4、People can be addicted to different things – e, g alcohol, drug, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive (强迫的); they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like others, is impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.

  There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.

  It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.

  Psychologists often use a method called behavior therapy(疗法) to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.

1.According to the psychologists, a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money __    ___.

  A.and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys

  B.in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life

  C.and feels he or she is cheated

  D.just to meet his or her strong psychological need

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

  A.People spend money for exactly the same reason that they need to buy things.

  B.Business people understand the psychology of compulsive buying better than scientists do.

  C.Compulsive bargain hunters do not have problems with money.

  D.Business people and advertisers can use the psychology of peoples’ habits to merest sales.

3.What is the text mainly about?

  A.The habits of compulsive spenders.

  B.The psychology of money-spending habits.

  C.A special psychology of bargain hunting.

  D.The use of the psychology of spending habits in business.

4.From the text we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargain hunters ___   __.

  A.are really reasonable

  B.are really beyond drugs

  C.need special treatment

  D.can never get any help to solve their problems with money

3、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 。

There are many factors which may have an influence on audits and children being able to feed a healthy life.

      1   Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. they also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.   

The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.   2   Computers, DVDs. CDs, television, PlayStations and X – boxes have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a lifestyle of less exercise.

      3   Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. it is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard(轰炸) their audience with “perfect” body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up – to – date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.   

Environments vary.   4  This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.   

      5  Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy —if he/she is motivated enough!       

A.The media provide entertainment and information.

B.Advertisements play an important role in people’s life.

C.We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke.

D.Nowadays, people are very busy.

E.People are living in a bad air environment.

F.The important one is motivation or the desire to be healthy.

G.Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology.

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