8、While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ______ discovery which completely changed ______ man’s understanding of color.

A．a; a   B．a ; the       C．a; 不填    D.不填；the

7、One summer day my father sent me to buy wire for our farm. At 16, I liked   1    better than driving our truck,   2     this time I was not happy. My father had told me I’d have to ask for credit（赊账）at the store.

Sixteen is a   3    age, when a young man wants respect, not charity. It was 1976, and the ugly   4    of racial discrimination was   5    a fact of life. I’d seen my friends ask for credit and then stand, head down, while the store owner   6    whether they were “good for it.” I knew black youths just like me who were   7    like thieves by the store clerk each time they went into a grocery.

My family was   8     . We paid our debts. But before harvest, cash was short. Would the store owner   9    us?

At David’s store, Buck Davis stood behind the cash desk, talking to a farmer. I nodded   10    I passed him on my way to the hardware shelves. When I brought my   11    to the cash desk, I said   12    , “I need to put this on credit.”

The farmer gave me an amused, distrustful   13   . But Buck’s face didn’t change. “Sure,” he said   14  . “Your daddy is   15   good for it.” He   16    to the other man. “This here is one of James Williams’s sons.”

The farmer nodded in a neighborly   17  . I was filled with pride. James Williams’s son. Those three words had opened a door to an adult’s respect and trust.

That day I discovered that the good name my parents had   18   brought our whole family the respect of our neighbors. Everyone knew what to   19    from a Williams: a decent person who kept his word and respected himself   20    much to do wrong.

1．A．something            B．nothing               C．anything             D．everything

2．A．and                      B．so                       C．but                     D．for

3．A．prideful                 B．wonderful            C．respectful            D．colorful

4．A．intention                B．shadow               C．habit                   D．faith

5．A．thus                      B．just                     C．still                     D．ever

6．A．guessed                B．suspected            C．questioned           D．figured

7．A．watched                B．caught                 C．dismissed            D．accused

8．A．generous               B．honest                 C．friendly               D．modest

9．A．blame                   B．excuse                C．charge                D．trust

10．A．until                    B．as                       C．once                   D．since

11．A．purchases            B．sales                   C．orders                 D．favorites

12．A．casually               B．confidently          C．cheerfully            D．carefully

13．A．look                    B．stare                   C．response             D．comment

14．A．patiently              B．eagerly                C．easily                  D．proudly

15．A．generally             B．never                  C．sometimes           D．always

16．A．pointed                B．replied                 C．turned                 D．introduced

17．A．sense                  B．way                    C．degree                 D．mood

18．A．earned                 B．deserved              C．given                  D．used

19．A．receive                B．expect                 C．collect                 D．require

20．A．very            B．so              C．how            D．too

6、If I had known then what I know now I would have taken my father’s advice when I was 18 and I had to choose my major at university. He told me to study outside Italy where there were more possibilities to find a job once I finished university. But I said no, scared of living alone in a different country with a different culture, with a different language, and above all, far from my family and friends. So I decided to go to university in Italy and I chose the one in Rome, my city, which is one of the most ancient universities in the world, studying Communication Science because it was the most common and the most fashionable major six years ago (and still is now…). At that age I wanted to become a sports journalist, but with the passing time, my opinions and my ideas started changing and I understood that I didn’t like my choice. At that time, I understood that at 18 years old, everyone feels mature to decide about his own future. Everyone thinks that the advice that parents try to give is wrong and we are able to decide alone, maybe just with the help of our friends who are in the same situation. This is the worst thought that we can think. However, I graduated last December with the pride of my parents and I decided, with their help, to come to Toronto and study English. Here I am living the best experience I have ever lived. I often think, “If I had known that living alone in a different country and studying something I like were so nice and interesting when I was 18, I would have listened to what my father told me six years ago.” I try to regret nothing about my choices I have made in the past, but I just think that now I am mature to ask my parents and to listen to them because they have more experience and they know better than me what is right and what is wrong.

1．What can we learn about the writer from the passage?

A．He went to Toronto in order to become a sports journalist.

B．He studied English when he was in a university in Rome.

C．He followed his parents’ advice when choosing a university.

D．He is enjoying his stay in Toronto and his study of English.

2．The underlined word “mature” in the passage means ______.

       A．good and ripe                                       B．having a developed mind

       C．carefully decided                                 D．confident enough

3．All the following are the reasons why the writer chose a university at home EXCEPT that ______.

       A．he might meet cultural shock

       B．he couldn’t speak a second language

       C．he wanted to study Communication Science

       D．he didn’t want to be separated from his family and friends

4．From his own experience the writer tries to tell us that ______.

       A．parents’ advice is worth taking

       B．he still prefers to ask his friend for help

       C．he doesn’t regret about the choices he made

D．Communication Science is still fashionable now

5、The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever gaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true — more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

       As a result, many people avoid the very source of true happiness. They fear the pain unavoidably brought by such things — marriage, raising children, professional achievements and self-improvement.

       Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a promise. For a promise is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has moments, but they are not its most distinguished features.

       Couples with babies are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or three-day vacation. I don’t know parents who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.

       Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that truly increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that expensive mobile phone or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.

1．What the author is mainly trying to tell us is        .

       A．a happy life means life full of fun and without pain

       B．happiness often goes hand in hand with pain

       C．it is important to avoid pain in order to be happy

       D．one must know how to gain happiness

2．According to the author, the bachelor resists marriage mainly because       .

       A．he is unwilling to take on family responsibilities

       B．he fears it will put an end to all his fun and adventure

       C．he believes that dating will be more cheerful

       D．he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

3．Raising children, in the author’s opinion, is        .

