题目内容
(2012?上海)用递等式计算
①132-1.05÷10.5+27
②[4.75+8.4÷(9.2-6.8)]×40
③3.8×13+8.7×38
④[0.85+(9.25+0.65)÷0.2]×20.
①132-1.05÷10.5+27
②[4.75+8.4÷(9.2-6.8)]×40
③3.8×13+8.7×38
④[0.85+(9.25+0.65)÷0.2]×20.
分析:①先算除法,原式变为132-0.1+27,运用加法交换律和结合律简算;
②先算小括号内的减法,再算小括号外的除法,再算中括号内的加法,变为8.25×40,把8.25拆成8+0.25,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算;
③根据数字特点,把原式变为3.8×13+87×3.8,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算;
④先算小括号内的加法,再算括号外的除法,然后算中括号内的加法,变为50.35×20,把50.35看作50+0.35,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算.
②先算小括号内的减法,再算小括号外的除法,再算中括号内的加法,变为8.25×40,把8.25拆成8+0.25,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算;
③根据数字特点,把原式变为3.8×13+87×3.8,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算;
④先算小括号内的加法,再算括号外的除法,然后算中括号内的加法,变为50.35×20,把50.35看作50+0.35,运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算.
解答:解:①132-1.05÷10.5+27,
=132-0.1+27,
=132+27-0.1,
=159-0.1,
=158.9;
②[4.75+8.4÷(9.2-6.8)]×40,
=[4.75+8.4÷2.4]×40,
=[4.75+3.5]×40,
=8.25×40,
=(8+0.25)×40,
=8×40+0.25×40,
=320+10,
=330;
③3.8×13+8.7×38,
=3.8×13+87×3.8,
=(13+87)×3.8,
=100×3.8,
=380;
④[0.85+(9.25+0.65)÷0.2]×20,
=[0.85+9.9÷0.2]×20,
=[0.85+49.5]×20,
=50.35×20,
=(50+0.35)×20,
=50×20+0.35×20,
=1000+7,
=1007.
=132-0.1+27,
=132+27-0.1,
=159-0.1,
=158.9;
②[4.75+8.4÷(9.2-6.8)]×40,
=[4.75+8.4÷2.4]×40,
=[4.75+3.5]×40,
=8.25×40,
=(8+0.25)×40,
=8×40+0.25×40,
=320+10,
=330;
③3.8×13+8.7×38,
=3.8×13+87×3.8,
=(13+87)×3.8,
=100×3.8,
=380;
④[0.85+(9.25+0.65)÷0.2]×20,
=[0.85+9.9÷0.2]×20,
=[0.85+49.5]×20,
=50.35×20,
=(50+0.35)×20,
=50×20+0.35×20,
=1000+7,
=1007.
点评:在脱式计算中,特别注意运算顺序和运算法则,根据题目情况,灵活运用所学的运算定律简便计算.
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