题目内容
: | 0.8:400 | 24:18 |
15: | 40分:2小时 | 千克:200克. |
解:(1):,
=(×6):(×6),
=3:2;
:,
=3:2,
=3÷2,
=.
(2)0.8:400,
=(0.8×5):(400×5),
=4:2000,
=1:500;
0.8:400,
=1:500,
=1÷500,
=0.002.
(3)24:18,
=(24÷6):(18÷6),
=4:3;
24:18,
=4:3,
=4÷3,
=.
(4)15:,
=(15×12):(×12),
=180:5,
=36:1;
15:,
=36:1,
=36÷1,
=36.
(5)40分:2小时,
=40分:120分,
=(40÷40):(120÷40),
=1:3;
40分:2小时,
=1:3,
=1÷3,
=.
(6)千克:200克,
=125克:200克,
=(125÷25):(200÷25),
=5:8;
千克:200克,
=5:8,
=5÷8,
=.
分析:(1)根据比的基本性质,即比的前项和后项同时乘或除以一个相同的数(0除外)比值不变,进而把比化成最简比;
(2)根据求比值的方法,就用最简比的前项除以后项即得比值.
点评:此题考查化简比和求比值的方法,要注意区分:化简比的结果是一个比,而求比值的结果是一个数;还要注意无论是求比值还是化简比,比的前后项是名数的,都要先把单位化统一再计算.
=(×6):(×6),
=3:2;
:,
=3:2,
=3÷2,
=.
(2)0.8:400,
=(0.8×5):(400×5),
=4:2000,
=1:500;
0.8:400,
=1:500,
=1÷500,
=0.002.
(3)24:18,
=(24÷6):(18÷6),
=4:3;
24:18,
=4:3,
=4÷3,
=.
(4)15:,
=(15×12):(×12),
=180:5,
=36:1;
15:,
=36:1,
=36÷1,
=36.
(5)40分:2小时,
=40分:120分,
=(40÷40):(120÷40),
=1:3;
40分:2小时,
=1:3,
=1÷3,
=.
(6)千克:200克,
=125克:200克,
=(125÷25):(200÷25),
=5:8;
千克:200克,
=5:8,
=5÷8,
=.
分析:(1)根据比的基本性质,即比的前项和后项同时乘或除以一个相同的数(0除外)比值不变,进而把比化成最简比;
(2)根据求比值的方法,就用最简比的前项除以后项即得比值.
点评:此题考查化简比和求比值的方法,要注意区分:化简比的结果是一个比,而求比值的结果是一个数;还要注意无论是求比值还是化简比,比的前后项是名数的,都要先把单位化统一再计算.
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