"Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else can make you happier," the researchers from a team at the University（大学）of British Columbia and Harvard Business School reported.
Their experiments on 600 volunteers in the US showed people were feeling happier when they spent money on others.
The team asked their 600 volunteers about their income（收入），their daily costs, gifts for others and donations to charity. "No matter how much money each person made, those who spent money on others could get greater happiness than those who spent money only on themselves," Dunn said.
Dunn’s team also surveyed 16 workers at a company in Boston after they received an award of between $3,000 and $8,000. "Of course they felt happy after receiving the awards," they wrote in their report. "But when they gave the people in need $5, they were happier."
"The findings showed that as little as $5 could be enough to produce happiness on a whole day," Dunn said.
【小题1】 There were ______ people in all who took part in the experiments.

【小题2】The underlined word "experiments" means ______ in Chinese.

A small ,white envelope stuck among the branches of our Christmas tree and it has been there for the past ten years or so.
It all began because my husband Justin hated Christmas—oh, not the true meaning of Christmas.Overspending was one thing, but compared to the difficult experience of choosing gifts—running around at the last minute to get a tie for Uncle Harry and a pair of gloves for Grandma…,spending money is nothing. I felt too tired to think of any special gifts.
Knowing Justin felt the same way, I decided one year not to buy the usual shirts, sweaters, ties and so on. I reached for something special just for Justin. The inspiration came in an unusual way.
Our son Kevin, who was 12 that year, was wrestling （摔跤）at the junior level at the school he attended; and shortly before Christmas, there was a match against a team sponsored (赞助) by an inner-city church.These youngsters, dressed in such worn-out shoes that shoe strings seemed to be the only thing holding them together, while our boys were in their blue and gold uniforms and new wrestling shoes.
As the match began, I was shocked to see that the other team were wrestling without wearing helmets (头盔) to protect their ears. Well, our boys ended up defeating them. We took every weight class.
Justin, seated beside me, shook his head sadly, “I wish just one of them could have won,” he said. “They have a lot potential (潜力) , but losing like this could take the heart out of them.” Justin loved kids—all kids, and he knew them, having coached little league football and baseball. That’s when the idea for his present came. That afternoon, I went to a local sporting goods store and bought different kinds of wrestling helmets and shoes. I sent them to inner-city church without leaving my name.
On Christmas Eve, I placed the envelope on the tree, the note inside telling Justin what I had done and that was his gift from me. His smile was the brightest thing about Christmas that year and since then the envelope has become the highlight of our Christmas.
【小题1】 Justin hated Christmas because _____.

Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce(减少)a child’s chance of becoming short-sighted（近视）,research shows . It challenges the belif that short-sightedness is caused by computer use , watching TV or reading in weak light .
Australian government researchers believe that sunlight is good for people’s eyes . They compared the vision （视力）and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in China and Australia .In all,30% of the Chinese children were short-sighted .This percentage was ten times higher than Australian children.
Both groups spent a similar amount of time reading, watching TV and playing computer games .However , the Australia children spent an average of two hours a day outdoors ,90 minutes more than the Chinese children.
Professor Ian Morgan said ,“Humans are naturally long-sighted ,but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors ,the number of short-sighted peoplegets larger. We are also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the world –and the main reason may be that city children spend less time outdoors .
Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light . But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted ? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical（化学物质）which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people from becoming short-sighted .
So go outdoors .It doesn’t matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports .
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
【小题1】What can reduce a child's chance of becoming short-sighted according to the passage ?

A small ,white envelope stuck among the branches of our Christmas tree and it has been there for the past ten years or so.

It all began because my husband Justin hated Christmas—oh, not the true meaning of Christmas.Overspending was one thing, but compared to the difficult experience of choosing gifts—running around at the last minute to get a tie for Uncle Harry and a pair of gloves for Grandma…,spending money is nothing. I felt too tired to think of any special gifts.

Knowing Justin felt the same way, I decided one year not to buy the usual shirts, sweaters, ties and so on. I reached for something special just for Justin. The inspiration came in an unusual way.

Our son Kevin, who was 12 that year, was wrestling （摔跤）at the junior level at the school he attended; and shortly before Christmas, there was a match against a team sponsored (赞助) by an inner-city church.These youngsters, dressed in such worn-out shoes that shoe strings seemed to be the only thing holding them together, while our boys were in their blue and gold uniforms and new wrestling shoes.

As the match began, I was shocked to see that the other team were wrestling without wearing helmets (头盔) to protect their ears. Well, our boys ended up defeating them. We took every weight class.

Justin, seated beside me, shook his head sadly, “I wish just one of them could have won,” he said. “They have a lot potential (潜力) , but losing like this could take the heart out of them.” Justin loved kids—all kids, and he knew them, having coached little league football and baseball. That’s when the idea for his present came. That afternoon, I went to a local sporting goods store and bought different kinds of wrestling helmets and shoes. I sent them to inner-city church without leaving my name.

On Christmas Eve, I placed the envelope on the tree, the note inside telling Justin what I had done and that was his gift from me. His smile was the brightest thing about Christmas that year and since then the envelope has become the highlight of our Christmas.

1.Justin hated Christmas because _____.

A. he didn’t enjoy receiving gifts                

B. he had a hard time choosing gifts

C. he spent too much money buying gifts 

D. he disliked putting gifts under the Christmas tree

2.We know from the passage that the team sponsored by inner-city church_____.

A. were well dressed                                                        B. paid no attention to safety 

C. feared Kevin’s team                                          D. couldn’t afford a helmet

3.How did Justin feel about the team’s failure ?

A. Upset                    B. Angry            C. Hopeless                D. Shameful

4.Why did the writer send gifts to the inner-city church without leaving her name ?

A. To avoid being thanked                   B. To play a joke on Justin

C. To give Justin a surprise                           D. To protect her private information

5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. The Church Gift                 B. A Special Note                 

C. The White Envelope                  D. A Christmas Card