Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Shanghai dazzles (使目眩) visitors with its    of places new and old, East and West New Shanghai begins at the airport with a step onto the Maglev, Shanghai’s high-speed train. Reaching 431 km/h, it whisks（迅速移动）travelers the 32 kilometers from the airport to Pudong in 8 minutes. Visitors disembark (登陆) from the Maglev at Pudong, where Shanghai’s modern side awaits       outside the station.       

The West’s     on Shanghai is very obvious on the Bund. European countries and America established concessions here between the early 1840s and 1943. Visiting the Bund takes one back to that era. Fifty-two buildings, all built in    European styles, line this famous section of East Zhongshan First Road.

The HSBC Tower, which now houses the Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, dominates the Bund. Inside, visitors gazes are     to colorful mosaics (马赛克) on the dome ceiling.

Just south of the Bund, the traditional buildings and tiny lanes of the old Chinese city take visitors back in time. Here, the Yuyuan Gardens are the main attraction. Built in 1577 by a government official for his parents, the Yuyuan Gardens     an area of two hectares（亩）.

Shanghai’s premier shopping destination, Nanjing Road boasts 5.5 km of shops, malls, restaurants and excitement. Colorful neon（霓虹灯）signs     the street at night when thousands of people flood the area.

Restored shikumen exteriors open into restaurants, shops and art galleries. Photographer Guo Changyao  

  , “In the 21st century, if you don’t go to Xintiandi, then you haven’t seen Shanghai.”

To    experience Shanghai, one must explore all its sides. The beauty of the city lies in its old and new, West and East.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Moral Side of Murder

Case A: You’re a doctor in the    room and six patients come to you. They’ve been in a very terrible trolley car crash. Five of them were    injured and one was     injured. You could spend all day caring for the one severely injured victim but in that time the five would die. Or you could look after the five,     them but the severely injured person would die.

Case B: You’re a transplant     and you have five patients, each in      need of organ transplant in order to survive, one needs a heart, one a lung, one a kidney, one a liver and the fifth a pancreas (胰脏). You have no organ     and you’re about to see them die. Then it occurs to you that in the next room there’s a healthy      who came in for a check up. He’s taking a nap. You could go in very  , yank out the five organs. The person would die you could save the five.

What’s the right thing to do? What becomes of the principle at each time?

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

If the package looks pretty, people will buy just about anything. So says an advertising executive in New York, and he has proved his point by selling boxes of rubbish for the price of an expensive bottle of wine.

Justin Gignac,26, has sold almost 900    41   presented plastic boxes of rubbish from the street of Big Apple at between ＄50 and ＄100 each. Buyers from 19 countries have paid for the souvenirs（纪念品）. The idea has been so successful that he is thinking of promoting it around the world.

It all began when Mr Gignac was at a summer workshop, “We had a discussion about the importance of   42  ,”he recalls.” Someone said packaging was unimportant. I disagreed. The only way to prove it was by selling something nobody would ever want.”

He searches the streets of Manhattan and typical   43   include broken glass, subway tickets, Starbucks cups and used   44   forks. “Special editions” are offered at a high price. He charged ＄100 for rubbish from the opening day of the New York Yankees’ stadium.

Mr Gignac denies   45   his customers for fools: “They know what they’re getting. They appreciate the fact that they’re taking something nobody would want and finding beauty in it.”

Some   46   customers include people who used to live in the city and want a down-to-earth souvenir. He claims he has even sold to art collectors.

Realizing that the concept appears to be a real money-maker, Mr Gignac has   47   a company and is employing his girlfriend as vice president. He   48   to discuss his profit margins: “It’s actually quite a lot of effort putting them together-but yes, garbage is free.”

Mr Gignac is considering more varieties of souvenirs. He maintains that he has signed   49   with people interested in similar projects from as far as Berlin and London.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Big climate changes in the last million years might have come from something very small: dust from outer space.

   Earth changes between ice ages and warm periods in a(n) ____ that includes several cycles, including a ___ one that lasts 100,000 years. Scientists ____suggested this cycle might be due to changes in the inflow of cosmic(宇宙) dust.

   The idea is that Earth ___above and below the imaginary plane that runs through the sun and Jupiter(木星), completing a cycle every 100,000 years. So maybe it encounters ___varying amounts of dust during each cycle that produce the climate trend.

   Now there is some ____, from ancient cosmic dust recovered in ocean-floor drilling near the Azores islands west of Portugal. The large quantity of the dust rises and falls with a wonderful 100,000 year cycle during the period analyzed, 253,000 years to 458,000 years ago. Periods of more dust are related to____ climates.

   But that is a long way from showing that the dust ____ climate. Some scientists argue that it is not clear how cosmic dust would make the climate warmer while dust from volcanoes is known to make it cooler. They say the cosmic dust is so thin that it is hard to see how it could have any climate____.

   Nevertheless, the new study shows scientists have to take the cosmic dust idea seriously.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A person’s motivation is a combination of desire and energy directed at achieving a goal. Influencing someone’s motivation means __1__ him or her to want to do what you know must be done. A person’s motivation __2__ two things:

One is the strength of certain needs. For example, you are __3__, but you must have a task completed by a nearing deadline. If you are starving, you will eat. If you are __4__ hungry, you will finish the task at hand.

