Question

【题目】In fact,almost every country in the world is named after one of these four things: a tribe (部落) ，a feature (特征)of the land,a place or an important person.Here are some examples.

Tribe names

England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.

Important people

PHILIPPEINES---Named by Spanish explorer(探险家Ruy Lopez de Villalobos,in honour of King Philip II of Spain in 1542.

Land features

ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice",perhaps for clear reasons,from the ancient language of Old Norse.

Places

JAPAN- -Nippon,which is the name commonly used by Japanese,means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.

【1】The names of most countries of the world are named after

A. important people B. tribe names C. land features D. places

【2】Which country is named after the land feature?

A. Australia. B. England. C. Iceland. D. Japan.

【3】W hat do Japanese commonly name their country?

A. Spain. B. Japan. C. Nippon. D. China.

【4】W here can you probably see this passage?

A. In a storybook. B. In a guidebook.

C. In a medicine book. D. In a book of world place names.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 B

【2】 C

【3】 C

【4】 D

【解析】

世界上几乎美国国家的命名都与这些事情有关：一个部落、土地的特征、一个地方或一个重要的人。短文中作者分别给我们举例进行了说明。

【1】细节理解题。根据短文第二段中England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.可知，世界上有大约三分之一的国家是以部落命名的，由此可知应选B。

【2】细节理解题。根据短文第四段中Land Features ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice"可知，冰岛这个国家是以地貌特征命名的，故应选C。

【3】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段JAPAN- -Nippon, which is the name commonly used by Japanese, means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.可知，日本人通常用Nippon称呼自己的国家。由此可知应选C。

【4】推理判断题。这篇短文讲述的是世界上的国家是如何命名的，故D选项是正确的，意为“世界地名方面的书”。A选项是“故事书”；B选项是“旅行指南”；C选项是“医学书”，这三个选项都不符合文意。

这篇短文给我们讲述了世界上大多数国家的名字都是如何来的，并举例说明。文章主题明确，结构清晰，有利于我们理解文意。题型设置以细节理解题居多，考查我们对文章事实信息的理解，答案都可以在原文找到，做题时，应注意根据题目所问或是搜索一个关键词，定位到原文中，用相关的信息作答。例如第2小题，题目涉及的是Land Features，是在文章第四段中介绍的，根据这一段中举的例子ICELAND可知应选C。第4小题是一个推理题，考查文章的来源，这样的题目应结合文章的大意进行选择，文章介绍的是世界上大多数国家的命名，因此D选项符合文意。