       A．a desperate attempt                              B．a thankless job

       C．a rewarding task                                  D．a painfree life

4．To understand what true happiness is, one must         .

       A．have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime

       B．make every effort to liberate oneself from time and money

       C．put up with pain under all circumstances

       D．be able to distinguish happiness from fun

4、An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.

       How large an allowance is appropriate? Experts say there is not a right amount. Actual amount differs from region to region, and from family to family.

       To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenses such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. “If you make the child responsible for these bills,” says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, “he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures (支出).”

       Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child’s allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers’ can feel left out.

       It can be tough but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $1.75 which was for bus fare and lunch. “If you lost your money,” Brooke’s mother told her, “you walk home.”

       One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store; then she called home for a ride. “Mom made me walk home,” recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brooklyn. “At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson.”

       Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied directly to daily chores. Kids should help around the houses not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home, which can develop his or her initiative（积极性）.

1．What does the passage mainly discuss?

A．How to develop a child’s initiative.                                                  

B．How to work up an amount of pocket money.

C．How to teach a child to save money.                                               

D．How to teach a child about money.

2．It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance, he or she may ______.

       A．spend all the money very soon                                                              

       B．be spoiled and finally ruined

       C．feel responsible and careful about money                                         

       D．lose the money and can’t return home

3．In Paragraph 4, which of the following do the words “his peers” refer to?

       A．His parents.                                         B．His friends.                   

       C．His teachers.                                       D．His financial experts

4．Why does the author mention Brooke Stephens?

       A．To explain that parents should be strict when children are developing good habits about money.

       B．To compare Stephens with other financial experts in the city.

       C．To question the opinion whether children should have pocket money.

       D．To suggest that pocket money is useless in developing a child’s sense of responsibility.

3、If you are training for a marathon, a proper plan for water intake is important. Of course, there’s the risk of dehydration（脱水）. But athletes now know they can also get into trouble by drinking too much. Too much water intake can lower levels of sodium（钠）in the blood. The death of a 28-year-old woman following the Boston Marathon caught the attention of many runners and led to new research.

       Experts advise long-distance runners to replace the liquids they sweat out. Their goal is to try to keep someone from not getting dehydrated by more than 2 percent of their body weight.

       One technique for deciding how much water you need is to get the exact numbers. Runners have to weight themselves before and after a run to determine how much water they’ve lost. If their weight drops by more than 2 percent, they have not drunk enough water.

       Hypoglycemia（低血糖）occurs when runners drink so much water that blood salt levels drop off. A study published last year tested 488 runners who completed the Boston Marathon and found 13 percent of them had dangerously low blood salt levels. The first sign that runners may notice is slightly swelling in the hands. They can’t get their rings off, and then they might feel sick. They may not remember where they are. In fact, most runners get enough salt to get back to normal levels by eating just one meal after a run. Contrary to the old advice that runners should drink as much as they can to prevent dehydration, the new research has shown that the body is a remarkable machine that actually tells you via thirst when you need water.

1．The author of this passage is primarily concerned with ______.

A．the signs and treatment for dehydration

B．the long distance runners who need help

       C．how to manage water intake during a marathon

       D．a 28-year-old woman who died after a Boston Marathon

2．Why do runners have to weigh themselves before and after a run?

       A．They can know the quantity of water they’ve lost during a run.

       B．They can improve their performance in a run.

       C．They can learn how much salt there is in the blood.

       D．They can decide what kind of water they should take during a run.

3．What conclusion can we draw from the passage?

       A．Taking much salt during a run can avoid swelling in the body.

       B．Either too much or too little of water intake is harmful.

       C．A rich meal is helpful to our performance in a run.

       D．We should take enough salt during a run.

4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

       A．Too much water intake → blood sodium levels↓ → dehydration.

       B．No water intake → blood sodium levels↑→ Hypoglycemia.

       C．No water intake → blood salt levels ↓ → Hypoglycemia.

       D．Too much water intake → blood salt levels ↓ → Hypoglycemia.

2、Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds; what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?

It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person’s self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, who have low self-esteem（自尊）, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need faith that they are doing “the right thing”. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior（自卑）. They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: “You’re just saying that to make me feel good, I know it’s not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. It is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths, for example, not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have to be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy（不适当，不充足）. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.

1．The first paragraph is mainly about ______.

A．the thoughts of shy people                    B．the cause of shyness

C．the effect of shyness on people             D．the questions in the minds of shy people

2．According to the writer, self-awareness is ______.

       A．harmful to people                                 B．a weak point of shy people

       C．the cause of unhappiness                      D．a good characteristics

3．What is the shy people’s reaction to praise?

       A．They are pleased by it                          B．They feel it is not true

       C．They are very sensitive to it                  D．They feel they are worthy of it

4．We can learn from the passage that shyness can ______.

       A．block our chances for a successful life 

       B．help us to live up to our full development

       C．enable us to understand ourselves better                                   

       D．have nothing to do with lack of self-esteem

1、上周，我们以“谁是你的偶像”为题，在2600名学生中进行了一次调查。以下是调查数据：

[写作内容]

根据以上数据，写一篇短文，包括以下内容：

1．调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；

2．男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异；

3．“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异；

4．男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同；

5．你的偶像及理由。

    [写作要求]

1．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

2．字数：100个词左右。

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

33、They gave each competitor a number, but they _____ NO.13 as no one wanted to have it.

A. picked out    B. turned out         C. left out       D. worked out