3、
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A. Reasons that employers use tests B. Procedures involved in recruitment’ C. Hints to follow while taking tests D. Disadvantages of interviews for recruitment E. Importance of interview F. Adoption of psychological tests to hire employees |
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80． |
Nowadays more and more foreign enterprises and companies are no longer relying on interviews for recruitment. Years of studying interviewing has made clear that it is not a very objective process. Personnel officers often hire the person they like best or even the one they think most physically attractive. Looking good is no guarantee of doing the job well.
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81． |
To get a more objective view, many companies are also using psychological tests, to hire both for relatively routine job and for positions at senior levels of management. It is impossible to say how many employers use tests, but estimates of test sales in the U.K. for 2001 were over one million.
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82． |
Recruitment can involve steps in two ways. Step 1 is always the same: job application. The company decides whether you might be suitable based on your qualifications and your previous job experience. Step 2 can be screening. A specific test is given at this stage to rule out those who might not be worth interviewing. Some large employers use tests ---especially IQ based tests precisely to eliminate the unsuitable. Only those who pass Step 2 go to the interview. Step 2 can also be testing and interview combined. If the company thinks you might be suitable after looking at your application, they ask you to come to be tested and to be interviewed. It is seen very much as part of the same step.
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83． |
Tests claim to be scientific and objective. A large body of research has shown that interviews by themselves are not very reliable as a method of selection. People’s judgments are often very subjective: whether they like the look of someone counts for more than almost anything else. But reliable and valid tests can offer rapid and more objective information about would-be employees. If a candidate talks well in an interview but his test results suggest that he is a careless person who cannot concentrate, and employer is likely to think twice about hiring him.
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84． |
Taking a serious test for a job is rather different form taking a game-like test. You can spend just a little time answering questions of that kind of test, and you can deny the answers and say they are not accurate. But you can not go to a serious test without enough preparation since you can not afford to be denied and eliminated again and again. What can you do to do justice to yourself in tests? Here are three tips: Understand, Analyze, Practice.
2、Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather―to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and blizzards (暴风雪)―any prediction becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties increase, from dust devils and storms up to continent-size eddies (旋涡) that only satellites can see.
The modern weather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart, and even so, some starting data have to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart, rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature, pressure, humidity (湿度), and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03… the computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations (波动) that the computer will not know about. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.
72．A weather forecast ______ in the world.
A．is reliable within one or two days
B．is doubtful beyond 24 hours
C．becomes useless beyond two or three days
D．is still worthwhile in seven days
73．Usually there is a weather sub-station ______.
A．in every city B．every 60 miles
C．between two cities D．every one foot
74．Which of the following statements is true?
A．People have not placed sensors one foot apart in the atmosphere.
B．Scientists have already put sensors one foot apart in the world.
C．Every sensor gives perfectly accurate data a weatherman wants.
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D．Ground weather stations and satellites can see every place on earth.
75．Our computer will not be able to know about fluctuations because ______.
A．the sensors are not good enough
B．they are hidden by the spaces between the sensors
C．they are too far away
D．they move very fast