8、Once upon a time a king, in the company of his ministers, went to the imperial garden for a walk. When he was walking around a pond, a strange idea 1 upon him and he asked, “How many buckets(桶) of water are there in the pond?” The ministers looked at each other, 2 to give an answer.
Rather 3 , the king ordered, “You have three days’ grace. Any one who offers an answer will be handsomely awarded. Those who fail will be 4 .”
The time limit was due in the twinkling（闪烁）of an eye, yet the ministers were still 5 their wit’s end. At this time a child appeared 6 declared that he knew the answer. The king told his 7 ministers to go with the child for the measurement. To their 8 , the child refused the suggestion with a smile, “It is very easy. No 9 to go to the pond.” This made the king laugh 10 , “Alright, let us know what it is.” The child winked (眨眼) and said, “That 11 on the size of the bucket. If it is as big as the pond, there is one bucket of water; if it is 12 as big, two buckets; if one third as big, three buckets; if...” “Stop! That’s it. You’ve got the 13 .” The king was satisfied and the child was duly rewarded.
Why did the ministers feel it so 14 to settle the problem? Because they fell in a pitfall (陷阱), following a 15 way of thinking. People’s thinking often goes a habitual way — the beaten track of straightforwardness. 16 is a static (静态的) way presupposing every object definite and certain, i.e. the size of the pond and the bucket should be clearly 17 . If one of them is unknown, it will be difficult to do the measurement, let alone 18. Why not change your mode of thought — from static to dynamic（动态的）, from concrete to 19? If you adopt an indirect way and try to find out the proportional relation between the pond and the bucket, you’ll get an answer — flexible yet 20 to solve the problem.
Sometimes to get out of the difficulty one must change one’s way of thinking, or simply change one’s approach towards a problem.
1．A．fixed B．focused C．came D．looked
2．A．struggling B．thinking C．falling D．failing
3．A．disappointed B．excited C．pleased D．contented
4．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．scolded
5．A．on B．at C．in D．by
6．A．who B．whom C．whose D．he
7．A．exciting B．amazing C．surprising D．trembling
8．A．doubt B．surprise C．envy D．delight
9．A．good B．use C．need D．wonder
10．A．wonderfully B．joyfully C．cheerfully D．doubtfully
11．A．decides B．depends C．calls D．looks
12．A．half B．both C．all D．wholly
13．A．award B．reward C．answer D．number
14．A．easy B．difficult C．fast D．slow
15．A．wrong B．correct C．right D．incorrect
16．A．This B．That C．It D．Such
17．A．marked B．measured C．signed D．known
18．A．another B．other C．one D．both
19．A．detailed B．easy C．simple D．abstract
20．A．appropriate B．available C．adequate D．proper
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7、Astronaut Zhai Zhigang became the first Chinese man to walk in space on Saturday, clambering out of China’s Shenzhou VII spacecraft in a technological feat（功绩） that made the Chinese people excited.
“I’m feeling quite well. I greet the Chinese people and the people of the world,” Zhai said as he climbed out of the craft at around 16:40 Beijing time, a historic achievement telecast live on CCTV. Tens of millions of Chinese viewers clustered before TV screen to watch the moment.Chinese President Hu Jintao and other top leaders had appeared at the Beijing Aerospace Control Center to watch the live transmission of Zhai’s spacewalk.
Zhai, 42, chosen by an expert team for the first “extra-vehicular activity”, unveiled a red national flag, helped by colleague Liu Boming, who also briefly popped his head out of the capsule. Zhai slowly made his way towards a test sample of solid lubricant outside the capsule, took a sample and handed it to Liu. Zhai safely returned inside the craft after about 20 minutes. The walk marked the high point of China’s third manned space journey, which has received widespread media coverage.
Zhai wore a $4.4 million Chinese-made suit weighing 120kg. Liu wore a Russian-made one and acted as a back-up. The third crew member, Jing Haiping, monitored the ship from inside the re-entry module. The risky manoeuvre(演习) is a step towards China’s longer-term goal of assembling a space lab and then a larger space station, analysts said.