The other is the perception (感觉) that taking a certain action will help __5__ those needs. For example, you have two burning __6__— the desire to complete the task and the desire to go to lunch. Your perception of how you view those two needs will determine which one takes __7__. If you believe that you could be fired for not completing the task, you will probably __8__ lunch and complete the task. If you believe that you will not get into trouble or perhaps finish the task in time, then you will be more __9__ to go to lunch.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. concentrated   B. possible    C. revised     D. applications   E. figures

F. connect       G. benefits     H. global     I. contribute     J. tops

More than two million people in Europe now have fiberbroadband（光纤宽带）direct to their home, suggests a survey. The latest __1__ on superfast broadband delivered by fiber to the home (FTTH) show 18% growth over the last survey compiled in late 2008.

The continued growth suggests that the __2__ economic decline has not hit plans to build fiber networks. Sweden __3__ the list of nations applying the technology, with 10.9% of its broadband customers using fiber. Karel Helsen, president of Europe’s Fiber-To-The-Home Council, said the growth matched predictions that were __4__ when the credit crisis started to make itself felt. “The numbers in 2009 are in line with the latest forecasts,” said Mr. Helsen.

By 2012, the FTTH Council expects that 13 million people across 35 European nations will have their broadband delivered by fiber. Such services would start at a speed of 100 megabits per second (mbps), said Mr. Helsen. Around Europe more than 233 projects were underway to lay the fibers that would __5__ homes or buildings to the net, said Mr. Helsen. Many of those, he said, were being operated by local governments or smaller net firms. Local governments were interested in FTTH because of the economic and social __6__ it brought in its wake, said Mr. Helsen.

The low delay in high-speed fiber networks made __7__ new uses of broadband, he said. “No delay is very important,” he said, “specifically if you talk about __8__ that are time-dependent such as personal communications, conference calls or video calls where delays cause a lot of trouble.” While early FTTH services were __9__ in cities, said Mr. Helsen, many more were reaching out to rural areas for e-health and e-learning projects.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. roots      B. but     C. covered     D. reproduce   E. energy

F. probably  G. gaining  H. surrounding  I. supplied     J. life

Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has existed in the water for perhaps as much as 3,000 million years. When we think of the first     1    on land, we     2   think of strange animals coming out of the oceans, but, in fact, no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They    3   the first land animals with the    4   and food necessary, since they ---the plants are the only form of life that is able to get and store    5    .

The first plants to exist out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae （ 藻类 ）which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground and needed water in which to    6  . Once the move to land has been made, however, evolution took place quickly. By the end of 100 million years, plants had developed their    7  , and some have got tree-like forms since height was very important in    8   sunlight. About 300 million years ago, much of the world was     9   with forests of huge trees. In most ways they were like modern trees. They had roots, leaves, wood, but mostly they had not developed seeds.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. generous    B. statistics     C. building   D. chance    E. addition

F. contribute   G. annoying     H. current      I. further    J. structure

Attracting donations is a chief concern for nonprofit organizations and projects. An effective, professional donation-request letter is a necessary tool for fund-raising. Researching possible donors and   1   a database of names and organizations is one key to success, but the ability to write a donation-request letter has an even greater impact on successful fund-raising. The following are some tips/instructions.

Research potential donors via the Internet. Research small companies in   2   to large foundations. Sometimes a small local company will assist you in reaching your goal. A simple appeal to a public-spirited local firm may inspire a surprisingly   3 donation.

Find the appropriate contact person. Address your letter to a real person who is in a position to entitle a donation. Beginning your letter with “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Country Market” stands little   4   of attracting the attention of the right staff member.

And then,   5   the letter properly. Begin your letter with a vivid and readable description of your organization’s work, and highlight a recent success story. Continue with a few general   6   to impress the contact person with your organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Next, describe in full the   7   project or effort for which a donation is needed and who will benefit. Include all contact information, including telephone, fax and email, and end by inviting the person to contact you if any   8    information is needed. Finally, hand on the letter to colleagues for proofreading and suggestions. 

Keep careful records of donations and send thank-you letters. Donors often are willing to   9   again if they are shown how their contribution was put to use. Follow-up letters can assist in this effort.

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.  Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. desperation    B. authorities         C. diligently       D. confusion    E. enrolled

F. violently       G. financial          H. conclusion     I. devoted      J. graduation

Seventeen years ago, when I was in military college, I was known as “the worrying wreck from Virginia Tech”. I worried so ____1_____ that I often became ill. In _____2_____, I poured out my troubles to Professor Baird, professor of business administration. The fifteen minutes that I spent with Professor Baird did more for my health and happiness than all the rest of the four years I spent in college. “Jim,” he said, “you ought to sit down and face the facts. If you _____3_____ half as much time and energy to solving your problems as you do to worrying about them, you wouldn’t have any worries. ”

I figured that I had failed physics because I had no interest in the subject. But now I changed my attitude. I said to myself, “If the college _____4_____ demand that I pass my physics examination before I obtain a degree, who am I to question their wisdom?”

So I ______5____   for physics again. This time I passed because instead of wasting my time in worrying about how hard it was, I studied _____6_____.

I solved my ____7_____ worries by taking on some additional jobs, such as selling punch at the college dances, and by borrowing money from my father, which I paid back soon after ____8______.

As I look back at it now, I can see that my problem was one of _____9_____, a lack of willingness to find the causes of my worry and face them realistically.