题目内容

8.简便计算
$\frac{1}{5}$÷13+$\frac{4}{5}$×$\frac{1}{13}$;                   $\frac{3}{4}$×$\frac{2}{5}$÷$\frac{3}{4}$×$\frac{2}{5}$;
3.5×$\frac{4}{5}$+5.5×80%+0.8;            2.5×32×12.5.

分析 (1)把除法变为乘法,运用乘法分配律简算;
(2)调整运算顺序,使计算简便;
(3)运用乘法分配律简算;
(4)将32拆分为8×4×2后再据乘法交换律及结合律计算.

解答 解:(1)$\frac{1}{5}$÷13+$\frac{4}{5}$×$\frac{1}{13}$
=$\frac{1}{5}$×$\frac{1}{13}$+$\frac{4}{5}$×$\frac{1}{13}$
=($\frac{1}{5}$+$\frac{4}{5}$)×$\frac{1}{13}$
=1×$\frac{1}{13}$
=$\frac{1}{13}$

(2)$\frac{3}{4}$×$\frac{2}{5}$÷$\frac{3}{4}$×$\frac{2}{5}$
=($\frac{3}{4}$÷$\frac{3}{4}$)×($\frac{2}{5}$×$\frac{2}{5}$)
=1×$\frac{4}{25}$
=$\frac{4}{25}$

(3)3.5×$\frac{4}{5}$+5.5×80%+0.8
=3.5×0.8+5.5×0.8+0.8
=(3.5+5.5+1)×0.8
=10×0.8
=8

(4)2.5×32×12.5
=2.5×(8×4)×12.5
=(2.5×4)×(8×12.5)
=10×100
=1000

点评 考查了运算定律与简便运算,四则混合运算.注意运算顺序和运算法则,灵活运用所学的运算定律简便计算.

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