“On this flight, Chinese people’s footprints will be left in space for the first time,” said a commentary by the Xinhua News Agency. The astronauts embarked on(开始，从事) their walk after receiving a clean bill of health from doctors on the ground at mission control in Beijing, Xinhua said. Zhai’s suit has 10 layers and takes up to 15 hours to assemble and put on.
China’s first manned spaceflight was in 2003. A second, two-manned flight followed in 2003. The only other countries that have sent people into space are Russia and the United States.
1. Astronaut Zhai Zhigang will be remembered as the first Chinese _________.
A. to walk in space. B. to enter space.
C. to land on the moon. D. to speak with people on earth in space.
2. What did Zhai do outside the capsule in space?
A. He walked in space to enjoy the beautiful space scenery.
B. He fetched a sample of solid lubricant and passed it to his colleague.
C. He waved a red Chinese national flag madly for twenty minutes.
D. He made an experiment with his colleague Liu Boming.
3. According to the text, China’s goal of its space program is _______.
A. to send man into space. B. to build a space lab on the moon.
C. to build a space station. D. to leave Chinese people’s footprints in space.
4. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. A Chinese astronaut takes historic walk in space,
B. China succeeded in launching Shenzhou VII into space.
C. Chinese spacecraft arrives on the Mars.
D. China competes in the space exploration.
6、November not only marks the publication of Toni Morrison’s eagerly anticipated(期待) eighth novel, Love, but it is also the tenth anniversary of her Nobel Prize for Literature. Morrison is the first black woman to receive a Nobel, and so honored before her in literature are only two black men:Wole Soyinka, the Nigerian playwright, poet and novelist, in 1986; and Derek Walcott, the Caribbean-born poet, in 1992. But Morrison is also the first and only American-born Nobel prizewinner for literature since 1962, the year novelist John Steinbeck received the award.
Like Song of Solomon, Love is a multigenerational story, revealing the personal and communal legacy(遗产) of an outstanding black family. As Morrison scholars will tell you, Love is the third volume of a literary master’s trilogy(三部曲)investigating the many complexities of love. This trilogy began with Beloved(1988), which deals with a black mother’s love under slavery and in freedom. Jazzy(1993), the second volume, tells a story of romantic love in 1920s Harlem. This latest novel looks back from the 1970s to the 1940s and 50s.
The emotional center of Love is Bill Cosey, the former owner and host of the shabby Cosey’s Hotel and Resort in Silk, North Carolina, described in the novel as “the best and best-known vacation spot for colored folk on the East Coast.” We get to know Cosey through the memories of five women who survive and love him: his granddaughter, his widow, two former employees, and a homeless young girl.
The latest novel, Love, had been described in the promotional material from her publisher as “Morrison’s most accessible work since Song of Solomon.” This comparison to her third novel, published in 1977, was an effective selling point.
1. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Toni Morrison’s latest novels
B. Toni Morrison and her trilogy
C. Toni Morrison and her novel Love
D. Toni Morrison, the Nobel prizewinner
2. What can we learn about John Steinbeck?
A. He was a black writer.
B. He was born in America.
C. He received the Nobel Prize after Morrison
D. He was the first American novelist to win a Nobel
3. The similarity between Love and Song of Solomon is that they both _____.
A. belong to the same trilogy together with Beloved
B. concern families of more than one generation
C. deal with life of blacks under slavery
D. investigate life in 1920s Harlem
4. The novel Love mainly describes ______.
A. the best-known vacation spot for blacks
B. the life of an outstanding black family under slavery
C. the miserable experience of the five women in Harlem
D. the memories of five women about Bill Cosey
5、China is working hard to deal with the contaminated dairy products scandal（丑闻）, which has so far left four babies dead, a senior official with the World Health Organization(WHO) said on Sunday.
Dr. Shigeru Omi, director of the WHO Western Pacific Regional Office, told a press conference that China is taking the issue “seriously”.
“After acknowledging the problems, the Chinese government is very serious about the matter and I hope the situation will be brought under control as soon as possible,” Omi said.
