Question

【题目】

What are fossils?

Fossils are the remains of plants or animals. For such remains to be considered fossils, scientists have decided they have to be over 10,000 years old.The word fossil comes from the Latin word “fossilis”, which means, “dig up”.Fossils can be divided into “body fossils” and “trace(痕迹) fossils”. Body fossils are the remains of a plant or animal’s body. Trace fossils are the remains of the activity of an animal, such as footprints, egg shells, and nests.

How are fossils formed?

Some animals were quickly covered after their death by sediment(沉淀物) like earth, mud or sand. Over time, the parts of the animals that didn’t rot (usually the harder parts like bones and teeth) were covered in the newly formed sediment. Then, a lot of chemical changes happened to the animals bodies. Water with minerals(矿物质) went into the bone and took the place of the chemicals in the bone with rock-like minerals. In the end we get a heavy, rock-like copy of the original object - a fossil. There weren’t any changes in size and shape when an object changed into a fossil, but the fossil of a bone doesn’t have any bone in it!It is chemically more like a rock! According to scientists, fossils have been found on every continent(大陆) on Earth.

【1】Trace fossils can’t be formed from the ______ of some kind of animals.

A. footprints B. nests C. eggs D. bodies

【2】______ brings the rock-like minerals into the bone.

A. Sunlight B. Earth C. Water D. Air

【3】According to the last paragraph, the fossil is as ______ as the original object.

A. heavy B. big C. old D. clean

【4】We can know that ______ from the passage.

A. scientists think that the fossils may have a history of 100 centuries.

B. people haven’t found any fossil on the continent of Africa.

C. we can find some real bones in the fossils of a bone.

D. there are many kinds of sediment in the fossils.

【5】This passage most probably comes from ______.

A. an advertisement B. a medical magazine C. a science book D. a notice

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】文章主要讲述了什么是化石？化石是怎样形成的？

【1】根据文章第一段信息：Body fossils are the remains of a plant or animal’s body. Trace fossils are the remains of the activity of an animal, such as footprints, egg shells, and nests.可知，追踪动物的化石是研究动物行为遗留物，比如脚印，蛋壳，或者巢穴。没有提到身体body。故答案为：D.

【2】根据文章第二段信息：Water with minerals(矿物质) went into the bone and took the place of the chemicals in the bone with rock-like minerals.可知，带有矿物质的水进入到骨头，用像岩石一样的矿物质代替了在骨头里面的化学物质。故答案为：C.

【3】根据文章最后一段信息：There weren’t any changes in size and shape when an object changed into a fossil, but the fossil of a bone doesn’t have any bone in it!可知，一个物体在变成化石时，在大小，形状上几乎没有变化。故答案为：B.

【4】根据文章第一段信息：For such remains to be considered fossils, scientists have decided they have to be over 10,000 years old.可知，科学家认为这些化石已经一万年的历史了，也就是历经了100个世纪。故答案为：A.

【5】根据文章两个标题：What are fossils? How are fossils formed?可知，文章主要讲述了什么是化石？化石是怎样形成的？可知，这篇文章属于科普文章。故答案为：C.