater

D. many soldiers were killed in the battles

【5】Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Lincoln passed away in the year of becoming a president.

B. Slaves could be sold in the marketplaces after 1865.

C. Stephen Douglas became famous for the speech in Gettysburg.

D. Lincoln made a great contribution to ending the slavery.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

本文介绍了美国历史中林肯废除奴隶制度从而进行美国内战的过程。

【1】细节理解题。根据There Lincoln saw for the first time slaves being sold in the marketplace. At that time, Lincoln made up his mind to work to end slavery for the rest of his life. 在那里，林肯第一次看到奴隶在市场上被买卖。那时，林肯下定决心要继续工作，结束奴隶制度，给奴隶自由。故选C。

【2】词意猜测题。句子In 1858, Lincoln debated(争论) against Stephen Douglas who was also a candidate for the Senate from Illinois.的意思是：1858年，林肯与史蒂芬·道格拉斯（Stephen Douglas）辩论，后者也是伊利诺伊州的参议院候选人。所以candidate意思是“候选人”，故选B。

【3】细节理解题。由句子Lincoln took the oath (誓言) of office to become president of the United States on March 4, 1861. 林肯于1861年3月4日宣誓就任美国总统。故选C。

【4】细节理解题。根据Many southern states did not agree with Lincoln about canceling slavery, and declared(宣布) that they were no longer part of the US. The famous Civil War began in April, 1861. 许多南方州不同意林肯取消奴隶制，并宣布他们不再是美国的一部分。因此内战爆发。故选A。

【5】细节理解题。由句子Unfortunately, Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford’s Theatre and passed away on the morning of April 15, 1865.可知，林肯是在1865年被枪杀。因此A错误；根据第五段可知，1861年林肯宣布废除奴隶制度，所以B错误；根据Lincoln made a famous speech known as the Gettysburg Address. 林肯发表了著名的葛底斯堡演说。可知，在葛底斯堡发表演讲的是林肯而不是道格拉斯。所以C错误；通读文章可知，林肯为结束奴隶制度做出了巨大的贡献，故答案为D。

用细节定位法来做细节理解题。

细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。

事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）熟练运用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。

做细节题具体方法与步骤如下：

略读材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。

按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。