“A number of investigations have been launched and several batches of products have been recalled in a bid to establish the magnitude of this ‘serious public health issue’,” he said.
“The WHO is assisting China in probing the scandal but will not conduct its own investigations,” he said.
“Globalization means the scandal that started in China is a problem for people around the world,” he said.
“Every country is vulnerable（脆弱的，易受影响的）, every country can be affected, so the international community should work together to solve the problem,” he said.
“The poison milk problem has shown that there are still challenges for both local governments and the private sector,” Omi said.
“There is large room for improvement on quality control, more investment is needed at the lower level, and serious commitment should come from the private sector,” he said.
Since the scandal over the contaminated dairy products broke out, 6,244 infants have fallen ill, 150 have been diagnosed with acute kidney failure, and four have died.
Investigations have shown the babies were made sick by the presence of melamine in milk formula.
Anthony Hazzard, a food safety pecialist at the WHO Western Pacific Regional Office, said the decision by some countries to recall milk products imported from China was “reasonable”.
“I think many countries decided on the recall. I think under this kind of situation when the picture is not clear, it is a very reasonable position that countries take.”
1. In the opinion of Dr.Shigeru Omi, China _______.
A. doesn’t admit the existence of polluted dairy products.
B. takes the polluted dairy products for granted.
C. will solve the problem of polluted dairy products quickly.
D. has no way to deal with the poison milk products.
2. The role of the WHO in the Chinese milk problem is to _____.
A. help China to investigate the poison milk problem.
B. look into the problem all by itself.
C. invest some money in helping the private sector.
D. shoulder the responsibility of the poison milk problem.
3. The attitude of Anthony Hazzard toward the decision to recall the milk products is that of _____.
A. disappointment B. unconcern C. disagreement D. approval
4. What might be the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Chinese dairy products are exported to foreign countries.
B. China faces a challenge from foreign countries in dairy products.
C. Milk scare is taken very seriously in China.
D. The poison milk products lead to the death of infants.
4、Grown－ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?
To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting an optical illusion（视觉影像）of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch , and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16-to 24- week -old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there.
Grown－ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?
Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16－week－old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted（替换）a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week -old babies did not seem to notice the switch（更换）. Thus, the 16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of” something permanence, ”while the 22－week－old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.
1. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. babies’ sense of sight B. effects of experiments on babies
C. babies’ understanding of objects D. different tests on babies’ feelings
2. In Paragraph 3, “object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object ________.
A. still exists B. keeps its shape C. still stays solid D. is beyond reach
3. What did Bower use in his experiments?
A. A chair. B. A screen. C. A film. D. A box.
4. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The babies didn’t have a sense of direction.
B.The older babies preferred toy trains to balls.
C.The younger babies liked looking for missing objects.
D. The babies couldn’t tell a ball from its optical illusion.
3、In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try. " What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1. Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A. It pushes society forward. B. It builds up a sense of duty.
C. It improves personal abilities. D. It encourages individual efforts.
2. The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means _____.
A. those who try their best to win
B. those who value competition most highly
C. those who are against competition most strongly
D. those who rely on others most for success
3. What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?
A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B. One's success in competition needs great efforts.
C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried
4. Which point of view may the author agree to?
A. Every effort should be paid back.
B. Competition should be encouraged.
C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
1、假设你叫李华，是一名高三学生。你的英国朋友Tom因为工作忙没有看奥运比赛，所以发e-mail向你了解刘翔因脚伤退赛的相关信息。请根据下列要点，用英文给Tom回一封电子邮件。
要点：
1．2008年8月18日刘翔因脚伤退赛；
2．你深感惋惜；
3．表示将继续支持刘翔；
4．祝愿刘翔早日伤愈，重返赛场。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计你所写词数）。
Dear Tom,
You said in your e-mail that you didn’t watch the Olympic Games because of your busy work and wanted to know something about Liu Xiang’s quitting the men’s 110-meter hurdles…
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
27、The soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain _________their difficulty.
A. to add B. added up C. added to D. added up to
26、Our government is determined to solve those problems that farmers are most _________about.
A. worrying B. concerning C. worry D. concerned