2、       Is early childhood education really necessary? Early childhood education primarily focuses on learning through playing to develop the child’s physical, sensory, communicational and social development．Early childhood education has become a concern of the government, who pushes poor children to be formally trained before they are old enough for Kindergarten．

       There are good reasons for the government to push early childhood education．Studies have shown that orphaned children who did not receive good care and education become developmentally delayed causing failure in school, and even in life．Further studies show that poor children who take part in Head Start programs are more prepared for school, less likely to end up in Special Education classes, and are less likely to receive public help or go to jail．

       There are also negative parts to putting a child in formal education programs too early．Time Magazine online explains that “the younger the child the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work．” I have personally witnessed many children of my generation who went to Head Start programs become frustrated and bored with school before they finished high school．Yet parents have been sure that the earlier the child starts school, the better off he or she is, so they push to start children earlier．

       Actually while early formal education of poor children does show great gains in the early elementary years, studies also show that this head start is really a “false start”, as the gains are lost in middle and high school years．It seems that environment is a bigger factor on life’s success than early education．Head Start programs have not achieved its original goal in closing the achievement gap in poor and middle school children．Perhaps it is time to find other ways to close that gap．

1．The purpose of the government valuing the early childhood education is ________．

       A．to develop the children’s communication

       B．to give orphaned children good care and education

       C．to get the children prepared for the kindergarten

       D．to train the children formally and regularly

2．According to the studies, which of the following is True?

       A．Children with good early education may have a rich life．

       B．The orphaned children are usually unhappy in their life．

       C．Children without early education can do well at school．

       D．Head Start programs are helpful to the poor children．

3．“the younger the child the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work．” suggests that _________．

       A．the early childhood education is helpless to the child’s grade

       B．it is good for the young children to receive early education

       C．the early education can help the children follow the grade

       D．the younger the children are, the cleverer they will be

4．The author’s attitude toward the early childhood education is _________．

       A．puzzling            B．objective           C．indifferent         D．approving

5．The main idea of the last passage is that __________．

       A．the early childhood education is very necessary

       B．Head Start programs have helped the children a lot

       C．environment is the most important to life’s success

       D．better ways should be found to help the poor children

1、下列每个句子都有一处错误，请指出并改正。

1．We should have patience at studying English．                              ________

2．As soon as we got there, we got down to fight against the flood．               ________

3．The Great Wall is so a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year．

                                                                                                                            ________

4．The trees can provide shade to us, and we should protect them．                 ________

5．On the news , he  cried．                                               ________

6．Facing with the difficulty, Tom decided to ask his boss for advice．               ________

7．The culture has been influenced in particularly by foreign ones．                ________

8．While they found the lost child, everyone was very happy．                    ________

9．He finishes the race in 12．6 seconds．                                     ________

10．Our school sports meeting was holding on Oct．6, which was a fine day．         ________

11．He is known for a writer and wrote many novels．                             _______

12．Don’t accuse him for breaking the window．                             _______

39、Our teacher won't think ___________of us because of our shortcomings. He says that all of us are good after all.

A. any less               B. highly           C. most       D. any better

37、What would you do if you were lost in the dark forest at night? The first sensible lesson is that you shouldn’t bother trying to find your way in the dark at all，but just stay where you are until dawn．Because then you won’t trip over things? No，mainly because you’ll have an idea of direction．The sun rises in the east．But you will be amazed at how many people forget they know that．Apparently，the area underneath a holly bush provides a good makeshift shelter — they are thick，and evergreen．The next thing to do — or rather not to do — is panic，for the obvious reason that unless there is someone there to hear you scream，it will get you nowhere．Just try to think of nice， happy things．

There is always a point in films when a person who is lost in the desert or the snow， dehydrated （脱水的） and exhausted，comes across a set of their own footprints and realizes they have just walked in a huge，round circle．It is wrong to owe it to the unequal strengths or different lengths of your legs．Experiments prove that，without the sun or the moon （or landmarks）as a fixed guide，lots of small errors add up over time so the brain can’t correctly identify the “straight ahead” direction．To just get out of somewhere，pick a spot on the horizon and just head for it．

There are several ways to find directions in the dark，and by far the best is to establish north using the stars．Most people can identify the Plough，which is part of Ursa Major．It looks a lot like a saucepan．The Plough rotates（旋转）through the sky，but let’s imagine the saucepan lying horizontally （水平地），with its handle on the left．You need to trace a line from the star at the right-hand base of the pan， through the star at the right-hand rim （边沿）， and follow it upwards; the north star is roughly five times the distance between those two “pointer” stars．Then drop a vertical line from the North Star to the horizon and that’s north．

“Tonight is very cloudy and I can’t see the Plough．” Maybe luckily， it is quite windy．Keep in mind that almost all of our weather comes from a south-westerly direction．（This only works if you are in the British Isles）．To find the direction，you can throw light bits of dried-out grass in the air and see which way they blow; or， if there are clouds and patches of clear sky， see which way they blow across the stars．You can also get an idea of direction from leggy plants．If they look as if they have been blown over，they will probably be pointing north-east．If they are simply leaning in one direction as they grow， there’s a good chance that is south （they will be reaching towards the sun）．The last thing to do is to judge your direction and off you go．

1．What might be the best title of the passage?

    A．How to survive in the forest

    B．How to protect yourself in the forest

    C．How to direct your way out of the wild

    D．What to do if you are lost

2．Which of the following pictures matches the description of the position of the north star?

3．Why will people often walk in a circle if they are lost in the desert or the snow?

    A．Because without anything to refer to for directions， the brain will be confused by errors．

    B．Because one of the legs is longer and stronger than the other．

    C．Because the desert or the snow usually covers a large area for people to get across．

    D．Because people usually feel dehydrated and exhausted in the desert or the snow．

4．If you were lost in Taklimakan Desert in China， _________ would NOT be dependable for you to identify the directions．

    A．the sun             B．the North Star    C．wind                 D．the moon

35、It’s          good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them______ pleasure．

A．不填，a       B．a，不填          C．the，a         D．a，the

34、This supermarket has become popular for its wide       of goods that suit all tastes and pockets．

A．division        B．area         C．range         D．circle

33、Her grandmother __________a lot of suffering when she was ill last autumn．

A．went through          B．went down         C．went up         D．went away