9.　　　 scare the animals away

e.g. The sight of the snake scared the boy away.

TIP:

1) scare…away (off, stiff, to death…)

2) scared / scary

3) scare = frighten

8.　　　 get close to

e.g. The firefighters couldn’t get close to the burning wreck on time.

TIP:

1)　　　 be (get) close to

　　　　　　 adj.

2)　　　 follow sb. close behind

　　　　　　 adv.

3)　　　 with one’s eyes closed

　　　　　 　　　　vt.

4)　　　 close v.s. closely

7.　　　 include / contain

e.g. Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol.

Detailed instructions are included in the booklet.

　 TIP:

　 All the persons, including him, got invited.

　　　　　　　 　who include him

　　　　　　　　 (with) him included

6.　　　 go on a trip

e.g. They are longing to go on a honeymoon trip to Venice.

TIP:

1)　　　 go on a visit (trip, tour, journey) / visits (trips, tours, journeys)

go on duty (strike, business, sale)

2) go on with a visit = continue …

5.　　　 go white-water rafting

e.g. To our embarrassment, we turned ourselves upside down while doing white-water rafting.

TIP:

go mountain climbing

go house hunting

go Internet surfing

4.　　　 on clear nights

e.g. The newly-wedded couple often takes a heart-to-heart talk in the moonlight on clear nights.

TIP:

at night / in the night

on a cold night

on Saturday night

on the night of…

3.　　　 so many exciting places

e.g. I feel ashamed that I’ve made so many mistakes.

TIP:

1) so many + n. (countable)

　 so much + n. (uncountable)

　 so few + n. (countable)

　 so little + n. (uncountable)

2) such little toys

2.　　　 on camels

e.g. Watch out for dangers while traveling on camels.

TIP:

by camel / on the camel(s) / on camels

by bike / on the bike(s) / on bikes

by car / in the car(s) / in cars

1.　　　 expect

e.g. I expect there would be strong agreement about this.

TIP:

expect + clause

expect + n. (sb. / sth.)

expect to do

expect sb. to do

expect so

expect not = don’t expect so

2. Ask the students to retell the three adventurous activities the writer will do during his coming travel in Africa according to the following clues:

1)　　　 to travel on camels:

where to leave and how to go

how and where to travel

how long to travel

2)　　　 to travel down the Nile:

when and where to start

how to travel and why

what to wear

3)　　　 to travel to see wild animals:

where to live

what to drink and eat

what to buy and why

how to get close to wild animals

Step 2　 Related language points ---- words and expressions